浙江舟山岛不同林分类型的水质效应

吴初平; 叶激华; 黄玉洁; 朱锦茹; 沈爱华; 袁位高; 江波

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2015.04.013

浙江舟山岛不同林分类型的水质效应

吴初平,叶激华,黄玉洁,朱锦茹,沈爱华,袁位高,江波

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (04) : 75-80.

PDF(1639789 KB)

国家林草科技领军期刊
中国精品科技期刊
中国高校百佳科技期刊
江苏省新闻出版政府奖期刊奖
RCCSE林学权威期刊（A+）
CSCD核心期刊
Scopus数据库收录期刊
中文核心期刊
SCD核心期刊

作者加群：102861116

微信公众号：南京林业大学学报

高级检索

PDF(1639789 KB)

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (04) : 75-80. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2015.04.013

研究论文

浙江舟山岛不同林分类型的水质效应

吴初平¹,叶激华²,黄玉洁¹,朱锦茹¹,沈爱华¹,袁位高¹,江波¹

作者信息 +

Effects of different forest types on water quality in Zhoushan Island, Zhejiang Province

WU Chuping¹, YE Jihua², HUANG Yujie¹, ZHU Jinru¹, SHEN Aihua¹, YUAN Weigao¹, JIANG Bo¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为尽快恢复松材线虫病迹地的森林植被,充分发挥其生态功能,对浙江省舟山岛不同林分类型的降水、穿透水、树干径流、枯透水和土壤渗透水中的pH、Cl^-、NO^-₃、SO^2-₄、Na⁺、Mg²⁺和K⁺等水质指标进行了检测。结果表明:①大气降水透过林冠层形成穿透水和树干径流后,pH持续下降,而Cl^-等离子含量均有增加。枝叶与树干表面的吸附物是影响穿透水和树干径流水质的关键。②枯透水的pH大幅提高,说明枯落物层对水的pH具有较大的调节功能。SO^2-₄含量有所下降,说明枯落物层对SO^2-₄具有较大的吸附作用,而其他离子含量则有所提高,特别是NO^-₃和K⁺提高幅度较大,说明枯枝落叶经过微生物分解,NO^-₃和K⁺再次被水分淋洗出来。③相比枯透水,土壤渗透水的pH变化不大,Cl^-、SO^2-₄、K⁺含量大幅下降,说明土壤层对Cl^-、SO^2-₄、K⁺吸附较多。④阔叶林和混交林内水分的pH略高,枯落物层和土壤层是森林生态系统净化水质的关键所在。由于阔叶树枯枝落叶比针叶树更易分解,阔叶林中枯落物层和土壤层对离子的吸附能力超过针叶林,说明阔叶林和混交林净水能力更强。

Abstract

In order to restore forest vegetation destroyed by pine wilt disease, make full use of its’ ecological function, water samples including atmospheric precipitation, through fall, stem flow, litterthrough and soil solution were collected from different type stand in Zhoushan Island. The pH and several ions such as Cl^-, NO^-₃, SO^2-₄, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, and K⁺ of water quality index were detected. The results showed that: ① pH value decreased and contents of several ions increased in the process of the atmospheric precipitation forming throughfall and stem flow, thus adsorbate on the surface of branches, leaves and stems was the most important factor. ② pH value significantly increased in the process of through fall and stemflow forming litterthrough, therefore, litter layer has large regulation function on pH value. SO^2-₄ content decreased, so we could draw a conclusion that litter layer had a large adsorption effect on SO^2-₄. Other ions contents increased, especially for NO^-₃ and K⁺, the reason was that NO^-₃ and K⁺ in the litter layer by microbial decomposition were leached out. ③ pH values of litterthrough and soil solution were close, but content of Cl^-, SO^2-₄ and K⁺ decreased significantly in the process of litterthrough forming soil solution. It could be concluded that soil layer had a larger adsorption effect on Cl^-, SO^2-₄, and K⁺. Therefore, the litter layer and soil layer were the most important for purifing water of forest ecological system. ④ pH value of water in broad-leaved forest and mixed forest was slightly higher than other forest types. Broadleaf litter was more prone to decompose than conifer, the ion adsorption efficiency of litter layer and soil layer in broad-leaved forest was higher than that of conifer, so that we could conclude that water purification efficiency of the broad-leaved forest and mixed forest was higher than coniferous forest.

引用本文

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

导出引用

吴初平,叶激华,黄玉洁,朱锦茹,沈爱华,袁位高,江波. 浙江舟山岛不同林分类型的水质效应[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2015, 39(04): 75-80 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2015.04.013

WU Chuping, YE Jihua, HUANG Yujie, ZHU Jinru, SHEN Aihua, YUAN Weigao, JIANG Bo. Effects of different forest types on water quality in Zhoushan Island, Zhejiang Province[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2015, 39(04): 75-80 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2015.04.013

中图分类号： S718.5

参考文献

[1] 陈步峰,周光益,骆土寿,等.流溪河水源林流域径流水化学含量及评价[J].北京林业大学学报,1998,20(4):111-117.Chen B F, Zhou G Y, Luo T S, et al. Study on the hydrochemistry and appraising of runoff in the forest watershed of Liuxihe [J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 1998, 20(4): 111-117.
[2] 任青山,王景升,张博,等.藏东南冷杉原始林不同形态水的水质分析[J].东北林业大学学报,2002,30(2):52-54.Ren Q S, Wang J S, Zhang B, et al. Water quality analyses of different water states of fir origin forests in southeast Tibet [J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2002,30(2): 52-54.
[3] 陈步峰,陈勇,尹光天,等.珠江三角洲城市森林植被生态系统水质效应研究[J].林业科学研究,2004,17(4):453-460.Chen B F, Chen Y, Yin G T, et al. Study on the water quality of urban forest ecogystem in the Pearl River Delta [J]. Forest Research, 2004, 17(4): 453-460.
[4] Balestrini R, Tagliaferri A. Atmospheric deposition and canopy exchange process in alpine forest ecosystems(North Italy)[J]. Atmos Environ, 2001, 35(36): 6421-6433.
[5] Rodrigo A, àvila A, Rodà F. The chemistry of precipitation, through fall and stem flow in two holm oak(Quercus ilex L.)forests under a contrasted pollution environment in NE Spain [J]. Sci of Total Environ, 2003, 305(1-3): 195-205.
[6] 蒋益民,曾光明,张龚,等.森林降水化学的变化特征和机理[J].环境污染与防治,2003,25(5):271-276.Jiang Y M, Zeng G M, Zhang G, et al. Variation of chemical properties and the mechanisms of the forested precipitation [J]. Environmental Pollution and Control, 2003, 25(5): 271-276.
[7] 李德生,张萍,张水龙,等.黄前库区经济林土壤水文效益研究[J].水土保持研究,2004,11(1):141-143.Li D S, Zhang P, Zhang S L, et al. Study on soil hydraulic effect of economic forest in Huangqian Reservoir Area [J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2004, 11(1): 141-143.
[8] 张光灿,夏江宝,王贵霞,等.鲁中花岗山区人工林土壤水分物理性质[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(6):44-48.Zhang G C, Xia J B, Wang G X, et al. Study on soil moisture physical characteristics of artificial forest in Granite Mountainous Region [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2005, 19(6): 44-48.
[9] 王伟,张洪江,李猛,等. 重庆市四面山林地土壤水分入渗特性研究与评价[J]. 水土保持学报,2008,22(4):95-99. Wang W, Zhang H J, Li M, et al. Research and evaluation on infiltration characteristic of forest soil in Simian Mountain of Chongqing [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2008, 22(4): 95-99.
[10] 许景伟,李传荣,夏江宝,等.黄河三角洲不同林分类型的土壤水文特性[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(1):173-176.Xu JW, Li C R, Xia J B, et al. Soil hydrological properties of different forest types in lowlands of the Yellow River Delta [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2009, 23(1): 173-176.
[11] 张胜利,李光录.秦岭火地塘森林生态系统不同层次的水质效应[J].生态学报,2007,27(5):1 838-1 844.Zhang S S, Li G L. The effects of different components of the forest ecosystem on water quality in the Huoditang forest region, Qinling Mountain Range [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(5): 1838-1844.
[12] 刘楠,王玉杰,王云琦,等.亚热带缙云山典型林分不同层次水化学效应[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2013,21(2):236-248.Liu N, Wang Y J, Wang Y Q, et al.Hydrochemical effects of typical forest stands at different spatial levels in Jinyun Mountain,Subtropical Region [J]. Journal of Basic Science and Engineering, 2013, 21(2): 236-248.
[13] 毛玉明,吴初平,袁位高,等.钱塘江源头典型森林类型不同层次的水质效应[J].浙江林业科技,2013,33(5): 31-34.Mao Y M, Wu C P, Yuan W G, et al. Study on the spatial variation characteristics of different forest layer on water quality by an instigation on the typical forest in the headwater region of Qiantang River [J]. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology, 2013, 33(5): 31-34.
[14] 王国明,赵颖,陈斌,等.浙江舟山岛松材线虫入侵后松林群落的自然演替和特征[J].林业科学,2011,47(3):124-132.Wang G M, Zhao Y, Chen B, et al. Natural succession and characteristics of pine communit after the invasion of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in Zhoushan Islands of Zhejiang Province [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2011, 47(3):124-132.
[15] 吴初平,叶激华,张骏,等.松材线虫入侵后黑松林分结构特征的变化[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2013,37(5):81-86.Wu C P, Ye J J, Zhang J,et al. The variation of stand structure of Pinus thunbergii forest after the invasion of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus [J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Sciences Edition, 2013, 37(5):81-86.
[16] Potter C, Ragsdale H, Swank W. Atmospheric deposition and foliar leaching in a regenerating southern Appalachian forest canopy [J]. Journal of Ecology, 1991(79): 97-115.
[17] 樊后保. 杉木林截留对降水化学的影响[J].林业科学,2000,36(4):2-8.Fan H B. Effects of canopy interception by Chinese fir forests on precipitation chemistry [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2000, 36(4): 2-8.
[18] 曹洪法,王玮,高映新,等. 森林冠层对酸雨的反应及其影响[J].中国环境科学,1989,9(2):81-86.Cao H F, Wang W, Gao Y X, et al. Response of forest canopy to acidic precipitation and its effects [J]. China Environmental Science, 1989, 9(2): 81-86.
[19] 唐常源,王翌. 湿地松人工林中降雨对养分物质的淋溶影响[J].植物生态学与地植物学学报,1992,16(4):379-383.Tang C Y, Wang Y. The effects of the partitioning of rainfall on the nutrients leaching processes in slash pine artificial forest [J]. Acta Phytoecologica Et Geobotanica Sinca, 1992, 16(4):379-383.
[20] 周国逸,小仓纪雄. 酸雨对重庆几种土壤中元素释放的影响[J].生态学报,1996,16(3):251-257.Zhou GY, Ogura N O. The influences of acid rain of the liberation of several elements from various soil types in Chongqing [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 1996, 16(3): 251-257.
[21] 田大伦,项文化,杨晚华. 第2代杉木林幼林生态系统水化学特征[J].生态学报,2002,22(6):859-865.Tian D L, Xiang W H, Yang W H, et al. Nutrient characteristics of hydrological process in young second rotation Chinese fir plantations [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2002, 22(6): 859-865.
[22] 程伯容,许广山,高世东. 森林林冠对酸性降水化学组成的影响[J].中国环境科学,1989,9(2):155-157.Cheng BR, Xu G S, Gao S D. Biogeochemical response of forest canpies to acid precipitation [J]. China Environmental Science, 1989, 9(2): 155-157.
[23] 佐佐朋幸,俊藤和秋,长谷川浩一,等.盛岡市周辺の代表的森林における林内雨,林外雨,樹幹流の酸性度ならびにその溶存成分[J].森林立地,1991,32(2):43-58.Sassa T, Gotoo W, Hasegawa K, et al. Acidity and nutrient elements of the rain fal1, throughfall and stemflow in the typical forests around Morioka City, Iwate Pref., Japan-Characteristic pH value of the stemflow in several tree species[J]. Japanese Journal of Forest Environment, 1990, 32(2): 43-58.
[24] 松浦陽次郎,堀田庸,荒木诚.関東地方におけるスギ林表層土壌のpH低下[J].森林立地,1990,32(2):65-69.Matsuura Y, Horida Y, Araki M. Surface soil pH depression of Cryptomeria japonica forests in Kanto district [J]. Japanese Journal of Forest Environment, 1990, 32(2): 65-69.
[25] 松浦陽次郎.樹幹流と土壌の酸性化の実態[J].森林立地,1992,34(1):20-25.Matsuura Y. Stemflow and soil acidification [J]. Japanese Journal of Forest Environment, 1992, 34(1): 20-25.
[26] 衣华鹏,张鹏宴,毕继胜,等.烟台海岸防护林的生态环境效应与景观生态建设[J].海洋科学,2008,32(2):69-73.Yi H P, Zhang P Y, Bi J S, et al. The effect on eco-environment and construction of landscape ecology of coastal shelterbelt system of Yantai [J]. Marine Sciences, 2008, 32(2): 69-73.
[27] 村野健太郎.酸性雨と酸性霧[M].東京:裳華房,1993.
[28] 陈顺伟,高智慧,岳春雷,等.盐雾胁迫下杜英等树种生理特性的变化[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2003,27(5):11-14.Chen S W, Gao Z H, Yue C L,et al. Dynamics of salt fog-tolerant physiological characteristics of 11 tree species [J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University: Natural Sciences Edition, 2013, 37(5):81-86.
[29] 梁翠萍,张胜利.秦岭锐齿栎林和油松林林冠层对大气降雨水质的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2011,39(2):53-56.Liang CP, Zhang S L. Effects of forest canopies of Quercus aliena var.acuteserrata and Pinus tabulaeformis stands on rain water quality in Qinling Mountain Range [J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2011, 39(2): 53-56.
[30] 唐晓芬,王云琦,王玉杰,等.重庆酸雨区缙云山典型林分冠层酸雨淋洗特征[J].林业科学研究,2013,26(5):548-553.Tang X F, Wang Y Q, Wang Y J, et al.Canopy leaching characteristics of typical forests during acid rain at Jinyun Mountains, Chongqing [J]. Forest Research, 2013, 26(5): 548-553.
[31] 王静,由文辉,石珺,等.天童常绿阔叶林树干径流中硝态氮特征[J].内蒙古大学学报:自然科学版,2008,39(4):440-445.Wang J, You W H, Shi J, et al.Nitrate nitrogen of stem flow of evergreen broad-leaved forest in Tiantong [J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia University, 2008, 39(4): 440-445.
[32] 刘菊秀,张德强,周国逸,等.鼎湖山酸沉降背景下主要森林类型水化学特征初步研究[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(8):1223-1228.Liu J X, Zhang D Q, Zhou G Y, et al. A preliminary study on the chemical properties of precipitation, throughfall, stemflow and surface rurr off in major forest types at Dinghushan under acid deposition [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, 14(8):1223-1228.
[33] 方运霆,莫江明,Gundersen Per,等.森林土壤氮素转换及其对氮沉降的响应[J].生态学报,2004, 24(7):1523-1531.Fang Y T, Mo J M, Gundersen Per, et al. Nitrogen transformations in forest soils and its responses to atmospheric nitrogen deposition: a review [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2004, 24(7):1523-1531.
[34] 王青山,何利平.土壤有机质与氮素供应的相关关系[J].山西林业科技,2003(S):25-27.Wang Q S, He L P. Relations between the manure and nitrogen supply in the soil [J]. Shanxi Forestry Science and Technology, 2003(S): 25-27.
[35] 王代长. 酸化土壤表面离子的反应动力学[M]. 郑州:黄河水利出版社,2009.
[36] 刘世海,余新晓.北京密云水库库区水源涵养林冠层水文特征研究[J].林业科学, 2005,41(1):194-197.Liu S H, Yu X X.Hydrological properties of the canopy of water resource protection stands in the Miyun Reservoir Watershed, Beijing [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinecea, 2005, 41(1):194-197.

基金

收稿日期:2014-07-10 修回日期:2014-12-26基金项目:浙江省林科院森林生态科技创新团队项目(2011R50027) 第一作者:吴初平,副研究员,博士。E-mail: wcp1117@hotmail.com。引文格式:吴初平,叶激华,黄玉洁,等. 浙江舟山岛不同林分类型的水质效应[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(4):75-80.