【目的】针对乡村绿道规划中资源整合不足、空间特征识别不精准的问题,构建融合生态、人文与生产多维度的景观资源识别体系,提出科学的风貌分区方法,为绿道规划优化提供依据。【方法】以安徽省金寨县全域道路网络作为基础研究对象,沿道路设置300、800、1 200 m 3个层次的缓冲区,分析道路对周边景观资源的梯度影响;引入空间约束多元聚类模型(SCMC),结合多源数据与GIS技术,从自然生态、人文活动和农业生产3个维度识别景观资源特征,并基于聚类结果划分主导风貌区。【结果】①生态景观资源聚集于县域南部,呈“南高北低”格局;人文活动资源集中于北部,交通设施资源占比最低;生产景观资源分布差异显著。②乡村绿道形成五大主导风貌片区,区域独立性较强,人文资源分布差异明显。③金寨县绿道可划分为生态型、人文型、生产型及复合型4类风貌区,其中,生态型风貌区以生态保护和旅游功能为主,人文型风貌区侧重文化传承,生产型风貌区凸显农业经济价值,复合型风貌区则实现了人文与生产功能的有机融合。【结论】针对乡村环境复杂性特点,乡村绿道景观特征识别需突破传统单维评价模式,建立多维乡村绿道景观特征识别框架,通过生态廊道构建、文化产业联动及农业生产融合等差异化策略,实现乡村绿道的多功能协同发展与空间优化,为乡村振兴提供科学支撑。

【Objective】To address the insufficient resource integration and imprecise spatial characterization in rural greenway planning, this study establishes a multidimensional landscape resource identification system integrating ecology, culture, and production, and proposes a scientific zoning method for optimizing greenway design.【Method】Using the countywide road network of Jinzhai County, Anhui Province as the primary study object, three buffer distances (300 m, 800 m, and 1 200 m) were established along roads to analyze the gradient effects of roads on adjacent landscape resources. A spatially constrained multivariate clustering model (SCMC) was introduced and integrated with multi-source data and GIS to identify landscape-resource characteristics across three dimensions—natural ecology, cultural activities, and agricultural production—and dominant landscape-character zones were delineated based on the clustering results.【Result】(1) Ecological resources clustered in the southern region, showing a “high-south, low-north” pattern, while cultural resources concentrated in the north with the lowest proportion of transportation facilities, and agricultural resources exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity. (2) Five dominant greenway zones were identified with strong regional independence, particularly in the distribution of cultural resources, and the greenways can be functionally classified into four types—ecological, cultural, production-oriented, and composite—prioritizing, respectively, ecological conservation and tourism/recreation; cultural-heritage transmission; agricultural economic value; and an organic integration of cultural and productive functions. (3) Four functional zones (ecological, cultural, agricultural, and composite) were delineated in Jinzhai County.【Conclusion】In view of the complex nature of rural environments, the identification of rural greenway landscape features should transcend the traditional single-dimensional evaluation paradigm and establish a multidimensional identification framework; through differentiated strategies—such as ecological-corridor construction, culture-industry linkages, and the integration of agricultural production—multifunctional synergy and spatial optimization of rural greenways can be achieved, thereby providing scientific support for rural revitalization.