不同氮磷钾配比施肥对无患子土壤-微生物碳氮磷化学计量特征的影响

刘俊涛, 贾黎明, 张卫华, 龙达, 杨洪炳, 周灵, 岳天泽, 张国庆, 廖焕琴, 曹秋丽

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2) : 225-235.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
PDF(2141 KB)
南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2) : 225-235. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202409016
研究论文

不同氮磷钾配比施肥对无患子土壤-微生物碳氮磷化学计量特征的影响

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Effects of fertilizer application with different ratios of N, P and K on soil-microbial C, N and P stoichiometric characteristics of Sapindus mukorossi

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摘要

【目的】探究不同氮磷钾配比施肥条件下无患子(Sapindus mukorossi)林地土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)和微生物生物量碳(MBC)、微生物生物量氮(MBN)和微生物生物量磷(MBP)含量及其化学计量关系,为无患子种植的养分管理及科学栽培木本油料树种提供理论依据。【方法】以无患子‘媛华’为研究对象,采用“3414”施肥试验区组设计,进行氮(N)、磷(P)和钾(K)不同配比施肥试验[0水平(CK).N、P、K均不施肥;1水平.N肥300 kg/hm2,P肥250 kg/hm2,K肥200 kg/hm2;2水平.N肥600 kg/hm2,P肥500 kg/hm2,K肥400 kg/hm2;3水平.N肥900 kg/hm2,P肥750 kg/hm2,K肥600 kg/hm2]。通过测定林地土壤SOC、TN、TP和MBC、MBN、MBP含量,并计算土壤-微生物碳、氮、磷化学计量比,分析不同施肥处理对无患子‘媛华’林地土壤SOC、TN、TP和MBC、MBN、MBP含量及其化学计量比的影响。结合相关性分析、冗余分析和隶属函数法分析,筛选出对无患子施肥效果较好的配比组合。【结果】较CK处理,不同氮磷钾配比施肥处理下无患子土壤SOC、TN、TP和MBC、MBN、MBP含量分别增加了14.25%~52.61%、3.90%~39.84%、9.52%~150%,6.65%~47.45%、11.84%~46.50%、14.91%~201.98%。回归分析表明,土壤MBC、MBP含量及其MBC/MBP、MBN/MBP的内稳性指数均在0.50~0.75,属于弱敏感型特征;土壤MBN含量的内稳性指数为0.29,属于弱内稳态;C/N的内稳性指数≤0,属于强内稳态。冗余分析表明,土壤SOC和TP含量是影响土壤MBC、MBN、MBP含量及化学计量比的主要因子。相关性分析表明,土壤SOC与TN、TP、C/N、MBC、MBN呈极显著正相关,与N/P呈显著负相关。土壤TP、MBP与MBC呈极显著相关,与C/P、N/P、MBC/MBP、MBN/MBP呈极显著负相关。隶属函数法综合评价分析结果表明,施肥处理以N1P1K2配比组合(N肥300 kg/hm2、 P肥250 kg/hm2、K肥400 kg/hm2)为佳,能不同程度地提高无患子土壤养分含量。【结论】综合分析来看,不同氮磷钾配比施肥明显改变无患子林地土壤MBC、MBN、MBP含量以及其化学计量比特征,其中N1P1K2处理可明显提高微生物对土壤碳素的转化分解,导致有机质和微生物生物量的化学计量比发生变化,进而提高无患子对土壤碳素的固定能力。

Abstract

【Objective】This study aims to investigate the soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) and microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) contents and their stoichiometric relationships under different NPK fertilizer ratios in the Sapindus mukorossi plantation soil, and provide theoretical bases for the nutrient management of the plantation and the scientific cultivation of woody oilseed species.【Method】Using S. mukorossi ‘Yuanhua’ as the research material, the “3414” fertilization test group design was adopted, and different ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilization tests were carried out [0 level(CK): no fertilization of N, P and K; one level: N fertilizer 300 kg/hm2, P fertilizer 250 kg/hm2, and K fertilizer 200 kg/hm2; Two level: N fertilizer 600 kg/hm2, P fertilizer 500 kg/hm2, K fertilizer 400 kg/hm2; Three level: N fertilizer 900 kg/hm2, P fertilizer 750 kg/hm2, K fertilizer 600 kg/hm2]. SOC, TN, TP, and MBC, MBN, MBP content in forest soils were measured.The soil-microbial stoichiometric ratios for carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus were calculated. This study analyzed the effects of different fertilization treatments on the content and stoichiometric ratios of SOC, TN, TP, MBC, MBN and MBP in forest soils of S. mukorossi ‘Yuanhua’. Combined with correlation analysis, redundancy analysis, and membership function analysis.【Result】Compared with CK treatment, fertilization with different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratios had a significant effect on SOC, TN, TP and MBC, MBN and MBP contents of S. mukorossi soils, which increased by 14.25%-52.61%, 3.90%-39.84%, 9.52%-150%, 6.65%-47.45%, 11.84%-46.50% and 14.91%-201.98% compared with CK, respectively. Regression analysis showed that the internal stability indices of MBC, MBP and their MBC/MBP and MBN/MBP were all in 0.50-0.75, which were weakly sensitive characteristics.The internal stability index of MBN was 0.29, indicating weak homeostasis, while that of C/N was ≤0, reflecting strong homeostasis.Redundancy analysis showed that SOC and TP contents were the main factors affecting soil MBC, MBN, MBP contents and stoichiometry. Correlation analysis showed that SOC was highly significantly positively correlated with TN, TP, C/N, MBC, and MBN, and significantly negatively correlated with N/P. Soil TP and MBP were highly significantly correlated with MBC and highly significantly negatively correlated with C/P, N/P, MBC/MBP and MBN/MBP. According to the comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the affiliation function method, the fertilizer treatment with the ration combination N1P1K2(N fertilizer 300 kg/hm2, P fertilizer 250 kg/hm2, and K fertilizer 400 kg/hm2) can improve the soil nutrient content of S. mukorossi in different degrees.【Conclusion】From the comprehensive analysis, different NPK ratios of fertilizer application obviously changed the MBC, MBN and MBP contents of forest soil and their stoichiometric ratio characteristics, and the N1P1K2 treatment could obviously improve the conversion and decomposition of microorganisms on soil carbon, resulting in changes in the stoichiometric ratios of organic matter and microbial biomass, and then improve the ability of S. mukorossi in fixing soil carbon.

关键词

无患子无性系 / 氮磷钾施肥 / 土壤微生物生物量 / 生态化学计量 / 内稳性

Key words

Sapindus mukorossi clones / fertilization of N, P and K / soil microbial biomass / ecological stoichiometry / homeostasis

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刘俊涛, 贾黎明, 张卫华, 等. 不同氮磷钾配比施肥对无患子土壤-微生物碳氮磷化学计量特征的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2026, 50(2): 225-235 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202409016
LIU Juntao, JIA Liming, ZHANG Weihua, et al. Effects of fertilizer application with different ratios of N, P and K on soil-microbial C, N and P stoichiometric characteristics of Sapindus mukorossi[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2026, 50(2): 225-235 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202409016
中图分类号： S723.7   

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国家科技基础资源调查专项(2019FY100803)

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