【目的】揭示带状采伐毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)林分动态特征,为后续探索适用于带状采伐毛竹林的科学管理措施提供参考。【方法】以江苏省宜兴市国有林场毛竹纯林为研究对象进行带状皆伐试验,设置3 块8 m×20 m的采伐样地,在采伐样地两侧设置相同宽度的保留样地,以3 块20 m×20 m传统经营样地做为对照,调查带状采伐5 年内不同处理样地毛竹发笋成竹、新竹质量及土壤养分含量变化动态,采用Pearson相关性分析影响林分特征的土壤养分因子。【结果】①毛竹林伐后第1年,采伐样地发笋数量较保留样地和对照样地增加了71.17%和62.21%,成竹数量增加了38.97%和55.07%。②伐后第1年,新竹平均胸径、平均枝下高、平均竹高均显著低于对照样地(P<0.05);伐后第5年,采伐样地新竹胸径、平均竹高均高于对照,其中,新竹平均枝下高与对照差异显著(P<0.05)。③带状采伐显著降低了采伐样地的土壤全量养分含量(P<0.05),增加了采伐样地和保留样地的速效养分含量,但差异不显著;采伐样地土壤有机碳含量低于对照样地和保留样地,差异不显著。伐后第5年,采伐样地和保留样地土壤养分含量较对照样地均不存在显著差异。④相关性分析表明,采伐样地发笋数量与土壤碱解氮、速效钾含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),成竹数量与土壤碱解氮、速效钾含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05),新竹质量特征与土壤全钾含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。【结论】带状采伐增加了毛竹林发笋、成竹数量,降低了新竹质量,造成土壤全量养分流失,但提高了速效养分含量。随着样地恢复,新竹质量逐渐上升,土壤肥力有所改善。伐后第5年,采伐样地毛竹林林分特征恢复到对照样地水平。

【Objective】This study aimed to examine the dynamic characteristics of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) stands subjected to strip-shaped clear-cutting and to provide insights into the development of appropriate scientific management strategies for moso bamboo forests.【Method】A strip-shaped clear-cutting experiment was conducted in pure moso bamboo stands within the Forest Farm of Yixing, Jiangsu Province. The size of strip-shaped clear-cutting plots (SC) is 20 m×8 m for each. In addition, three reserved plots (RB) of the same dimensions were positioned on both sides of the clear-cutting plots. For comparison, three 20 m ×20 m control plots (CK) were set up under traditional management practices. The study investigated the dynamics of moso bamboo shoot development, the growth of new bamboo, and changes in soil nutrient content across the different treatment plots over five years following the strip-shaped clear-cutting. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to assess the relationship between soil nutrient factors and stand characteristics.【Result】(1) In the first year following clear-cutting, the number of bamboo shoots in the SC plots increased by 71.17% compared with RB and by 62.21% compared to CK, while the number of new bamboo grew by 38.97% in SC relative to RB and 55.07% relative to CK. (2) In the first year, the mean diameter at breast height (DBH), mean height to crown base (CBH), and mean height (H) of new bamboo in SC were significantly lower than those in CK (P<0.05). By the fifth year after clear-cutting, the DBH, CBH, and H of new bamboo in SC surpassed those in CK, with a significant increase in CBH (P<0.05). (3) Strip-shaped clear-cutting significantly reduced the total soil nutrient content in SC plots (P<0.05), while enhancing the content of quick-acting nutrients in both SC and RB plots; however, these differences were not statistically significant. The soil organic carbon content in SC was lower than in CK and RB, although the difference was not significant. By the fifth year after clear-cutting, there was no significant difference in soil nutrient content between SC and RB when compared to CK. (4) Correlation analysis revealed a highly significant negative relationship between the number of shoots in SC and the soil’s alkaline nitrogen (AN) and quick-acting potassium (AP) content (P<0.01). Similary, the number of new bamboo exhibited significant negative correlations with both soil AN and AP content (P<0.05). Conversely, the quality characteristics of the new bamboo were significantly positively correlated with soil total potassium content (P<0.05).【Conclusion】Strip-shaped clear-cutting enhances bamboo shoot density and the formation of new bamboo in moso bamboo forests but negatively impacts the quality of new bamboo. It leads to a reduction in total soil nutrient levels and an increase in quick-acting nutrients. As the bamboo stands recover, the quality of the new bamboo gradually improves, and soil fertility is restored. By the fifth year after clear-cutting, the stand characteristics of the moso bamboo forest in the SC plots return to levels similar to those in the CK plots.