修枝和间伐对长白落叶松人工幼龄林下草本植物多样性和土壤理化性质的短期影响

杨贺; 刘盛; 李国伟; 刘东洋; 李依桐; 王斌

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202408018

杨贺, 刘盛, 李国伟, 刘东洋, 李依桐, 王斌

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2) : 187-195.

PDF(1817 KB)

国家林草科技领军期刊
中国精品科技期刊
中国高校百佳科技期刊
江苏省新闻出版政府奖期刊奖
RCCSE林学权威期刊（A+）
CSCD核心期刊
Scopus数据库收录期刊
中文核心期刊
SCD核心期刊

作者加群：102861116

微信公众号：南京林业大学学报

高级检索

PDF(1817 KB)

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2) : 187-195. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202408018

研究论文

修枝和间伐对长白落叶松人工幼龄林下草本植物多样性和土壤理化性质的短期影响

杨贺 ¹ ,
刘盛 ¹^,^* ,
李国伟 ¹ ,
刘东洋 ² ,
李依桐 ¹ ,
王斌 ¹

作者信息 +

The short-term effects of pruning and thinning on the diversity of herbaceous plants and soil physicochemical properties under the artificial Larix olgensis young forest

YANG He ¹ ,
LIU Sheng ¹^,^* ,
LI Guowei ¹ ,
LIU Dongyang ² ,
LI Yitong ¹ ,
WANG Bin ¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】探究单一修枝抚育和修枝叠加间伐抚育两种抚育方式对长白落叶松(Larix olgensis)人工幼龄林下草本植物多样性及土壤理化性质的影响,为其人工林的可持续经营提供理论与技术依据。【方法】于2019年8月,选取17年生的长白落叶松人工幼龄林,设计了修枝+间伐、仅修枝两种抚育方式,以未抚育为对照,抚育2、4 a后分别对林下草本植物和土壤进行了调查,对不同抚育方式下草本植物多样性和土壤养分的变化及其相关性进行了研究,明确两种抚育方式下草本植物多样性与土壤理化性质之间的相关性。【结果】抚育方式对林下草本植物多样性、土壤理化性质有显著影响。具体表现为仅修枝处理和修枝+间伐处理在短期内均能显著增加林下草本植物的物种丰富度和覆盖度。修枝+间伐处理对土壤容重和紧实度的影响作用更大,与对照林分相比(0,10]、(10,20]、(20,40] cm土壤容重分别减小10.4%、10.2%、8.9%。与对照组相比,修枝+间伐处理下(0,10] cm土壤全氮含量增加38.9%、水解性氮含量增加34.8%、速效磷含量增加53.0%、有机碳含量增加84.6%(P<0.05);仅修枝处理主要影响(10,20] cm土层的土壤化学性质,该层土壤水解性氮含量增加30.2%、速效磷含量增加14.4%、有机碳含量增加42.2%(P<0.05)。林下草本植物多样性与土壤有机碳、氮和钾含量有着显著的相关性(P<0.05)。林下草本植物丰富度和覆盖度的增大对土壤碳和氮元素的固定作用显著。【结论】修枝+间伐抚育对林下草本植物丰富度和覆盖度的提高作用更显著。修枝抚育和间伐抚育均能直接影响林下草本植物的多样性和覆盖度,进而对土壤养分含量的提高起到了积极作用。因此,对于落叶松人工幼龄林,可以通过修枝+间伐抚育,改善林下的光照强度,促进林下草本植物的多样性和生长,从而提升土壤养分的循环速度,更好的维持土壤肥力和预防地力衰退。

Abstract

【Objective】This study aims to explore the effects of single pruning and combined pruning-thinning treatments on understory herbaceous plant diversity and soil physicochemical properties in young larch (Larix olgensis) plantations, providing theoretical and technical foundations for sustainable management of larch plantations.【Method】Utilizing a 17-year-old L. olgensis plantation established in August 2019, three treatments were designed: pruning + thinning, pruning only, and an untreated control. Surveys of understory herbaceous plants and soil were conducted 2 and 4 years after treatment. Changes and correlations among herbaceous plant diversity and soil nutrients under different treatments were analyzed to clarify the relationships between the two silvicultural methods, herbaceous plant diversity, and soil physicochemical properties.【Result】Silvicultural treatments showed signifcant effects on herbaceous plant diversity and soil physicochemical properties. Specifically, both pruning-only and pruning + thinning treatments significantly increased species richness and cover of understory herbaceous plants in the short term. Pruning + thinning had a greater impact on soil bulk density and compactness. Compared to the control, soil bulk density decreased by 10.4% ((0,10] cm), 10.2% ((10,20] cm), and 8.9% ((20,40] cm); in the (0,10] cm soil layer, pruning + thinning increased total nitrogen by 38.9%, hydrolyzable nitrogen by 34.8%, available potassium by 53.0%, and organic carbon by 84.6% (P < 0.05). Pruning-only primarily affected the (10,20] cm soil layer, increasing hydrolyzable nitrogen by 30.2%, available phosphorus by 14.4%, and organic carbon by 42.2% (P < 0.05);herbaceous plant diversity showed significant correlations with soil organic carbon, nitrogen, and potassium (P < 0.05). Increased species richness and cover enhanced soil carbon and nitrogen sequestration significantly.【Conclusion】The combined pruning + thinning treatment more effectively improved herbaceous plant richness and cover. Both pruning and thinning directly enhanced understory plant diversity and cover, indirectly promoting soil nutrient cycling. For young Larix olgensis plantations, combined pruning + thinning optimizes light conditions, fosters understory herbaceous diversity and growth, accelerates soil nutrient cycling, and helps maintain soil fertility while preventing siol degradation.

导出引用

杨贺, 刘盛, 李国伟, 等. 修枝和间伐对长白落叶松人工幼龄林下草本植物多样性和土壤理化性质的短期影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2026, 50(2): 187-195 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202408018

YANG He, LIU Sheng, LI Guowei, et al. The short-term effects of pruning and thinning on the diversity of herbaceous plants and soil physicochemical properties under the artificial Larix olgensis young forest[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2026, 50(2): 187-195 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202408018

中图分类号： S753.5

参考文献

列表( 原文顺序 | 文献年度倒序 | 文中引用次数倒序 ) 可视化分析

[1]	BRICCA A, BONARI G, PADULLÉS CUBINO J, et al. Effect of forest structure and management on the functional diversity and composition of understorey plant communities[J]. Applied Vegetation Science, 2023, 26(1):e12710. DOI: 10.1111/avsc.12710. 本文引用 [1]

[2]

张涵丹, 康希睿, 邵文豪, 等. 不同类型杉木人工林林下草本植物多样性特征[J]. 生态学报, 2021, 41(6):2118-2128.

ZHANG

H D

, KANG

X R

, SHAO

W H

, et al. Characteristics of herbaceous plant biodiversity in Cunninghamia lanceolate plantations with different community structures[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2021, 41(6):2118-2128. DOI: 10.5846/stxb202007151845.

本文引用 [2]

[3]

陈涵, 郭弘婷, 陈睿, 等. 杉木人工林林下植物多样性及其环境对不同间伐强度的短期响应[J]. 生态学报, 2023, 43(24):10274-10284.

CHEN

, GUO

H T

, CHEN

, et al. Understory plant diversity of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations and its short-term environmental response to different thinning intensities[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2023, 43(24):10274-10284. DOI: 10.20103/j.stxb.202306031177.

本文引用 [2]

[4]

周润惠, 苏天成, 喻静, 等. 碧峰峡常绿阔叶林不同群落物种多样性和土壤理化性质[J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(1):1-8.

ZHOU

R H

, SU

T C

, YU

, et al. Species diversity and soil physicochemical properties of different communities in Bifengxia evergreen broad-leaved forest[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2022, 41(1):1-8. DOI: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202201.019.

本文引用 [1]

[5]

刘洋, 侯占山, 赵爽, 等. 太行山片麻岩山区造地边坡植被恢复过程中植物多样性与土壤特性的演变[J]. 生态学报, 2018, 38(15):5331-5339.

LIU

, HOU

Z S

, ZHAO

, et al. Evolution of plant species diversity and soil characteristics on hillslopes during vegetation restoration in the gneiss region of the Taihang Mountains after reclamation[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38(15):5331-5339. DOI: 10.5846/stxb201709271749.

本文引用 [1]

[6]	LIU H, QI J, LIU D, et al. Effects of Different forest types on stoichiometric characteristics of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in tropical soils, China[J]. Sustainability, 2024, 16(2):480. DOI: 10.3390/su16020480. 本文引用 [1]

[7]

赵金满, 韩馨悦, 程瑞明, 等. 塞罕坝自然保护区华北落叶松和樟子松人工林土壤质量评价[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2023, 51(7):123-127,168.

ZHAO

J M

, HAN

X Y

, CHENG

R M

, et al. Soil quality evaluation of Larix principis-rupprechtii and Pinus sylvestris plantations in the Saihanba Nature Reserve[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2023, 51(7):123-127,168. DOI: 10.13759/j.cnki.dlxb.2023.07.015.

本文引用 [1]

[8]	邵森. 山西太岳山针叶林土壤肥力随林龄和营林措施变化特征的研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2018. SHAO S. The study on the changes of soil fertility in coniferous forest with age and silvicultural measures of Shanxi Taiyue Mountain[D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2018. DOI: 10.26949/d.cnki.gblyu.2018.000344. 本文引用 [1]

[9]

桂慧颖, 方发之, 麦有专, 等. 修枝强度对坡垒幼树生长和生理特性的影响及综合评价[J]. 西部林业科学, 2022, 51(6):79-85,100.

GUI

H Y

, FANG

F Z

, MAI

Y Z

, et al. Effects of pruning intensity on growth and physiological characteristics of Hopea hainanensis seedlings and comprehensive evaluation[J]. Journal of West China Forestry Science, 2022, 51(6):79-85,100. DOI: 10.16473/j.cnki.xblykx1972.2022.06.011.

本文引用 [1]

[10]	LIN N, DENG N L, LU D H, et al. Short-term effects of thinning on tree growth and soil nutrients in the middle-aged Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) hook.) plantations[J]. Forests, 2023, 14(1):74. DOI: 10.3390/f14010074. 本文引用 [1]

[11]	张政兴. 间伐修枝对幼龄落叶松生长与林下植物的影响[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2021, 27(8):72-73,138. DOI: 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2021.08.027. 本文引用 [1]

[12]

李旭华, 徐峥静茹, 蔡蕾. 不同抚育措施对川西亚高山云杉人工林土壤微生物群落结构的短期影响[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2023, 29(3):663-669.

X H

, XU

Z J R

, CAI

, et al. Short-term effects of different tending measures on soil microbial communities in subalpine spruce plantations of western Sichuan[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 2023, 29(3):663-669. DOI: 10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2022.03007.

本文引用 [1]

[13]	李虹霖. 落叶松林冠下的光环境与草本植物多样性和生物量的研究[D]. 吉林: 北华大学, 2017. LI H L. Study on the optimum light environment of updated tree species in the artificial canopy of Larix olgensis Henry[D]. Jilin: Beihua University, 2017. 本文引用 [2]

[14]

庞宗清, 陈伟彬, 苏芳龙, 等. 凋落物和根系输入对南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林土壤养分的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2022, 42(22):9143-9152.

PANG

Z Q

, CHEN

W B

, SU

F L

, et al. Short-term effects of altered litter and root inputs on soil water-extractable ions in a subtropical monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest,southern China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2022, 42(22):9143-9152. DOI: 10.5846/stxb202106051486.

本文引用 [1]

[15]	SONG Z B, ZUO X A, ZHAO X Y, et al. Plant functional traits mediate the response magnitude of plant-litter-soil microbial C∶N∶P stoichiometry to nitrogen addition in a desert steppe[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2024, 915:169915. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169915. 本文引用 [1]

[16]

佘宇晨, 陈彩虹, 丁思一, 等. 间伐和修枝对杉木人工林土壤微生物群落结构的影响[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2016, 36(3):23-27.

SHE

Y C

, CHEN

C H

, DING

S Y

, et al. Effects of pruning and thinning effects on soil microbial community structure of Chinese fir plantations[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2016, 36(3):23-27. DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2016.03.005.

本文引用 [1]

[17]	LI X H, WANG R H, LIU K L, et al. Effects of thinning on tree growth and soil physiochemical properties in Cunninghamia lanceolataplantation[J]. Journal of Forest Research, 2023, 28(4):251-259. DOI: 10.1080/13416979.2023.2198156. 本文引用 [1]

[18]	FORRESTER D I, COLLOPY J J, BEADLE C L, et al. Effect of thinning,pruning and nitrogen fertiliser application on light interception and light-use efficiency in a young Eucalyptus nitens plantation[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2013, 288:21-30. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.11.024. 本文引用 [1]

[19]	张士韬, 欧阳林男, 陈少雄, 等. 间伐与修枝对人工林木材质量影响的研究进展[J]. 广西林业科学, 2023, 52(6):803-811. ZHANG S T, OUYANG L N, CHEN S X, et al. Research progress on effects of thinning and pruning on wood quality of plantations[J]. Guangxi Forestry Science, 2023, 52(6):803-811. DOI: 10.19692/j.issn.1006-1126.20230620. 本文引用 [1]

[20]

白东雪, 刘强, 董利虎, 等. 长白落叶松人工林有效冠高的确定及其影响因子[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2019, 41(5):76-87.

BAI

D X

, LIU

, DONG

L H

, et al. Determination and analysis of height to effective crown for planted Larix olgensis trees[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2019, 41(5):76-87. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20190016.

本文引用 [1]

[21]	PENG M, QU L N, WANG Q Y. Seed-specific identification of Larix gmelinii,Larix olgensis,and Larix principis-rupprechtii using sequence-characterised amplified region markers[J]. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 2014, 55:231-235. DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2014.03.028. 本文引用 [1]

[22]	张恒. 39年生长白落叶松种源试验研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 东北林业大学, 2021. ZHANG H. Study on provenance test of 39-year-old Larix olgensis[D]. Harbin: Northeast Forestry University, 2021. DOI: 10.27009/d.cnki.gdblu.2021.000737. 本文引用 [1]

[23]

王育新, 李永祥, 李娜, 等. 浅谈人工落叶松纯林的近自然经营[J]. 中国农业信息(上半月), 2015(1):116.

WANG

Y X

, LI

Y X

, LI

, et al. A brief discussion on near natural management of artificial larch pure forest[J]. China Agricultural Information, China Agricultural Information (First Half), 2015(1): 116. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-0423.2015.01.108.

本文引用 [1]

[24]

李登醒, 杨章旗, 颜培栋, 等. 林分密度对马尾松人工林群落冠层结构及林下草本的影响[J]. 西南林业大学学报(自然科学), 2024, 44(2):60-68.

D X

, YANG

Z Q

, YAN

P D

, et al. Effects of stand density on canopy structure and understory herbs of Pinus massoniana plantation community[J]. Journal of Southwest Forestry University (Natural Sciences), 2024, 44(2):60-68.

本文引用 [1]

[25]	BAUTISTA I, LIDÓN A, LULL C, et al. Thinning decreased soil respiration differently in two dryland Mediterranean forests with contrasted soil temperature and humidity regimes[J]. European Journal of Forest Research, 2021, 140(6):1469-1485. DOI: 10.1007/s10342-021-01413-9. 本文引用 [1]

[26]

吕娇, MUSTAQ

, 崔义, 等. 土壤紧实度和凋落物覆盖对城市森林土壤持水、渗水能力的影响[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(8):102-111.

LYU

, MUSTAQ

, CUI

, et al. Effects of soil compactness and litter covering on soil water holding capacity and water infiltration ability in urban forest[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(8):102-111. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190476.

本文引用 [1]

[27]	田佳歆. 采伐对长白落叶松人工林草本物种多样性和土壤化学性质的影响[D]. 吉林: 北华大学, 2021. TIAN J X. Effects of cutting on species diversity and soil chemical properties of Larix olgensis plantion[D]. Jilin: Beihua University, 2021. DOI: 10.26928/d.cnki.gbhuu.2021.000019. 本文引用 [1]

[28]	查同刚. 土壤理化分析方法[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2017. CHA T G. Soil physicochemical analysis[M]. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, 2017. 本文引用 [1]

[29]	马克平. 生物群落多样性的测度方法Ⅰ:α多样性的测度方法(上)[J]. 生物多样性, 1994, 2(3):162-168. MA K P. Methods for measuring biodiversity in biological communities I:methods for measuring alpha diversity (Part 1)[J]. Biodiversity Science, 1994, 2 (3):162-168. DOI: 10.17520/biods.1994027. 本文引用 [1]

[30]	王立超. 间伐及修枝对黄河三角洲典型林分生长和土壤理化特征的影响[D]. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2022. WANG L C. Effects of thinning and pruning on growth and soil physical and chemical characteristics of typical stands in the Yellow River[D]. Taian: Shandong Agricultural University, 2022. DOI: 10.27277/d.cnki.gsdnu.2022.000131. 本文引用 [1]

[31]	DE VARGAS F, BRANDELERO C, SZYMCZAK D A, et al. Physical quality of soil in mechanized thinning of Eucalyptus sp[J]. Floresta, 2020, 50(4):1837. DOI: 10.5380/rf.v50i4.66186. 本文引用 [1]

[32]	KIM S, SON Y, YOON K T, et al. Initial effects of thinning on soil carbon storage and base cations in a naturally regenerated Quercus spp. forest in Hongcheon, Korea[J]. Forest Science & Technology, 2015, 11(3):172-176. DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2014.957357. 本文引用 [1]

[33]	吴霞. 抚育间伐和修枝对华北落叶松人工林土壤质量影响的研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2020. WU X. Thinning and pruning effect on soil quality in Larix princicpis-rupprechtii Mayr.plantions[D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2020. DOI: 10.26949/d.cnki.gblyu.2020.000417. 本文引用 [1]

[34]

戎建涛, 张晓红, 郜爱玲, 等. 不同间伐强度经营对柳杉人工林土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2019, 34(4):206-211.

RONG

J T

, ZHANG

X H

, GAO

A L

, et al. Effects of different thinning intensity managements on soil physicochemical properties of Cryptomeria fortunei plantations[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2019, 34(4):206-211. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2019.04.31.

本文引用 [1]

[35]	颜忠鹏. 不同抚育间伐强度对桉树人工林林分及土壤性质的影响[D]. 长沙: 中南林业科技大学, 2019. YAN Z P. Effects of different tending thinning intensities on stands and soil properties of eucalyptus plantations[D]. Changsha: Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2019. 本文引用 [1]

[36]	韦晓竞. 大花序桉人工幼林林分密度与修枝效应研究[D]. 广西大学, 2021. WEI X J. Effects of afforestation density and tree pruning on Eucalyptus Cloezian plantation[D]. Guangxi University, 2021. DOI: 10.27034/d.cnki.ggxiu.2021.000851. 本文引用 [1]

[37]	LUCAS-BORJA M E, DELGADO-BAQUERIZO M. Plant diversity and soil stoichiometry regulates the changes in multifunctionality during pine temperate forest secondary succession[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2019, 697:134204. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134204. 本文引用 [1]

[38]

曹越. 冀北山地油松人工林林下植被及土壤性质分析[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2018.

CAO

. Analysis of understory vegetation characteristic and soil physical-chemical properties under Pinus tabulaeformis plantation in northern mountain of Hebei[D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2018. DOI: 10.26949/d.cnki.gblyu.2018.000164.

本文引用 [1]

[39]

张轶超. 大兴安岭林区不同纬度白桦天然林林下植物物种多样性及其影响因素研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2023.

ZHANG

Y C

. Understory plant species diversity and its influencing factors in Betula platyphylla natural forest at different latitudes in the Greater Khingan Mountains[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2023.

本文引用 [1]

[40]

胡广德, 周继强, 达军山, 等. 金塔沙地不同人工林下草本植物多样性与土壤性质的关系[J]. 草地学报, 2023, 31(6):1834-1841.

G D

, ZHOU

J Q

, DA

J S

, et al. Relationship between understory plant diversity and soil properties of different forests in sandy land of Jinta[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2023, 31(6):1834-1841. DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2023.06.027.

本文引用 [1]

[41]	ZHANG Z T, LUO R Y, LIU Q H, et al. Linking soil phosphorus fractions to abiotic factors and the microbial community during subalpine secondary succession:Implications for soil phosphorus availability[J]. CATENA, 2023, 233:107501. DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2023.107501. 本文引用 [1]

[42]	刘红梅, 武爱兵, 崔立明, 等. 植物凋落物分解对土壤化学性质的影响[J]. 河北林果研究, 2015, 30(3):232-235. LIU H M, WU A B, CUI L M, et al. Impact of plant litter decomposition on soil chemical properties[J]. Hebei Journal of Forestry and Orchard Research, 2015, 30(3):232-235. DOI: 10.13320/j.cnki.hjfor.2015.0054. 本文引用 [1]