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不同光照条件下顶花板凳果的光合特性变化及耐阴性评价
杨欣蕊, 王庆, 李倩, 岳明, 赵雪艳, 白晶茹, 李艳
南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (6) : 162-170.
PDF(1758 KB)
PDF(1758 KB)
不同光照条件下顶花板凳果的光合特性变化及耐阴性评价
Photosynthetic characteristics changes and evaluation on shade tolerance of Pachysandra terminalis under different light conditions
【目的】探究遮阴强度对顶花板凳果(Pachysandra terminalis)的形态特征、生理指标、光合参数,以及叶绿素荧光参数等方面的影响,为顶花板凳果在园林领域中的应用提供理论依据。【方法】以顶花板凳果为试验材料,设置全光照(对照组,CK)、遮阴度30%、65%、85% 4种光照条件,对其形态特征、生理指标、光合参数以及叶绿素荧光参数等进行测定,通过主成分分析和隶属函数法对顶花板凳果耐阴性进行综合评价。【结果】随着遮阴强度的增加,顶花板凳果总叶绿素含量、最大光化学量子产量、PSⅡ活性、电子传输效率,以及光化学淬灭系数均呈增加的趋势;而叶片厚度、叶面积、冠幅、比叶面积、叶片含水率,以及相对电导率则呈现先增大后减小的趋势。各遮阴处理组中,叶长、叶宽、初始荧光,以及非光化学猝灭系数均显著低于对照组。在遮阴度65%条件下,表观量子效率达到最大值,最大净光合速率显著高于其他处理组,光补偿点达到最小值,且此时光饱和点较对照组显著增大。【结论】顶花板凳果是一种耐阴性良好的植物,轻度遮阴可以促进其生长发育,遮阴度为65%较为适宜。
【Objective】This study aims to explore the effects of shading intensity on morphological characteristics, physiological indices, photosynthetic parameters, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Pachysandra terminalis. It provides a theoretical basis for the application of P. terminalis in landscaping.【Method】Taking P. terminalis as the experimental material, four light conditions were set up: full light(control group, CK), 30% shading, 65% shading, and 85% shading. Measurements were taken on its morphological characteristics, physiological indices, photosynthetic parameters, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The shade tolerance was comprehensively evaluated through principal component analysis and the membership function method.【Result】With the increase of shading intensity,the chlorophyll content, maximal quantum yield, PS Ⅱ activity, electron transport rate and photochemical quenching coefficient all showed an increasing trend. Leaf thickness, leaf area, crown width, specific leaf area, leaf water content, and relative conductivity showed an initial increase followed by a decrease. In all shading treatment groups, leaf length, leaf width, initial fluorescence, and non-photochemical quenching coefficient were significantly lower than those in the control group. Under the 65% shading condition, the apparent quantum yield reached its maximum value, the maximum net photosynthetic rate was significantly higher than that in other treatment groups, while the light compensation point reached its minimum value. Additionally, the light saturation point increased significantly compared to the control group.【Conclusion】P. terminalis is a shade-tolerant plant. Mild shading can promote its growth and development, with 65% shading being optimal.
顶花板凳果 / 耐阴性 / 形态指标 / 生理指标 / 光合参数 / 叶绿素荧光参数
Pachysandra terminalis / shade tolerance / morphological characteristics / physiological characteristics / photosynthetic parameter / chlorophyll fluorescence paraments
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【目的】 研究水曲柳(Fraxinus mandschurica)幼苗对不同光照强度的响应及适应机理,为育苗造林和林下天然更新研究提供参考。【方法】 以2年生盆栽水曲柳幼苗为材料进行不同光照处理,1年后测定幼苗在4种强度日光处理(相对光强100%、60%、30%和15%)下的生长、光合生理和水力性状等指标。【结果】 遮阴处理显著影响了水曲柳幼苗的生长、光合和水分生理特性。与60%和30%相对光强处理相比,100%相对光强下水曲柳具有更高的气孔导度(G<sub>s</sub>)、净光合速率(P<sub>n</sub>)、根系水力导度(K<sub>root</sub>)、地上部分水力导度(K<sub>shoot</sub>)和整株水力导度(K<sub>plant</sub>)。随光照强度的减弱,水曲柳的生长速率显著降低,根生物量占比(R<sub>MR</sub>)减少,最大净光合速率(P<sub>n,max</sub>)、光补偿点(L<sub>CP</sub>)和光饱和点(L<sub>SP</sub>)降低,而茎、叶生物量占比(S<sub>MR</sub>、L<sub>MR</sub>)以及表观量子效率(A<sub>QY</sub>)增加;枝条木质部解剖结构在不同光照处理下存在显著差异,相对光强100%处理时的导管密度显著高于相对光强30%和60%处理,而导管直径显著低于30%和60%处理。【结论】 水曲柳幼苗通过调节形态、光合和水分生理特性来适应一定程度的弱光环境,但总体上对光强有较高的需求。水曲柳的光合和水力性状随光照强度的改变都具有较大的可塑性,二者对光照强度梯度变化的响应存在显著耦合关系。这些性状的可塑性响应有利于提高水曲柳幼苗在异质性光环境下的生存适合度,对于其更新阶段在林下不同光照条件下的生存有重要意义。
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Xanthophyll cycle‐related nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), which is present in most photoautotrophs, allows dissipation of excess light energy. Xanthophyll cycle‐related NPQ depends principally on xanthophyll cycle pigments composition and their effective involvement in NPQ. Xanthophyll cycle‐related NPQ is tightly controlled by environmental conditions in a species‐/strain‐specific manner. These features are especially relevant in microalgae living in a complex and highly variable environment. The goal of this study was to perform a comparative assessment of NPQ ecophysiologies across microalgal taxa in order to underline the specific involvement of NPQ in growth adaptations and strategies. We used both published results and data acquired in our laboratory to understand the relationships between growth conditions (irradiance, temperature, and nutrient availability), xanthophyll cycle composition, and xanthophyll cycle pigments quenching efficiency in microalgae from various taxa. We found that in diadinoxanthin‐containing species, the xanthophyll cycle pigment pool is controlled by energy pressure in all species. At any given energy pressure, however, the diatoxanthin content is higher in diatoms than in other diadinoxanthin‐containing species. XC pigments quenching efficiency is species‐specific and decreases with acclimation to higher irradiances. We found a clear link between the natural light environment of species/ecotypes and quenching efficiency amplitude. The presence of diatoxanthin or zeaxanthin at steady state in all species examined at moderate and high irradiances suggests that cells maintain a light‐harvesting capacity in excess to cope with potential decrease in light intensity.
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