烷基烯酮二聚体(AKD)和烯基琥珀酸酐(ASA)在水中容易发生水解,水解产物在白水中形成阴离子垃圾,且AKD存在施胶度滞后,而ASA需现场乳化。硬脂酰胺乙基环氧丙基氯化铵(SEAC)是一种无施胶滞后且无水解现象的阳离子施胶剂,其首先由二乙烯三胺与硬脂酸脱水缩合形成硬脂酰胺,再经环氧氯丙烷阳离子化制备得到。实验针对原料比和反应动力学参数等进行研究,并通过红外图谱以及固体核磁等方法验证产物的结构。结果表明:当硬脂酸与二乙烯三胺的比例为1.5:1时,反应最高温度控制在160 ℃反应3.5 h得到的硬脂酰胺熔点低于105 ℃,在控制阳离子化的温度为70 ℃下反应2.5 h后,产物的熔点降至70 ℃,且施胶效果最佳。通过红外以及固体核磁共振对SEAC的结构研究及其与AKD应用对比实验,表明SEAC是一种能够克服AKD缺点的潜力广阔的中性造纸施胶剂。
Abstract
Alkyl ketene Dimer(AKD)and Alkenyl succinic Anhydride(ASA)are easily hydrolyzed in water, and the anionic trash was formed by their hydrolysis product. Beyond that, AKD has the problem of sizing hysteresis and ASA need to be emulsified on the spot. Stearylamidoethyl epoxypropyl ammonium chloride(SEAC)is a stable cationic sizing agent without sizing hysteresis. Firstly, diethylenetriamine can form fattymide through amidation reaction with stearic acid. The secondary amine can further form quaternary ammonium after ring open reaction of epichlorohydrin. This paper mainly discussed the material ratio and the reaction kinetics parameters. The molecular structures and composition were identified and examined by IR and C113 NMR. Experimental results showed the melting point of stearamide was lower than 105 ℃ when diethylenetriamine/ stearic acid ratio was 1.5:1 at 160 ℃for 3.5 h reaction time. SEAC whose melting point was about 70 ℃ had good sizing when cationic temperature was at 70 ℃ for 2.5 h. Experimental results demonstrated that SEAC overcamed the disadvantages of AKD and was one kind of great potential sizing agent.
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基金
收稿日期:2013-01-14 修回日期:2013-03-21
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31270614); 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
第一作者:徐媚,硕士生。*通信作者:戴红旗,教授。E-mail: daihq@vip.sina.com。
引文格式:徐媚, 徐梦蝶, 戴红旗,等. 阳离子脂肪酰胺类造纸施胶剂的制备[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2014,38(1):119-124.
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