不同植被恢复模式对石漠化地区土壤细菌群落结构和功能的影响

章宇辰; 杨思林; 王妍

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202501005

章宇辰, 杨思林, 王妍

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4) : 217-226.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4) : 217-226. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202501005

第二十八届中国科协年会———全球气候变化下的林草智能设计育种专题（执行主编　曹福亮　范国强　尹佟明　张怀清）
研究论文

不同植被恢复模式对石漠化地区土壤细菌群落结构和功能的影响

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Effects of different vegetation restoration patterns on the structure and function of soil bacterial communities in rocky desertification areas

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文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】研究石漠化地区不同植被恢复模式下土壤细菌的群落结构和功能的差异,探究土壤养分与细菌优势种群的耦合关系,为石漠化地区修复治理提供理论依据。【方法】本研究按土石体积比(1∶3)和坡度(30°)搭建模拟重度石漠化区的试验槽,构建3种重度石漠化地区植被恢复模式[宽叶雀稗(Paspalum virgatum)、黄背草(Themeda triandra)和鸭茅(Dactylis glomerata)],采用Illumina-Miseq高通量测序平台对不同模式下土壤微生物进行16S rRNA测序,归类细菌类别及数目,预测其功能,结合7种土壤理化性质指标(土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、速效磷、全钾、速效钾含量和pH)的测定结果,分析不同植被恢复模式下土壤理化性质及细菌群落结构变化与功能差异。【结果】①植被恢复显著提高土壤有机质、全氮、全钾和速效钾等养分含量(P<0.01)。②植被恢复明显提升了土壤细菌种类和数量,对细菌物种多样性与丰富度表现出明显的促进作用。植被恢复模式之间土壤细菌种类和分布具有一定的相似性,优势细菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota),优势细菌属为鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)和Lechevalieria属。③对微生物优势群落分布影响较为显著的主要驱动因素是土壤pH、有机质、全钾和速效钾含量。④3种植被恢复模式下土壤微生物主要功能为化能异养(chemoheterotrophy)和需氧化能异养(aerobic-chemoheterotrophy)类,其中宽叶雀稗恢复模式相较无植被原土之间的变化最大。【结论】不同植被恢复模式均能显著影响土壤有机质、速效磷与全钾等土壤养分含量,并显著提升土壤细菌群落多样性与丰富度。总体来看,宽叶雀稗与鸭茅两种植被恢复模式表现更优。本研究可为石漠化地区植被恢复后土壤微生物相关研究提供相关理论依据。

Abstract

【Objective】This study investigated the differences in soil bacterial community structure and function under different vegetation restoration modes in rocky desertification areas. It aimed to elucidate the coupling relationships between soil nutrients and dominant bacterial taxa, providing a theoretical basis for the restoration and management of these degraded ecosystems.【Method】Experimental troughs simulating severe rocky desertification conditions were constructed based on a V(soil)∶V(rock) of 1∶3 and a slope of 30°. Three distinct vegetation restoration modes were established within these troughs: Paspalum virgatum, Themeda triandra, and Dactylis glomerata. Soil microbial communities were analyzed using the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform targeting the 16S rRNA gene. Bacterial species were categorized, and their abundances quantified. Bacterial functional profiles were predicted. Concurrently, seven soil physicochemical properties were measured: soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (AP), total potassium (TK), available potassium (AK), and pH. The effects of the different vegetation restoration modes on soil physicochemical properties, bacterial community structure, and predicted functional profiles were then analyzed by integrating the sequencing and soil property data.【Result】(1) Vegetation restoration significantly increased the contents of key soil nutrients, including SOM, TN, TK, and AK (P<0.01). (2) Vegetation restoration markedly enhanced soil bacterial abundance and diversity, indicating a significant positive effect on both species richness and diversity indices. Soil bacterial community composition exhibited a degree of similarity across the different restoration modes. The dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Acidobacteriota, Chloroflexi, and Bacteroidota. The dominant bacterial genera were Sphingomonas and Lechevalieria. (3) The primary drivers significantly influencing the distribution of these dominant microbial communities were soil pH, SOM, TK, and AK. (4) The predominant predicted functional categories for soil microorganisms under all three vegetation restoration modes were chemoheterotrophy and aerobic-chemoheterotrophy.【Conclusion】Different vegetation restoration modes significantly influenced the contents of soil nutrients (SOM, AP, TK) and substantially enhanced the diversity and richness of the soil bacterial community. Overall, the restoration modes employing P. wettsteinii and D. glomerata exhibited superior performance. This study provides a relevant theoretical foundation for microorganism-related research following vegetation restoration in rocky desertification areas.

导出引用

章宇辰, 杨思林, 王妍. 不同植被恢复模式对石漠化地区土壤细菌群落结构和功能的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2026, 50(4): 217-226 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202501005

Zhang Yuchen, Yang Silin, Wang Yan. Effects of different vegetation restoration patterns on the structure and function of soil bacterial communities in rocky desertification areas[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2026, 50(4): 217-226 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202501005

中图分类号： X321;S714

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