【目的】红豆树小卷蛾(Cydia trasias)是近年来在浙江龙泉地区严重危害红豆树苗木的蛀梢害虫,迄今在南方地区的生物学特性鲜见报道。研究旨在系统解析红豆树小卷蛾的生物学特性及危害规律,评估化学药剂的防治效果,为其科学防控提供理论依据。【方法】系统调查红豆树小卷蛾在幼虫为害期对1、2、3年生红豆树容器苗及6年生林地苗的危害情况与虫口密度。通过室内饲养观察各虫态形态特征、生活史及行为习性。采用不同稀释倍数的8%(体积分数,下同)氯氰菊酯微囊悬浮剂和1.8%阿维菌素乳油进行田间防治试验,分析其防治效果。【结果】红豆树小卷蛾以幼虫钻蛀红豆树枝梢形成中空蛀道,导致顶梢枯萎,单只幼虫可转移为害3~5个小枝;6年生红豆树的虫口密度显著高于幼龄苗(P < 0.05),但各树龄受害率无显著差异(P > 0.05)。红豆树小卷蛾在浙江龙泉地区1年发生4代,以老熟幼虫在蛀道内越冬;翌年4月上旬越冬幼虫开始化蛹,4月下旬越冬代成虫开始羽化;5—11月均可见幼虫危害红豆树,11月下旬第4代幼虫老熟,准备越冬。成虫昼伏夜出,具趋光性,交尾高峰在18:00—19:30,卵多产于嫩枝叶柄基部;8%(体积分数,下同)氯氰菊酯的1 500倍液和3 000倍液的防治效果分别为90.06%和95.82%,1.8%(体积分数,下同)阿维菌素对应的防效分别为86.26%和87.53%,均显著降低虫口密度与受害率(P < 0.001),且两种药剂的2个浓度间防治效果无显著差异。【结论】红豆树小卷蛾在浙江1年发生4代,其为害程度与寄主树龄密切相关。以8%氯氰菊酯微囊悬浮剂1 500倍液田间防治效果最佳,研究结果为红豆树小卷蛾的监测和有效防控提供了重要信息。

【Objective】Cydia trasias is a shoot-boring pest severely damaging Ormosia hosiei seedlings in Longquan, Zhejiang Province. To date, there are few reports on biological characteristics of this insect in South China. In order to provide a basis for the scientific control of C. trasias, its biological characteristics, damage patterns, and chemical control efficacy were studied in present study. 【Method】The damage rate and larval densities across different tree ages (one-, two-, three-year container seedlings, 6-year plantation saplings) were investigated in field. Morphological features, life history, and behavioral traits of C. trasias were studied and recorded through laboratory rearing. Field trials were conducted with 8% cypermethrin microcapsule suspension and 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate at 1 500 × and 3 000 × dilutions to evaluate their efficacy against larvae. 【Result】C. trasias larvae bored hollow tunnels in shoots causing wilting. A single larva could infest three-five shoots. Larval density was significantly higher in six-year-old trees than that in younger seedlings (P < 0.05), but damage rate showed no age-related differences (P > 0.05). C. trasias produced four generations each year, and overwintered as mature larvae in tunnels in Longquan. Overwintered larvae pupated in early April; Adults emerged in late April. Larvae infested trees from May to November, and matured for overwintering by late November with the fourth generation. Adults were nocturnal, phototactic, and mated mainly between 18:00-19:30, laying eggs on tender shoots. Cypermethrin (1 500 × dilution is 90.06%; 3 000×dilution is 95.82%) and abamectin (1 500×dilution is 86.26%; 3 000 × dilution is 87.53%) significantly reduced larval density and damage (P < 0.001), with no efficacy difference between concentrations. 【Conclusion】C. trasias had four generations per year in Zhejiang Province, and the damage level was correlated closely with host age. Cypermethrin (1 500 × dilution) showed optimal field efficacy to control C. trasias. Our findings provide critical insights on monitoring and effective control of C. trasias.