外来植物入侵的主要入侵假说及研究进展

黄薇; 张敏; 毛岭峰

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202410024

外来植物入侵的主要入侵假说及研究进展

黄薇, 张敏, 毛岭峰

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1) : 284-294.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1) : 284-294. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202410024

综合述评

外来植物入侵的主要入侵假说及研究进展

黄薇 ¹^,² ,
张敏 ¹^,³ ,
毛岭峰 ¹^,²^,^*

作者信息 +

The main hypotheses of alien plant invasion and recent research advances

HUANG Wei ¹^,² ,
ZHANG Min ¹^,³ ,
MAO Lingfeng ¹^,²^,^*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

随着全球经济的高速发展、陆地和海洋利用方式的变化加剧以及人口流动的增加,全球范围内外来入侵植物种的数量持续增加,其引发的生态、经济和人类健康问题也日益严峻。阐明外来植物成功入侵的驱动因素,对于防控外来植物入侵以及治理受入侵生态系统具有重要意义。近年来,一系列关于外来入侵物种入侵机理的假说被陆续提出,主要包括新武器假说、共生促进假说等。笔者基于现有植物入侵理论,梳理了达尔文归化谜团(Darwin’s Naturalization Conundrum)的理论内涵及其研究进展,并从外来植物的入侵特性、入侵植物与生物间的相互作用、本地生境的可入侵性,以及多因素协同作用对植物入侵的影响4个方面进行了综述。最后,在总结当前外来植物入侵研究的基础上,提出了未来应重点加强的方向,即:需更深入地开展多因素协同作用机制研究,推动多学科交叉与技术融合并拓展多尺度动态研究,以全面理解和完善外来植物入侵的复杂机制。

Abstract

With rapid global economic development, intensified changes in land and ocean use, and increased population mobility, the number of invasive alien species (IAS) continues to rise worldwide, posing increasingly severe threats to ecology, economies, and human health. Elucidating the drivers of successful alien plant invasions is essential for preventing and controll plant invasions and for restoring affected ecosystems. In recent years, several hypotheses regarding the mechanisms of IAS invasions have been proposed, including the Novel Weapons Hypothesis and the Mutualism Facilitation Hypothesis. Building upon established theories of plant invasion, this review synthesizes the conceptual foundations and research advancements related to Darwin’s Naturalization Conundrum. It systematically examines four key aspects of plant invasion, including the functional traits of alien plants, their interactions with native biota, the invasibility of local habitats, and the synergistic effects of multiple factors on invasion success. Finally, by identifying current limitations in alien plant invasion research, the review proposes critical future directions: conducting more in-depth investigations into the synergistic interactions among multiple drivers; promoting interdisciplinary integration and technological convergence; and expanding multi-scale dynamic studies. These approaches are vital for achieving a comprehensive understanding and refining the complex mechanisms underlying alien plant invasions.

导出引用

黄薇, 张敏, 毛岭峰. 外来植物入侵的主要入侵假说及研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2026, 50(1): 284-294 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202410024

HUANG Wei, ZHANG Min, MAO Lingfeng. The main hypotheses of alien plant invasion and recent research advances[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2026, 50(1): 284-294 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202410024

中图分类号： S718

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