为了研究花粉母细胞减数分裂染色体的异常行为以及胞质分裂过程中微管骨架变化,利用液氮冷冻压片法和间接免疫荧光结合DAPI染色法,对胡杨花粉母细胞减数分裂过程中染色体行为和微管骨架进行了观察。结果表明:①胡杨花粉母细胞减数分裂前期Ⅰ同源染色体联会结合松散,在终变期可以观察到单价体; 中期Ⅱ存在平行纺锤体、三极纺锤体以及融合纺锤体; 后期Ⅰ以及后期Ⅱ可观察到落后染色体。②三极纺锤体以及融合纺锤体与未减数2n花粉比率呈正相关,说明三极纺锤体和融合纺锤体会导致FDR(first division restitution)型2n花粉的产生。③前期Ⅱ存在胞质分裂提前现象,可导致SDR(second division restitution)型2n花粉形成。④后期Ⅱ纺锤体微管缺失致使姊妹染色体单体分离后不移向两极,保留在同一子核内,这可能是形成SDR型2n花粉的另一种机制。
Abstract
In order to analyze abnormal behaviors of chromosomes during meiosis and abnormal organization of microtubule during meiosis and cytokinesis, and find a new method to illustrate unreduced 2n pollen formation, indirect immunofluorescence microscopy with DAPI staining was conducted to observe the microtubule cytoskeleton pattern and chromosomes behavior during meiosis and cytokinesis in Populus euphratica. The results indicated that: ① During the prophase stage of meiosis, the paired homologous chromosomes combined, loosely, with univalent at diakinesis. Parallel spindle, tripolar spindle and fused spindle could also been found, at metaphase Ⅱ Lagging chromosomes could be observed at anaphaseⅠand anaphaseⅡ. ② Positive correlations between frequency of 2n pollen and rate of tripolar spindle and fused spindle were found, which suggested that tripolar spindle and fused spindle could result in FDR-typed 2n pollen formation. ③ Prematurely cytokinesis was observed at prophaseⅡ, which resulted in SDR-typed 2n pollen formation in Populus euphratica. ④ Due to lack of spindle microtubule in one daughter cell at anaphaseⅡ, the chromatids do not migrated to the poles instead of retaining in the daughter cell and forming a SDR-typed 2n pollen.
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基金
收稿日期:2014-01-26 修回日期:2014-09-08
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31370659)
第一作者:赵晨光,硕士生。*通信作者:张平冬,副教授,博士。E-mail: zhangpd@bjfu.edu.cn。
引文格式:赵晨光,李燕杰,张平冬,等. 胡杨未减数2n花粉形成的细胞学机制[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(6):40-44.
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