自然恢复对橡胶林皆伐后土壤胞外酶活性及其化学计量变化特征的影响

张贝贝; 鲁强; 卢晓强; 洑香香

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202407014

张贝贝, 鲁强, 卢晓强, 洑香香

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (3) : 150-160.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (3) : 150-160. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202407014

研究论文

自然恢复对橡胶林皆伐后土壤胞外酶活性及其化学计量变化特征的影响

张贝贝 ¹ ,
鲁强 ¹^,² ,
卢晓强 ² ,
洑香香 ¹^,^*

作者信息 +

Effects of spontaneous restoration after clear-cutting on soil extracellular enzyme activities and stoichiometric characteristics in rubber forests

ZHANG Beibei ¹ ,
LU Qiang ¹^,² ,
LU Xiaoqiang ² ,
FU Xiangxiang ¹^,^*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】探究橡胶林皆伐后自然恢复对土壤性状和土壤养分循环的影响。【方法】以西双版纳橡胶林皆伐后通过4个阶段自然恢复（1、10、20和40 a，分别记为SF_1、SF_10、SF_20和SF_40）的次生林和约100 a的天然林（PF）为研究对象，以20年生橡胶人工林（RP）为对照，测定干湿两季土壤理化性质、微生物生物量以及4种土壤胞外酶活性。【结果】随恢复时间的延长，土壤碳、氮、磷（C、N、P）含量与微生物生物量碳氮磷（MBC、MBN和MBP）均呈现明显的上升趋势，土壤全磷（TP）、有效磷（AP）与MBP含量均在SF_40林分达最高值（质量分数分别为0.34 g/kg、13.65 mg/kg和83.28 mg/kg），但在PF林分土壤中下降并趋于稳定。土壤碳和磷获取酶活性（β- 1，4-葡萄糖苷酶，BG；酸性磷酸酶，ACP）随恢复年限的延长表现为先升高后降低的趋势，分别在SF_40和SF_20林分中达峰值，干季分别为926和3 296 nmol/（g·h），且干季显著大于湿季；而氮获取酶活性（β-1，4-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶，NAG；亮氨酸氨基肽酶，LAP）变化规律不明显，总体上干季低于湿季。土壤 C、N、P 获取酶活性对数转换后的比值为1.00∶1.55∶1.37，表明研究区内存在一定的N限制。相关性分析结果表明，土壤MBP、AP、可溶性有机碳（DOC）含量和土壤pH为自然恢复过程中土壤胞外酶活性的主要调控因子。【结论】橡胶林皆伐后，随着自然恢复年限的延长，土壤理化性质得到改善，微生物生物量显著增加；RP林分土壤养分含量、土壤胞外酶活性和微生物生物量与SF_1林分相当，但显著低于相同恢复年限的次生林分（SF_20）。本研究为揭示土壤微生物-胞外酶之间养分循环耦合机理提供理论支持，对理解热带季雨林生态系统中生物地球化学循环机制具有重要意义。

Abstract

【Objective】This study aims to investigate the impacts of post-clear-cutting natural restoration of rubber plantations on soil properties and nutrient cycling dynamics.【Method】Secondary forests undergoing natural restoration at four chronosequence stages（1，10，20 and 40 years post-clear-cutting，designated as SF_1，SF_10，SF_20，and SF_40）and a 100-year-old primary natural forest（PF）were compared with a 20-year-old rubber plantation（RP）as the control. Soil physicochemical properties，microbial biomass（carbon，nitrogen，phosphorus： MBC，MBN，MBP），and four extracellular enzyme activities were analyzed across dry and wet seasons.【Result】Soil carbon（C），nitrogen（N），and phosphorus（P）content，along with microbial biomass（MBC，MBN，MBP），exhibited significant increases with restoration duration. Total phosphorus（TP），available phosphorus（AP），and MBP peaked in SF_40 stands（0.34 g/kg，13.65 mg/kg，and 83.28 mg/kg，respectively），followed by declines in PF stands with stabilization. Carbon- and phosphorus-acquiring enzyme activities（β-1，4-glucosidase，BG； acid phosphatase，ACP）showed initial increases followed by decreases during restoration. BG activity peaked in SF_40（926.02 nmol/（g·h））and ACP in SF_20（3 296.89 nmol/（g·h）），with significantly higher activities observed during the dry season compared to the wet season. In contrast，nitrogen-acquiring enzymes（β-1，4-N-acetylglucosaminidase，NAG； leucine aminopeptidase，LAP）displayed irregular temporal patterns，with generally lower activities during the dry season. Stoichiometric analysis revealed a log-transformed ratio of C∶N∶P acquisition enzyme activities at 1.00∶1.55∶1.37，indicating nitrogen limitation in the ecosystem. Vector analysis further supported this finding，showing vector angles ranging from 7.59° to 33.15°. Correlation analyses identified soil AP，MBP，dissolved organic carbon（DOC）content，and pH as primary regulators of extracellular enzyme activities during restoration.【Conclusion】Prolonged natural restoration significantly enhanced soil physicochemical properties and microbial biomass. Notably，the 20-year-old rubber plantation exhibited comparable soil nutrient levels，extracellular enzyme activities，and microbial biomass to SF_1 stands，but significantly lower values than SF_20 stands at equivalent restoration duration. These findings elucidate the coupling mechanisms between soil microorganisms and extracellular enzymes in nutrient cycling，providing critical insights into biogeochemical processes in tropical monsoon forest ecosystems.

导出引用

张贝贝, 鲁强, 卢晓强, 等. 自然恢复对橡胶林皆伐后土壤胞外酶活性及其化学计量变化特征的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2026, 50(3): 150-160 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202407014

ZHANG Beibei, LU Qiang, LU Xiaoqiang, et al. Effects of spontaneous restoration after clear-cutting on soil extracellular enzyme activities and stoichiometric characteristics in rubber forests[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2026, 50(3): 150-160 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202407014

中图分类号： S714

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