杨树多代连作对土壤养分特征和生物活性的影响

陈莉莎; 张金池; 陆茜; 司登宇; 卓为君; 李梅花; 李世昌

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2014.05.017

陈莉莎,张金池,陆茜,司登宇,卓为君,李梅花,李世昌

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (05) : 85-90.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (05) : 85-90. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2014.05.017

研究论文

杨树多代连作对土壤养分特征和生物活性的影响

陈莉莎^1,2,张金池^1*,陆茜¹,司登宇¹,卓为君³,李梅花³,李世昌³

作者信息 +

Effects of continuous planting of poplars on soil biological activity and nutrients

CHEN Lisha^1,2, ZHANG Jinchi^1*, LU Qian¹,SI Dengyu¹,ZHUO Weijun³,LI Meihua³,LI Shichang³

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摘要

以江苏丰县大沙河林场杨树多代连作人工林为对象,研究根际、非根际土壤的养分特征、酶活性及微生物数量变化,探讨多代连作对人工林地力的影响。结果表明:①杨树根际土养分含量、土壤酶(脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶)活性以及微生物(真菌、放线菌、细菌)数量均高于非根际土壤,而根际土pH和多酚氧化酶活性则低于非根际土; ②土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性的增强以及微生物数量的增加有利于土壤有机质的累积及多数养分元素的转化,但多酚氧化酶活性越大,养分含量越低; 土壤pH的下降对多数土壤酶活性及微生物有不利影响; 真菌与土壤酶活性的整体相关性要比放线菌和细菌密切; ③杨树多代连作,会造成根际土壤pH相对于非根际的降低,并且逐代连作后根际土壤pH下降更多,而杨树多代连作会造成根际土壤多酚氧化酶活性逐代的升高,还会造成根际土壤中养分、脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶及微生物的逐代减弱,其中有些指标甚至会低于非根际土壤。综上,在江苏丰县应避免杨树连作,可更换品种或进行树种轮栽以缓解连作对地力带来的不利影响,注重维系土壤酶活性和微生物数量水平,同时采取措施减弱土壤的酸化程度。

Abstract

The continuously planted poplar plantations in Dashahe Forest Farm, Fengxian county, Jiangsu province were chosen to study the characteristics of nutrients, soil enzymes and microorganisms in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere. Effects of continuous planting of poplars on the soil fertility of artificial forests were also discussed. The results showed as follows: ① The content of soil nutrient, activity of soil enzymes(urease, invertase, alkaline phosphatase, catalase)and the number of microorganisms(fungi, actinomyces, bacteria)in the rhizosphere were higher than that in the non-rhizosphere, while soil pH value and the polyphenol oxidase activity showed the opposite appearance. ② The enhancement of soil urease, invertase, alkaline phosphatase and catalase activity as well as the increasement of microorganisms were advantageous to the accumulation of soil organic matter and the transformation of nutrient elements. But the greater the activity of polyphenol oxidase was, the lower the content of soil nutrient was. The decline of soil pH value had an adverse effect on the most of the soil enzymes and microorganisms. The correlation between fungi and soil enzyme was closer than it between actinomyces and soil enzyme or bacteria and soil enzyme. ③ Because of the continuous cropping poplar, the rhizosphere soil pH was lower than non rhizosphere soil and continued to reducing with the number of cropping generations. But the polyphenol oxidase gradually increase with the contimous cropping, while the soil nutrients, urease, invertase and alkaline phosphatase, catalase and microorganisms gradually reduced even lower than non rhizosphere soil. In conclusion, continuous planting of poplars should be avoided at Fengxian. The replacement of varieties of poplar or species could be used to alleviate the negative influence of continuous planting. Maintaining the level of soil enzyme and microorganisms should be paid attention to, and measures were taken to decrease the soil acidification at the same time.

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陈莉莎,张金池,陆茜,司登宇,卓为君,李梅花,李世昌. 杨树多代连作对土壤养分特征和生物活性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2014, 38(05): 85-90 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2014.05.017

CHEN Lisha, ZHANG Jinchi, LU Qian,SI Dengyu,ZHUO Weijun,LI Meihua,LI Shichang. Effects of continuous planting of poplars on soil biological activity and nutrients[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2014, 38(05): 85-90 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2014.05.017

中图分类号： S154.5

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基金

收稿日期:2013-04-19 修回日期:2014-04-01
基金项目:国家林业公益性行业科研专项项目(20110468); 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
第一作者:陈莉莎,硕士。*通信作者:张金池,教授。E-mail: nfujczhang@sina.com。
引文格式:陈莉莎,张金池,陆茜,等. 杨树多代连作对土壤养分特征和生物活性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2014,38(5):85-90.