【目的】分析浙江遂昌白马山森林公园8个代表林分的挥发性成分特征,探索各代表林挥发性成分的潜在康养活性。【方法】通过吸附管吸附法采集浙江遂昌白马山森林公园8个代表林分人体呼吸带高度处的森林挥发性成分,采用热脱附-气相色谱/质谱联用仪(TD-GC/MS)技术对其进行成分检测、鉴定,以及NIST标准谱库的检索,对各林分挥发性成分进行定性和定量分析。【结果】浙江遂昌白马山森林公园8个代表林分的森林挥发性成分丰富度由高到低的顺序为柏木纯林、杉木+厚朴+枫香+鹅掌楸混交林、杉木+黄山松+木荷混交林、柳杉纯林、杉木+柳杉混交林、毛竹纯林、杉木纯林、杉木+黄山松混交林。8个代表性林分分别被分离出59、101、46、60、100、77、62、52个色谱峰,检出38、62、37、22、52、43、33、39种化合物,8个林分共有苯甲醛、壬醛、癸醛、乙酸正丙酯、乙酸仲丁酯、苯乙酮、苯、甲苯、乙苯、乙酸以及苯甲腈等11种化合物,每个林分共有的苯甲醛、壬醛、癸醛等3种醛类化合物相对含量和苯乙酮的相对含量都在12%以上,最高达53.95%。8个林分都有相对含量1.09%~21.78%不等的典型污染物,其中杉木+黄山松+木荷混交林污染物含量最高,杉木+黄山松混交林污染物含量最低。除了柏木纯林和杉木+厚朴+枫香+鹅掌楸混交林,白马山森林公园各林分都含有26%以上的醛类、酮类和酯类化合物,且柏木纯林释放4种萜烯类化合物。【结论】遂昌白马山森林公园各代表林分森林挥发性成分种类都较丰富,8个林分所释放的主要挥发性成分都含有芳香环烃类和烷烃类化合物,其中杉木+黄山松混交林释放萜烯类化合物、醛类化合物、酮类化合物、酯类化合物、醇类化合物等有益健康的挥发性成分总的相对含量最高。早秋的杉木+黄山松混交林、柳杉纯林、杉木纯林、毛竹纯林等4个群落结构的林区适合开展森林康养活动,杉木+黄山松混交林最有利于心血管慢性病的亚健康人群开展森林康养活动,柳杉纯林、杉木纯林、毛竹纯林次之。

【Objective】This research aims to analyze the volatile component characteristics of eight representative forests in Baimashan Forest Park, Suichang County, Zhejiang Province, and explore the potential health benefits of their volatile components. This will provide a pure ecological, low-cost, and side-effect-free ecological prevention and treatment path for populations with chronic diseases or sub-health in the new era, and provide a theoretical reference for ecological natural healing and forest health base construction.【Method】Forest volatile components were collected from eight representative forest areas in Baimashan Forest Park, at human respiratory height using adsorption tube sampling. The components were analyzed using thermal desorption gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS) technology. Volatile component mass spectrometry was retrieved from the NIST standard spectrum library, and relevant data were matched based on mass spectrometry fragmentation rules. Qualitative and relative mass analysis of volatile components in each forest stand was conducted.【Result】The order of the richness of forest volatile components in the eight representative forest areas from high to low was Cupressus funebris pure forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata + Houpoea officinalis + Liquidambar formosana + Liriodendron chinense mixed forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata+Pinus hwangshanensis + Schima superb mixed forest, Cryptomeria japonica pure forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata+Cryptomeria japonica mixed forest, Phyllosatachys edulis pure forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata pure forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata+Pinus hwangshanensis mixed forest. The study isolated 59, 101, 46, 60, 100, 77, 62 and 52 chromatographic peaks from the eight representative forest areas, identifying 38, 62, 37, 22, 52, 43, 33 and 39 compounds respectively. Among the eight forest areas, a total of 12 compounds were identified, including benzaldehyde, nonanal, decanal, npropyl acetate, sec-butyl acetate, acetophenone, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, acetic acid, and benzonitrile. The relative content of benzaldehyde, nonanal, decanal, and acetophenone in each forest area was above 12%, with the highest being 53.95%. The eight forest regions all have typical pollutants with relative contents ranging from 1.09% to 21.78%, of which the mixed forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata + Pinus hwangshanensis + S. superb mixed forest has the highest pollutant content, and the mixed forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata + Pinus hwangshanensis has the lowest pollutant content. In addition to Cupressus funebris pure forests and C. lanceolata + Houpoea officinalis + Liquidambar formosana + Liriodendron chinense mixed forest, all forest areas in Baimashan Forest Park contain more than 26% of aldehydes, ketones, and esters, and Cupressus funebris pure forest release four terpenes.【Conclusion】The types of forest volatile components in the representative forest areas of Baimashan Forest Park are rich, and the main volatile components released from the eight forest areas all contain aromatic cyclohydrocarbons and alkanes. Among them, the total relative content of healthy volatile components released from the mixed forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata + Pinus hwangshanensis, such as terpenes, aldehydes, ketones, esters and alcohols, is the highest. In early autumn, four forest areas with community structure of mixed forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata + Pinus hwangshanensis, pure forest of Cupressus fortunei, pure forest of Chinese fir and pure forest of Phyllostuchys edulis are suitable for carrying out forest health care activities. Mixed forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata + Pinus hwangshanensis is most conducive to carrying out forest health care activities for sub healthy people with chronic cardiovascular diseases, followed by Cupressus japonica, Cunninghamia lanceolata and P. pubescens pure forest.