不同营林措施对樟子松林赤松梢斑螟的防治效果

翟信; 孟昭军; 葛于成; 檀明明; 李颜颜; 李欣素; 宗晓东; 迟德富

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202412012

翟信, 孟昭军, 葛于成, 檀明明, 李颜颜, 李欣素, 宗晓东, 迟德富

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5) : 180-188.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5) : 180-188. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202412012

研究论文

不同营林措施对樟子松林赤松梢斑螟的防治效果

翟信 ¹ ,
孟昭军 ¹^,^* ,
葛于成 ²^,^* ,
檀明明 ¹ ,
李颜颜 ¹ ,
李欣素 ¹ ,
宗晓东 ¹ ,
迟德富 ¹

作者信息 +

The control effect of different silvicultural strategies on Dioryctria sylvestrella in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forests

Zhai Xin ¹ ,
Meng Zhaojun ¹^,^* ,
Ge Yucheng ²^,^* ,
Tan Mingming ¹ ,
Li Yanyan ¹ ,
Li Xinsu ¹ ,
Zong Xiaodong ¹ ,
Chi Defu ¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】探讨樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica)林4种营林措施下不同处理方式对赤松梢斑螟(Dioryctria sylvestrella)的防治效果,为寻找一种生态、高效和可持续控制赤松梢斑螟的方法提供实践参考。【方法】在樟子松林共设置4种营林措施、14种处理方式及对照纯林。人工修枝措施包括修枝后1、5、6 a和靠近与远离农田且当年修枝;混交林措施包括杨树(Populus spp.)、云杉(Picea spp.)、红松(Pinus koraiensis)、柠条(Caragana korshinskii)分别与樟子松形成两树种混交林及云杉、红松和樟子松3树种混交林;间伐措施为10%、20%强度间伐樟子松林;不同造林密度措施为3 333和1 111株/hm²的樟子松林;以及各处理方式相应对照,即未做任何处理的、造林密度均为1 667株/hm²的樟子松纯林。通过林间调查各处理林分赤松梢斑螟幼虫数量,统计其虫口密度,分析其防治效果,比较4种营林措施对赤松梢斑螟的调控作用。【结果】人工修枝后1、5、6 a樟子松林对赤松梢斑螟防治效果达48.38%~73.58%;樟子松和杨树混交林(5樟5杨)、樟子松和云杉混交林(6樟4云)、樟子松和红松混交林(6樟4红)及樟子松、云杉、红松混交林(4樟3云3红)对赤松梢斑螟的防治效果达41.72%~77.48%;10%间伐、20%间伐及造林密度3 333和1 111株/hm²等方式对赤松梢斑螟的防治效果达71.23%~84.93%;以上11种营林处理方式下赤松梢斑螟幼虫虫口密度均显著低于对照纯林(P<0.05),而靠近农田与远离农田且当年修枝樟子松林和樟子松-柠条混交林(5樟5柠)对赤松梢斑螟幼虫虫口密度控制作用及其防治效果均较差。【结论】4种营林措施中,11种营林处理方式对赤松梢斑螟有较好的控制效果,防效在41.72%~84.93%;其中,修枝后5 a、修枝后6 a、樟杨混交、樟红混交、樟云红混交、10%间伐、20%间伐、3 333和1 111株/hm²造林密度处理方式防治效果达67%以上。该研究成果可为樟子松林赤松梢斑螟的防治提供实践依据,但在防治赤松梢斑螟时,建议修枝林分应远离农田,减少樟子松与柠条混交(5樟5柠)栽植,注意混交树种的搭配和选择。

Abstract

【Objective】 This study aims to evaluate the control efficiencies of 14 treatment methods under four silvicultural strategies against Dioryctria sylvestrella in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forests, to identify an ecological, efficient, and sustainable control approach for D. sylvestrella. 【Method】 Four silvicultural strategies were implemented, comprising 14 treatment methods and control plots of pure Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forests. The manual pruning strategies included: forests with one, five, and six years after pruning, as well as stands pruned in the current year that were either near or far from agricultural fields. The mixed forest strategies included: two-species mixed forests of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica with Populus spp., Picea spp., Pinus koraiensis, and Caragana korshinskii, respectively, and a three-species mixed forest of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Picea spp. and Pinus koraiensis. The thinning strategies included: Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forests thinned at intensities of 10% and 20%. The strategies of different afforestation densities included two types of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forests with afforestation densities of 3 333 individuals/hm² and 1 111 individuals/hm². Each treatment method, had a corresponding control, which was a pure Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forest without any treatment and with an afforestation density of 1 667 individuals/hm². The number of D. sylvestrella larvae in each treated forest stand, was investigated, and its population density was counted. The control effect was analyzed, and the control effects of the four silvicultural strategies on D. sylvestrella were compared. 【Result】 One, five, and six years after pruning, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantations demonstrated pest control efficacy ranging from 48.38% to 73.58% against D. sylvestrella. In mixed-species plantations, the following combinations showed pest control efficacies ranging from 41.72% to 77.48%: Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica mixed with Populus spp. (number ratio is 5∶5), Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica mixed with Picea spp. (number ratio is 6∶4), Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica mixed with Pinus koraiensis (number ratio is 6∶4), and a tripartite mix of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Picea spp., and Pinus koraiensis number ratio is (number ratio is 4∶3∶3). Silvicultural treatments involving 10% and 20% thinning, as well as afforestation densities of 3 333 individuals/hm² and 1 111 individuals/hm², resulted in pest control efficacies ranging from 71.23% to 84.93%. Among these 11 silvicultural treatments, the larval population density of D. sylvestrella was significantly reduced compared to the control (P<0.05). Conversely, in the current year pruning and mixed plantations of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica with C. korshinskii (number ratio is 5∶5), pest control efficacy was significantly lower, regardless of proximity to agricultural fields. 【Conclusion】The 11 silvicultural treatment methods examined demonstrated effective control of D. sylvestrella, with efficacy rates ranging from 41.72% to 84.93%. Treatments that included five and six years after pruning, mixed planting of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica with Populus spp., mixed planting of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica with Pinus koraiensis, mixed planting of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica with Picea spp., and Pinus koraiensis, thinning at 10% and 20%, and afforestation densities of 3 333 individuals/hm² and 1 111 individuals/hm², all achieved control efficacies exceeding 67%. The results of this study provide a practical basis for controlling D. sylvestrella in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forests. However, pruning should be carried out away from agricultural fields, mixed planting of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica and C. korshinskii (number ratio is 5∶5) should be minimized, and careful species selection should be considered for mixed plantations.

导出引用

翟信, 孟昭军, 葛于成, 等. 不同营林措施对樟子松林赤松梢斑螟的防治效果[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2026, 50(5): 180-188 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202412012

Zhai Xin, Meng Zhaojun, Ge Yucheng, et al. The control effect of different silvicultural strategies on Dioryctria sylvestrella in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forests[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2026, 50(5): 180-188 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202412012

中图分类号： S763

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