不同载体微生物肥料对苜蓿生长及土壤养分、酶活性的影响

陈颖; 聂晖; 张金池; 佟庆国; 刘倩倩; 刘鑫; 孙连浩; 张雄飞; 薛仁贵

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202512023

陈颖, 聂晖, 张金池, 佟庆国, 刘倩倩, 刘鑫, 孙连浩, 张雄飞, 薛仁贵

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5) : 209-218.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5) : 209-218. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202512023

研究论文

不同载体微生物肥料对苜蓿生长及土壤养分、酶活性的影响

陈颖 ¹ ,
聂晖 ¹ ,
张金池 ¹^,^* ,
佟庆国 ² ,
刘倩倩 ¹ ,
刘鑫 ¹ ,
孙连浩 ³ ,
张雄飞 ¹ ,
薛仁贵 ¹

作者信息 +

Effects of different carrier microbial fertilizers on alfalfa growth, soil nutrients and enzyme activity

Chen Ying ¹ ,
Nie Hui ¹ ,
Zhang Jinchi ¹^,^* ,
Tong Guoqing ² ,
Liu Qianqian ¹ ,
Liu Xin ¹ ,
Sun Lianhao ³ ,
Zhang Xiongfei ¹ ,
Xue Rengui ¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

【目的】探究由不同载体与植物根际促生菌(plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,PGPR)制备的微生物肥料对植物生长和土壤环境的改良效果,筛选出有效可靠的载体。【方法】通过盆栽试验,制备了以泥炭[peat,p(代号,下同)]、生物炭(biochar,bc)、废蘑菇渣(spent mushroom substrates,sms)、蛭石(vermiculite,ve)、硅藻土(diatomite,di)、蔗渣(bagasse,ba)为载体的苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,NL-11)微生物肥料,并分别设置25、50、100 g/盆 3个施用量,测定不同载体微生物肥料对苜蓿(Medicago sativa)的根系形态、生物量和土壤理化性质及土壤酶活性的影响,以确定发挥最佳效果的微生物肥料载体基质和用量。【结果】与泥炭微生物肥料相比,5种载体微生物肥料均可不同程度地改善紫花苜蓿生长情况及土壤营养环境,废蘑菇渣微生物肥料的应用效果最显著,其对紫花苜蓿生物量的影响最大,显著提升76.25%~149.60%;显著提高土壤pH,增加7.85%~17.89%;对土壤有效磷、铵态氮、硝态氮、全碳、全硫和全磷含量有明显提升;废蘑菇渣微生物肥料还显著地提高土壤多功能性。此外,从不同施肥量的效果比较来看,100 g施用量改善植物生长和土壤环境的效果要优于其他用量。线性回归模型表示土壤多功能性与土壤pH和生物量之间有显著的相关性。相关性分析进一步表明土壤多功能性与生物量、全碳含量及多种养分指标均呈显著的正相关。随机森林模型分析表明,土壤全碳含量是预测植物生物量变化的主要因子。【结论】废蘑菇渣作为载体的菌肥施用在维持土壤多功能性和促进植物生长方面表现优异,可作为传统载体(如泥炭)的有效替代。

Abstract

【Objective】This study aims to evaluate the effects of microbial fertilizers prepared with different carrier materials and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on plant growth and soil environmental improvement, and to identify suitable carrier materials for microbial fertilizer production. 【Method】A pot experiment was conducted using Bacillus thuringiensis (NL-11) as the PGPR strain. Microbial fertilizers were prepared using peat (p), biochar (bc), spent mushroom substrate (sms), vermiculite (ve), diatomite (di), and bagasse (ba) as carrier materials. Three application rates (25 g, 50 g, and 100 g) were tested to determine the optimal carrier and dosage. Root morphology, plant biomass of Medicago sativa, soil physicochemical properties, and soil enzyme activities were measured under different treatments. 【Result】Compared with peat-based microbial fertilizer, microbial fertilizers prepared with the five alternative carriers improved plant growth and soil nutrient conditions to varying degrees. Among them, the spent mushroom substrate-based fertilizer showed the most pronounced effects. Plant biomass increased significantly by 76.25%-149.6%, while soil pH increased by 7.85%-17.89%. The contents of available phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total carbon, total sulfur, and total phosphorus were also significantly enhanced. In addition, the spent mushroom substrate-based fertilizer significantly improved soil multifunctionality. Among the three application rates, 100 g showed the best performance in promoting plant growth and improving soil conditions. Linear regression analysis indicated significant correlations between soil multifunctionality and both soil pH and plant biomass. 【Correlation】 Analysis further revealed significant positive relationships between soil multifunctionality and biomass, total carbon, and several soil nutrient indicators. Random forest analysis showed that soil total carbon was the most important predictor of plant biomass variation.

导出引用

陈颖, 聂晖, 张金池, 等. 不同载体微生物肥料对苜蓿生长及土壤养分、酶活性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2026, 50(5): 209-218 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202512023

Chen Ying, Nie Hui, Zhang Jinchi, et al. Effects of different carrier microbial fertilizers on alfalfa growth, soil nutrients and enzyme activity[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition）. 2026, 50(5): 209-218 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202512023

中图分类号： S144;S714

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