【目的】 探讨温度对翠竹(Pleioblastus pygmaeus)种子萌发及幼苗展叶阶段生长的影响,为实生苗造林研究提供参考。【方法】以翠竹种子为试验材料,采用盆栽法培养,通过梯度温度试验(16~30 ℃),对不同温度下种子萌发及幼苗生长特性进行研究。【结果】①随着温度升高,翠竹种子的发芽率与发芽势均呈先升后降的趋势,24~28 ℃为最适萌发温度范围,24 ℃时萌发效果最佳。温度升高显著缩短了种子的初始萌发时间和平均萌发时间。②翠竹发育速率随温度升高而加快,且与温度呈线性关系,根据线性回归方程计算得出低温阈值及有效积温。③温度对翠竹幼苗的叶片高度、根系形态指标、生物量的积累等均有显著影响,其中叶片高度随温度升高而呈下降趋势;实生苗生长的最佳温度为22~26 ℃。【结论】本研究确定了翠竹种子适宜萌发温度范围为24~28 ℃,建立了发育速率与温度的线性方程。研究结果为翠竹种质资源保存、人工育苗及栽培管理提供了理论依据,对指导翠竹引种栽培实践和评估生态适应性具有重要意义。

【Objective】 Temperature serves as a fundamental environmental determinant that profoundly influences seed germination physiology and subsequent seedling establishment in vascular plants. In order to explore the influence of temperature on the seed germination and seedling growth of Pleioblastus pygmaeus, so as to better understand the seed germination characteristics of bamboo plants and the growth and development law of seedlings at leaf-expansion period, and to provide theoretical and practical basis for the seedlings afforestation of P. pygmaeus.【Method】Taking the seeds of P. pygmaeus as experimental materials, the seeds were cultivated by pot-culture method. The characteristics of seed germination and seedling growth were studied in detail by gradient temperature control test (temperature ranged from 16 to 30 ℃). 【Result】(1) With the increase in culture temperature, the germination percentage and germination potentiality of P. pygmaeus seeds initially increased and then decreased. The optimum germination temperature range of P. pygmaeus seeds was 24-28 ℃, among which 24 ℃ was the optimum germination and emergence temperature of P. pygmaeus. Under the optimum germination temperature, the germination rate and germination potential are high, the germination speed is fast and the germination is neat. With the increase in temperature, the initial germination time and average germination time of P. pygmaeus seeds are shortened. (2) The growth rate of P. pygmaeus increased with the increase in temperature, and temperature has a linear relationship with the development rate. According to the linear regression equation, the low-temperature threshold and effective accumulated temperature of P. pygmaeus were predicted. (3) Temperature had significant effects on leaf height, root growth characteristics and biomass accumulation of P. pygmaeus seedlings. The leaf height of P. pygmaeus seedlings decreased with the increase of temperature. Generally speaking, 22-26 ℃ is the optimum growth temperature range of P. pygmaeus seedlings. 【Conclusion】In this study, we determined the optimum temperature range of 24-28 ℃ for seed germination of P. pygmaeus, and established the quantitative relationship between development rate and temperature. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the conservation of P. pygmaeus germplasm resources, artificial seedling raising and cultivation management, and are of great significance in guiding the practice of seed introduction and cultivation and assessing ecological adaptability.