通过实地观测获取南京市路域植被情况数据,对草类、灌木类、乔木类3种不同植被类型图斑形状指数标度-频度关系、自相似分形特征及决定系数进行网格法分析。在此基础上,通过变异矩阵分析、分维计算等方式,对满足分形特征的不同道路和坡向的路域植被进行植被配置合理性、空间异质性和生态稳定性的对比分析和量化考察。应用空间异质性理论与分形理论,将网格法与变异函数法结合,依次分析标度-频度关系、分形特征、空间异质性,准确计算出路域植被的分维指标数据。结果表明:连续的道路路域各植被类型存在标度-频度关系和自相似分形特征,分维指标可以准确定量地评价路域生态系统的空间异质性与生态稳定性。
Abstract
In this paper,road-region data of selected urban roads in Nanjing city was collected by means of field survey. The pots shape index scale-frequency relation,the self-similar fractal characteristics and the determination coefficient of three vegetation types of grass,shrubs and trees were analyzed with grid method. Based on the analytical results,the road-region vegetation ecosystem accorded with the fractal characteristics was studied by means of semi-variogram analysis and fractal dimension calculation. The rationality of vegetation arrangement,the spatial heterogeneity and the ecosystem stability of vegetation were analyzed comparatively and quantitatively for different road-region and slope directions. In this paper,the fractal and spatial heterogeneity theories were applied to study the vegetation landscape of the road-region ecosystem. The grid method and the semi-variogram method were combined to apply to the analysis. The scale-frequency relation,fractal characteristic and spatial heterogeneity was analyzed. These leaded to an accurate calculation result of fractal index of road-region vegetation. The result showed that the pots shape index scale-frequency relation and self-similar fractal characteristics existed in continuous road-region vegetation. Fractal dimension could accurately and quantitatively value the spatial heterogeneity and ecosystem stability of road-region ecosystem.
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 赵德龙,刘万共,赵凤良.道路绿化[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006.
[2] 王冠,芦建国.南京市道路绿化植物调查及分析[J].江苏林业科技,2011,38(4):11-17.
Wang G,Lu J G. Investigation and analysis on road greening plants in Nanjing[J]. Journal of Jiangsu Forestry Science & Technology,2011,38(4):11-17.
[3] 朱晓华.地理空间信息的分形与分维[M].北京:测绘出版社,2007.
[4] 谢昧思,赵尘.基于分形理论的路域生态系统恢复研究初探[J].森林工程,2012,28(1):52-55.
Xie M S,Zhao C. Preliminary study of road field heterogeneity ecological restoration based on fractal theory[J]. Forest Engineering,2012,28(1):52-55.
[5] 祖元刚,马克明,张喜军.植被空间异质性的分形分析方法[J].生态学报,1997,17(3):333-337.
Zu Y G,Ma K M,Zhang X J.A fractal method for analysing spatial heterogeneity of vegetation[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,1997,17(3):333-337.
[6] 李哈滨,王政权,王庆成.空间异质性定量研究理论与方法[J].应用生态学报,1998,9(6):651-657.
Li H B,Wang Z Q,Wang Q C. Theory and methodology of spatial heterogeneity quantification[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,1998,9(6):651-657.
[7] 王政权.地统计学及在生态学中的应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[8] 王政权,王庆成,李哈滨.红松老龄林主要树种的空间异质性特征与比较的定量研究[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(6):718-723.
Wang Z Q,Wang Q C,Li H B. Characteristics and comparison of spatial heterogeneity of the main species of Korean pine in old growth forests[J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2000,24(6):718-723.
[9] 杜华强.森林排列空间结构分形地统计描述及其与热场之间的关系研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2005.
Du H Q. Fractal and geo-statistics characterization of forest arrangement spatial structure and its relationship with thermal field[D]. Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2005.
[10] 陈灿.福州市城市绿地结构与异质性研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2006.
Chen C. Study on the structure and heterogeneity of the urban green space in Fuzhou[D]. Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,2006.
[11] 柳锦宝,姚云军,张永福.基于分维的多尺度植被空间格局分析[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(1):155-158.
Liu J B,Yao Y J,Zhang Y F. The analysis of multi-scale spatial patterns of vegetation based on fractal geometry[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(1):155-158.
[12] Alados C L,Aich A E,Komac B,et al. Self-organized spatial patterns of vegetation in alpine grasslands[J]. Ecological Modelling,2007,201:233-242.
[13] Qian Y B,Wu Z m,Wang Z C,et al.Relationship of spatial heterogeneity for vegetation and aeolian sand soil properties on longitudinal dunes in Gurbantunggut Desert,China[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences,2012,69(6):2027-2036.
[14] 彭勇,孙立军.基于分形理论沥青混合料均匀性评价方法[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2007,39(10):1656-1659.
Peng Y,Sun L J. Evaluating asphalt mixture homogeneity based on fractal theory[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2007,39(10):1656-1659.
[15] 朱晓华.中国主要地貌与地质灾害的空间分维及其关系研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2002.
Zhu X H. The study on the relationship between landform or geological hazard and spatial fractal dimension of China[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing Normal University,2002.
基金
收稿日期:2013-11-05 修回日期:2014-02-20
基金项目:江苏省研究生培养创新工程项目(CXZZ11-0522,CXLX13-523); 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
第一作者:谢昧思,硕士。*通信作者:赵尘,教授。E-mail: czh@njfu.edu.cn。
引文格式:谢昧思,赵尘. 基于分形理论的路域植被生态系统空间异质性研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2014,38(6):81-86.
PDF(1696737 KB)
