不同平茬机械切口对平茬后北沙柳光合和生长状态的影响

张世纪; 韩易良; 何金军; 裴志永; 李志华; 杨建军; 王海超; 朱心宇; 韩青池; 刘文娟

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202406021

张世纪, 韩易良, 何金军, 裴志永, 李志华, 杨建军, 王海超, 朱心宇, 韩青池, 刘文娟

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5) : 113-122.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5) : 113-122. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202406021

研究论文

不同平茬机械切口对平茬后北沙柳光合和生长状态的影响

张世纪 ¹ ,
韩易良 ² ,
何金军 ² ,
裴志永 ¹^,^* ,
李志华 ³ ,
杨建军 ⁴ ,
王海超 ¹ ,
朱心宇 ¹ ,
韩青池 ¹ ,
刘文娟 ¹

作者信息 +

The influence of different stubble treatment on the post-pruning photosynthesis and growth conditions of Salix psammophila

ZHANG Shiji ¹ ,
HAN Yiliang ² ,
HE Jinjun ² ,
PEI Zhiyong ¹^,^* ,
LI Zhihua ³ ,
YANG Jianjun ⁴ ,
WANG Haichao ¹ ,
ZHU Xinyu ¹ ,
HAN Qingchi ¹ ,
LIU Wenjuan ¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】研究不同平茬处理对北沙柳切口的损伤,分析不同茬口对北沙柳光合及生长发育的影响,为北沙柳平茬机械的设计和可持续利用提供参考。【方法】于2023年,在国家北沙柳种质资源库实施一项完全随机设计的田间实验,系统考察6种不同平茬处理方式[圆盘式40齿(Y40)、圆盘式60齿(Y60)、圆盘式80齿(Y80)、圆盘式100齿(Y100)、往复式(W)、剪切式(J)]对植株茬口特征的影响,并探究茬口与北沙柳生理生态的关联性。【结果】不同平茬处理对北沙柳茬口特性影响显著不同,Y60、Y80、Y100处理与W、J处理间烧焦率差异显著(P<0.05),Y40与W处理间劈裂率差异显著(P<0.05),Y100与J处理间毛刺分布差异显著(P<0.05),其余处理对劈裂率及毛刺调控效果无显著差异。萌蘖期测定显示,不同平茬处理对北沙柳基径和枝条萌发数无显著影响,Y80处理组株高显著优于其他处理(P<0.05),Y60处理株高较低且与Y80、Y40、W处理差异显著(P<0.05)。光合日动态分析表明,不同平茬措施显著调控北沙柳光合特性:Y100与Y60处理的净光合速率(Pn)呈“双峰”曲线,其余处理的Pn为“单峰”且J组持续下降;水分利用效率(WUE)普遍呈现“双峰”特征,日均值以J、Y100处理最高;气孔导度(Gs)与Pn、蒸腾速率(Tr)同步单峰递减,而胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)呈“W”形波动;相关性分析发现Y100处理组切口烧焦率与平均株高极显著正相关(P<0.01),Y40处理北沙柳的烧焦率与萌发枝条数和最短枝长呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与平均枝高呈极显著负相关。综合主成分分析与指标权重评估,Y80平茬策略在促进北沙柳存活与萌芽方面表现突出,是较为合理的平茬措施。【结论】使用Y80型锯片作为标准平茬工具,可提升北沙柳林的生态与经济效益。

Abstract

【Objective】Stubble management plays a critical role in shrub restoration and desert ecological rehabilitation. While existing studies primarily focus on stubble height and cutting cycles, the impacts of stump characteristics on shrub regrowth and photosynthetic performance remain poorly understood, and standardized criteria for evaluating mechanical damage during stubble operations are lacking. 【Method】A completely randomized field experiment was conducted in 2023 at the National Salix psammophila Germplasm Repository to systematically assess the effects of six stubble treatments: disk-type 40-tooth (Y40), 60-tooth (Y60), 80-tooth (Y80), 100-tooth (Y100), reciprocating (W), and shearing (J), on stump morphology and their correlations with physiological and ecological traits. 【Result】Stump analysis revealed significant differentiation in damage characteristics: the charring rate showed significant differences among the Y60, Y80, Y100 treatments and the W, J treatments (P < 0.05), while splitting rate showed significance only between Y40 and W (P<0.05), and burr distribution varied solely between Y100 and J (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in other treatments. During sprouting period, photosynthetic parameters showed no treatment specific variations, indicating limited photosynthetic sensitivity to stubble methods. Sprouting-phase measurements demonstrated negligible effects of treatments on basal diameter or sprout number, though Y80 plant height (P<0.05). The plant height of the Y60 treatment was lower and showed significant differences among Y80, Y40, and W (P<0.05). Diurnal photosynthetic dynamics indicated treatment-specific regulation: Y100 and Y60 displayed bimodal net photosynthetic rate (Pn) curves, whereas others followed unimodal patterns (J declined continuously). Water use efficiency (WUE) exhibited bimodal peaks, with J and Y100 showing the highest daily means. Stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) decreased unimodally, while intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci) fluctuated in a “W” shape (P<0.05). Correlation analysis identified a strongly positive relationship between scorch rate and mean plant height in Y100 (P<0.01), and a negative correlation between splitting rate and sprout number in Y80 (P<0.05). Principal component analysis highlighted Y80’s dominance in survival rate and sprouting potential. Y80 is the most reasonable pruning measure. 【Conclusion】Using the Y80-type saw blade as a standard stubble cutting tool can improve the ecological and economic benefits of S. psammophila forests

导出引用

张世纪, 韩易良, 何金军, 等. 不同平茬机械切口对平茬后北沙柳光合和生长状态的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2025, 49(5): 113-122 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202406021

ZHANG Shiji, HAN Yiliang, HE Jinjun, et al. The influence of different stubble treatment on the post-pruning photosynthesis and growth conditions of Salix psammophila[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2025, 49(5): 113-122 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202406021

中图分类号： Q945;S725

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