科尔沁沙地主要经济树种茎水力功能及木质部组织和纹孔水平解剖结构研究

刘晨明; 郭晶晶; 郝广友; 崔含笑; 宋申豪

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202501014

刘晨明, 郭晶晶, 郝广友, 崔含笑, 宋申豪

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5) : 141-151.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5) : 141-151. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202501014

专题报道Ⅱ：森林生态系统水分调控与水土保持功能（执行主编　张金池　姜姜）

科尔沁沙地主要经济树种茎水力功能及木质部组织和纹孔水平解剖结构研究

刘晨明 ¹^,² ,
郭晶晶 ²^,³ ,
郝广友 ²^,³^,^* ,
崔含笑 ²^,⁴ ,
宋申豪 ²^,⁴

作者信息 +

Stem hydraulic functions and xylem anatomical traits at the tissue and pit levels of the major economic tree species in Horqin Sandy Land

Liu Chenming ¹^,² ,
Guo Jingjing ²^,³ ,
Hao Guangyou ²^,³^,^* ,
Cui Hanxiao ²^,⁴ ,
Song Shenhao ²^,⁴

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】木质部解剖结构特征对植物水分传输功能至关重要。研究内蒙古科尔沁沙地经济树种的木质部解剖特征和水力功能,拟解决以下科学问题:①哪些解剖结构性状决定了该区常见经济树种的水分传导功能和抗逆性?水力功能主要取决于木质部组织水平还是纹孔水平的解剖结构?②经济树种木质部组织水平与纹孔水平解剖结构特征间是否存在协同关系?最终阐明该地区不同经济树种的水分利用策略和抗逆机制。【方法】选取科尔沁沙地中常见的10种木本经济植物,其中6种为散孔材树木,4种为环孔材树木。比较两个功能类群间及同一功能类群内不同种间水力功能和茎木质部解剖结构的差异,并分析了水力功能与解剖结构之间的关系。通过探讨散孔材与环孔材树种在适应干旱环境时水分利用策略的差异,从水力学角度解析经济树种在干旱胁迫环境下的生存策略。【结果】环孔材树种的水分传输效率高于散孔材树种,但气穴化抵抗能力弱于散孔材树种,散孔材的胡伯尔值显著高于环孔材;边材比导率与导管水力直径呈边际显著正相关关系(0.05 < P < 0.10),气穴化抵抗力与导管水力直径呈显著负相关,与导管密度呈显著正相关关系(P < 0.05),但气穴化抵抗力与纹孔水平解剖性状的关系不显著;不同经济树种木质部组织水平导管水力直径与纹孔水平纹孔开口面积、纹孔膜面积以及纹孔开口比例间呈显著负相关关系(P < 0.05)。【结论】科尔沁沙地不同经济树种在水力功能上存在较大差异,特别是在具有散孔材和环孔材的两个功能类群之间;这些水力功能差异主要与物种组织水平的木质部结构有关,而纹孔结构对物种水力安全性的预测能力较弱;木质部导管直径大小与纹孔大小在种间对比时呈解耦关系。

Abstract

【Objective】Xylem anatomical characteristics are crucial for plant hydraulic function. This study investigates the xylem anatomy and hydraulic functions of economic tree species in Horqin Sandy Land to address two key scientific questions: (1) which anatomical structural traits determine the water transport efficiency and stress resistance in these species? Are hydraulic properties mainly governed by tissue-level structure or pit-level anatomy? (2) Does a synergistic relationship exist between tissue-level and pit-level xylem anatomical traits in economic tree species? The findings aim to provide valuable insights into their water use strategies and stress resistance mechanisms.【Method】Ten major economic tree species in Horqin Sandy Land were selected, including six diffuse-porous and four ring-porous species. Hydraulic functions and stem anatomical structures were compared both within and between functional groups. The relationships between hydraulic functions and anatomical characteristics were also examined. By examining divergent water-use strategies between diffuse-porous and ring-porous species in arid environments, this study elucidated hydraulic-based survival strategies of economic tree species under drought stress. 【Result】Ring-porous species exhibited higher water transport efficiency than diffuse-porous species but had lower resistance to cavitation. Diffuse-porous species showed a significantly higher Huber value than ring-porous species. A marginally significant positive correlation was found between sapwood-specific hydraulic conductivity and vessel hydraulic diameter (0.05 < P < 0.10). Cavitation resistance was significantly negatively correlated with vessel hydraulic diameter and positively correlated with vessel density (P < 0.05), while no significant relationship was observed between resistance to cavitation and pit anatomical traits. Vessel hydraulic diameter was negatively correlated with pit aperture area, pit membrane area, and pit aperture fraction (P < 0.05). 【Conclusion】The hydraulic functions of different economic tree species vary substantially, especially between the two functional groups of diffuse-porous and ring-porous species. These hydraulic differences are primarily associated with the xylem structure at the tissue level, while pit structure appears to have limited predictive ability for hydraulic safety. The relationship between xylem vessel diameter and pit size is decoupled when compared across species.

导出引用

刘晨明, 郭晶晶, 郝广友, 等. 科尔沁沙地主要经济树种茎水力功能及木质部组织和纹孔水平解剖结构研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2026, 50(5): 141-151 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202501014

Liu Chenming, Guo Jingjing, Hao Guangyou, et al. Stem hydraulic functions and xylem anatomical traits at the tissue and pit levels of the major economic tree species in Horqin Sandy Land[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2026, 50(5): 141-151 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202501014

中图分类号： S718

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