【目的】探究江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区生态系统服务价值(ecosystem service value, ESV)对区域社会经济发展的影响,为保护区管理和生态补偿提供科学依据。【方法】基于无人机遥感技术对大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区进行航拍,获取土地利用/覆被类型与实地调查数据,通过调查和解译,分析大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区的土地利用/覆被以及不同植物群落分布情况,测定不同植物、土壤和水的理化参数,运用ArcGIS 10.8分析大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区不同土地利用/覆被的面积,综合考虑大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区实际情况,对大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区生态系统服务进行指标选取,确定评价体系,将无人机解译结果与实测结合,采用市场价值法、影子工程法、旅行费用法、替代伐木法、成果参照法、造林成本法、碳税法及土壤库养分持留法对保护区进行服务功能价值评估。【结果】2017年滩涂、裸地(光滩地)和水域是大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区主要的土地利用/覆被类型,三者面积占比89.40%,滩涂面积最大,占68.46%;第二大土地利用类型为水域,占比11.75%。生态系统服务总价值约为3.998 1×10⁸元,生态系统服务价值从高到低依次为:固碳>休闲旅游>养分循环>水源涵养>大气调节>水质净化>维持生物多样性>科研文化价值>物质生产。不同类型植物群落生态系统服务价值由高到低依次为互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)群落>光滩地>意杨(Populus euramevicana cv. I-214)-刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)群落>芦苇(Phragmites australis)群落>狼尾草(Pennisetum alopecuroides)群落>白茅(Imperata cylindrica)群落>碱蓬(Suaeda glauca)群落>狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)-狼尾草混合群落。【结论】滩涂、裸地和水域是大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区的主要土地利用类型,第一、第二和第三核心区草本优势种分别为狼尾草、芦苇和互花米草。固碳和休闲旅游是保护区主要生态系统服务项目。

【Objective】This study aims to investigate the impact of the ecosystem service value (ESV) of the Dafeng Milu (Elaphurus davidianus) National Nature Reserve on regional socio-economic development, with the goal of providing a scientific basis for reserve management and ecological compensation.【Method】Aerial surveys of the reserve were conducted using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing technology to acquire land use and land cover (LULC) data, complemented by ground-truthing measurements. Through integrated field investigations and image interpretation, the spatial distribution of LULC types and plant communities within the reserve was characterized. Physicochemical parameters of vegetation, soil, and water were systematically measured in situ. Spatial analysis was performed using ArcGIS 10.8 to quantify the areas of different LULC types. Based on the ecological characteristics of the reserve, an ecosystem service evaluation framework was established by selecting localized indicators and integrating UAV-derived data with field measurements. Various methods, including the market value method, shadow project method, travel cost method, replacement cost method, benefit transfer method, afforestation cost method, carbon tax method, and soil nutrient retention method were employed to assess the ecosystem service functions of the reserve.【Result】In 2017, the dominant land use types within the Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve were tidal flats, bare land, and waters, which together accounted for 89.40% of the total area. Tidal flats constituted the largest proportion, covering 68.46%, followed by waters, which accounted for 11.75%. The total ESV of the reserve was estimated at 3.998 1 × 10⁸ CNY, with carbon sequestration being the most significant service. The service values, ranked in descending order, were: carbon sequestration > leisure tourism > nutrient cycling > water conservation > atmospheric regulation > water purification > biodiversity maintenance > scientific and cultural value > material production. The ESV of different plant communities followed by the order: Spartina alterniflora > bare land > Populus euramericana cv. I-214-Robinia pseudoacacia > Phragmites australis > Pennisetum alopecuroides > Imperata cylindrica > Suaeda glauca > Cynodon dactylon-Pennisentum alopecuroides mixed community.【Conclusion】The primary land use types in the reserve are tidal flats, bare land, and waters. The dominant herbaceous species in the first, second, and third core areas are Pennisentum alopecuroides, Phragmites australis, and S. alterniflora, respectively. Carbon sequestration and recreational tourism constitute the main ecosystem services provided by the reserve.