【目的】了解不同覆盖经营模式对雷竹(Phyllostachys violascens ‘Prevernalis’)林土壤性状、N₂O排放和温度敏感性的影响,以制定科学的竹林经营策略,促进竹产业的可持续发展。【方法】选择并测定4种覆盖经营模式[S1.砻糠覆盖8 a后弃耕2 a(施肥8 a);S2.砻糠连续覆盖10 a并考虑竹林年龄比和密度(施肥10 a);S3.砻糠覆盖5 a后弃耕5 a(施肥5 a);CK.无覆盖经营]的雷竹林地不同土层下土壤性状,采用实验室变温培养法测定土壤N₂O的排放速率和温度敏感性(Q₁₀),并估算了N₂O年排放量。【结果】不同覆盖经营模式对雷竹林地土壤理化性质产生了明显影响,覆盖经营降低了[0,10) cm土壤容重,增加pH值和土壤养分,其中S3处理变化最大,土壤含水率(SWC)、有机碳(SOC)及全氮(TN)和全磷(TP)含量均显著高于其他处理。覆盖S1处理下的N₂O排放最为敏感,S1处理的[0,10) cm土层的N₂O累计排放量显著高于其他3种类型,而在[10,20)和[20,30) cm土层,S3处理下的N₂O累计排放量显著高于其他处理。S2、CK处理下的N₂O累计排放量在不同土层间差异不显著;不同覆盖类型的N₂O排放Q₁₀值为1.22~6.38,S1处理的Q₁₀最高,[0,10)和[10,20) cm土层分别为2.84和6.38,CK的Q₁₀最低(1.35和1.22)。S1处理下的[0,10)和[10,20) cm土层N₂O年排放估算量均为所有覆盖经营类型中最大,而S2处理下的[0,10)cm土层的最小;所有处理[0,10)和[10,20) cm土壤N₂O排放速率都与温度呈正相关,与土壤容重(BD)呈显著负相关。不同经营模式下土壤N₂O排放与SOC正相关性最强(R=0.70)。【结论】覆盖经营会增加土壤N₂O排放并增加Q₁₀。相比于其他不连续覆盖经营模式, 合理的种植密度和年龄比下,连续覆盖S2处理具有相对低的N₂O排放量和较高的生产力,是一种环境友好型的可持续竹林经营模式。

【Objective】This study aims to evaluate how different mulching management practices affect soil physicochemical properties, N₂O emissions, and their temperature sensitivity in Lei bamboo (Phyllostachys violascens ‘Prevernalis’) stands. Understanding these effects is crucial for developing sustainable bamboo management strategies that mitigate N₂O emissions and promote the long-term sustainability of the bamboo industry.【Method】Four mulching regimes were examined: rice husk mulching for eight years followed by two years of abandonment, fertilized for eight years (S1); continuous rice husk mulching for ten years under optimized age structure and planting density, fertilized for ten years (S2); rice husk mulching for five years followed by five years of abandonment, fertilized for eight years (S3); and no mulching(CK). Soil physicochemical properties were analyzed across different soil depths. N₂O emission rates and temperature sensitivity (Q₁₀) were determined using laboratory incubation under controlled temperature gradients, and annual N₂O emissions were subsequently estimated.【Result】Mulching management significantly modified soil properties in P. violascens ‘Prevernalis’ stands. Compared with the control, mulching decreased bulk density while increasing soil pH and nutrient contents in the 0-10 cm layer, with the greatest improvements observed under S3. Soil water content (SWC), soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) in S3 were significantly higher than those under other treatments. Among the treatments, S1 showed the highest sensitivity to N₂O emissions, exhibiting significantly greater cumulative N₂O fluxes in the 0-10 cm layer than the other treatments, while S3 had the highest cumulative N₂O emissions in the ≥10-20 and ≥20-30 cm layers. The cumulative N₂O emissions of S2 and CK did not differ significantly across soil depths. The Q₁₀ values of N₂O emissions ranged from 1.22 to 6.38, with the highest under S1 (2.84 and 6.38 in the 0-10 and ≥10-20 cm layers, respectively) and the lowest under CK (1.35 and 1.22). Estimated annual N₂O emissions were also greatest under S1 and lowest under S2 in the 0-10 cm layer. Across all treatments, N₂O emission rates in the 0-10 and ≥10-20 cm layers were positively correlated with soil temperature but negatively correlated with bulk density. SOC showed the strongest positive correlation with N₂O emissions (R = 0.70).【Conclusion】Mulching practices increased both N₂O emissions and their temperature sensitivity (Q₁₀). Among the different management regimes, continuous rice husk mulching (S2) with appropriate stand density and age structure resulted in relatively low N₂O emissions while maintaining high productivity. This indicates that S2 represents an environmentally friendly and sustainable management strategy for P. violascens ‘Prevernalis’ cultivation.