河南20个鲜食枣品种的果实品质评价

智照坤; 张蒙蒙; 陈卓; 郭燕萌; 刘艺腾; 岳华峰; 李芳东; 朱高浦; 张树林

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202407017

河南20个鲜食枣品种的果实品质评价

智照坤, 张蒙蒙, 陈卓, 郭燕萌, 刘艺腾, 岳华峰, 李芳东, 朱高浦, 张树林

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2) : 57-66.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2) : 57-66. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202407017

专题报道（Ⅱ）：枣种质资源与果实品质研究（执行主编李维林尹佟明）

河南20个鲜食枣品种的果实品质评价

智照坤 ¹ ,
张蒙蒙 ¹^,² ,
陈卓 ¹^,² ,
郭燕萌 ¹ ,
刘艺腾 ² ,
岳华峰 ² ,
李芳东 ² ,
朱高浦 ¹^,² ,
张树林 ¹^,^*

作者信息 +

Evaluation of the fruit quality in 20 fresh jujube cultivars in Henan Province

ZHI Zhaokun ¹ ,
ZHANG Mengmeng ¹^,² ,
CHEN Zhuo ¹^,² ,
GUO Yanmeng ¹ ,
LIU Yiteng ² ,
YUE Huafeng ² ,
LI Fangdong ² ,
ZHU Gaopu ¹^,² ,
ZHANG Shulin ¹^,^*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】探究不同品种枣种质资源果实品质的差异,为枣优良品种选育与改良及河南地区枣栽培品种的选用提供科学依据。【方法】以河南地区主栽的20个枣品种成熟期果实为试材,采用主成分分析、聚类分析等多元统计分析方法,对8项品质指标进行了分析,并通过qRT-PCR技术检测5个与果实品质性状相关基因的表达量。【结果】不同枣品种果实表型性状差异显著,其中‘十月红’的单果质量最大(16.79 g);‘辣椒枣’的果形指数最高(2.62);‘嵩县大枣’的硬度最高(12.03 N);‘北京笨枣’的可溶性固形物含量最高(质量分数34.95%);‘鸡心红六号’的可滴定酸含量最高(体积分数0.767%)。相关性分析表明,果实硬度与脆度呈显著正相关;可溶性固形物含量与可溶性糖含量呈显著正相关,与单果质量和横径呈显著负相关;单果质量与横径呈显著正相关,果形指数与横径呈显著负相关、与纵径呈显著正相关。相关基因表达量分析表明,果实品质相关基因的表达水平在不同枣品种果实中存在显著差异,如参与糖代谢的基因Zj.jz036789032在‘鸡心枣’中的表达量约为‘北京笨枣’的150倍。【结论】黄淮地区主栽的20个枣品种果实品质相关性状存在显著差异,可将20个枣品种分为3类:高硬度高酸度类、高糖度低酸度类和低单果质量低硬度类,这3类枣品种的果实性状差异显著,具有不同的食用价值和市场前景。

Abstract

【Objective】This study aims to investigate the differences in fruit quality among different jujube germplasm resources, so as to providing a scientific basis for the breeding and improvement of jujube varieties, and for the selection of cultivated varieties in Henan Province.【Method】Mature fruits of 20 main jujube cultivars in Huang-Huai region were used as experimental materials. Eight quality indicators were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, and the expression levels of five genes related to fruit quality traits were detected by qRT-PCR.【Result】Significant differences were observed in the phenotypic traits of fruits among the cultivars: ‘Shiyuehong’ had the largest single fruit weight (16.79 g), ‘Lajiaozao’ had the highest fruit shape index (2.62), ‘Songxian Dazao’ had the highest hardness (12.03 N), ‘Beijing Benzao’ had the highest soluble solid content (mass fraction 34.95%), and ‘Jixinhong 6’ had the highest titratable acid content (volume fraction 0.767%). Correlation analysis showed that fruit hardness was significantly positively correlated with brittleness. Soluble solid content was significantly positively correlated with soluble sugar content, but significantly negatively correlated with single fruit weight and transverse diameter. In addition, single fruit weight was significantly positively correlated with transverse diameter, while fruit type index was significantly negatively correlated with transverse diameter and significantly positively correlated with vertical diameter. Gene expression analysis revealed significant differences in the expression levels of quality-related genes among cultivars. For example, the expression level of the sugar metabolism-related gene Zj.jz036789032 in ‘Jixinzao’ was about 150 times higher than that of ‘Beijing Benzao’.【Conclusion】Significant differences were found in the fruit quality traits of the 20 jujube cultivars studied. These cultivars can be divided into three categories: high hardness and high acidity, high sugar and low acidity, and low single fruit weight and low hardness. The fruit characteristics of the three types are significantly different, indicating distinct edible and market values.

导出引用

智照坤, 张蒙蒙, 陈卓, 等. 河南20个鲜食枣品种的果实品质评价[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2026, 50(2): 57-66 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202407017

ZHI Zhaokun, ZHANG Mengmeng, CHEN Zhuo, et al. Evaluation of the fruit quality in 20 fresh jujube cultivars in Henan Province[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2026, 50(2): 57-66 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202407017

中图分类号： S665.1;S718

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