【目的】为提高文冠果（Xanthoceras sorbifolium）种实的综合利用效率，选育用于油用皂用生产的高产文冠果优良种质资源，为文冠果种实综合开发利用提供科学参考。【方法】对26个文冠果优良无性系的单株种实产量等产量性状、种实横纵径等表型性状、油脂成分与皂苷含量等种实相关性状进行观测。采用主成分分析法对文冠果种实性状进行初步选优，对脂肪酸性状采用多维空间坐标综合评定值累加法进行评定，对生物柴油性状采用熵权法进行评定，筛选出适用于从食用油、生物柴油与皂苷综合生产角度开发利用的文冠果高产优良无性系。【结果】①26个文冠果无性系种仁含油率、种仁油脂各脂肪酸组分、生物柴油等性状变异系数较小，单株果实产量、千粒质量、果皮干质量等性状变异系数较大，皂苷含量变异系数最大（31.67%）。②单株果实产量与果实鲜质量存在极显著正相关关系，种子纵径、横径等表型性状与含油率、皂苷含量存在负相关关系，种仁油脂不饱和脂肪酸组分中除13-二十二碳烯酸C22：1、二十四碳烯酸C24：1外，其他组分均与脂肪酸不饱和度存在极显著相关，碘值与脂肪酸不饱和度呈极显著正相关。③根据主成分分析选出3个高皂型、3个高油型、3个高皂高油型优良无性系。在皂苷油脂综合性状得分较高的无性系中，选出3个皂苷-食用油两用优良无性系以及3个皂苷-生物柴油两用优良无性系。【结论】文冠果单株种实产量与果皮皂苷含量有较大遗传改良潜力，种仁油脂组分与生物柴油性状间存在密切联系，各无性系中食用油性状得分与生物柴油性状得分存在较明显差异。

【Objective】This study aims to improve the comprehensive development and utilization efficiency of Xanthoceras sorbifolium and to select high-yielding superior germplasm resources suitable for both oil and saponin production，thereby providing high-quality raw materials for the integrated utilization of X. sorbifolium.【Method】A total of fruit traits across 26 superior clones were investigated，including yield traits such as fruit yield per plant，phenotypic traits such as fruit and seed transverse and longitudinal diameters，and chemical traits such as oil composition and saponin content. Principal component analysis was applied for the preliminary selection of superior fruit traits. The multidimensional coordinate comprehensive evaluation cumulative method was used to evaluate fatty acid traits，and the entropy weight method was employed to assess biodiesel-related traits. High-yielding superior clones suitable for the integrated production of edible oil，biodiesel，and saponin were screened based on these analyses.【Result】（1）Among the 26 clones，the coefficients of variation are relatively low for seed kernel oil content，fatty acid fractions，and biodiesel-related traits，whereas they are higher for fruit yield per plant，thousand-kernel weight，and pericarp dry weight. The saponin content shows the highest coefficient of variation（31.67%）.（2）Fruit yield per plant exhibits a highly significant positive correlation with fresh fruit weight. Phenotypic traits such as seed longitudinal and transverse diameters are negatively correlated with oil content and saponin content. Among the unsaturated fatty acid components in the seed kernel oil，all except 13-docosenoic acid（C22：1）and tetracosenoic acid（C24：1）are highly significantly correlated with the degree of fatty acid unsaturation. Iodine value is significantly positively correlated with the degree of fatty acid unsaturation.（3）Based on principal component analysis，three high-saponin，three high-oil，and three high-saponin-high-oil superior clones are selected. From the clones with high comprehensive scores for saponin and oil traits，three superior clones suitable for dual use in saponin and edible oil production and three clones suitable for dual use in saponin and biodiesel production are identified.【Conclusion】Fruit yield per plant and pericarp saponin content in X. sorbifolium show substantial potential for genetic improvement. A close relationship exists between seed kernel oil components and biodiesel-related traits，while notable differences are observed between edible oil and biodiesel trait scores among the evaluated clones.