大型露天矿山生态破坏与环境污染损失的评估

李海东; 沈渭寿; 贾明; 张涛

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2015.06.020

李海东,沈渭寿,贾明,张涛

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (06) : 112-118.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (06) : 112-118. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2015.06.020

研究论文

大型露天矿山生态破坏与环境污染损失的评估

李海东¹, 沈渭寿¹, 贾明², 张涛³

作者信息 +

Economic losses assessment for ecological destruction and environmental pollution in large-scale opencast mine

LI Haidong¹, SHEN Weishou¹, JIA Ming², ZHANG Tao³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

矿产资源开发中生态环境损失的定量评估是矿山环境保护政策制定的重要基础。基于评估指标体系的可操作性,从防护性成本、生态破坏造成的农林生产损失、生态破坏造成的生态服务功能损失、环境污染造成的农作物减产损失、环境污染造成的人体健康损失、恢复治理成本等6个方面,构建了大型露天矿山生态破坏与环境污染损失评估框架,并以三道庄矿山为例,利用遥感技术获取研究区2005—2009年的土地利用与生态破坏数据,结合野外调查和资料整理获得的环境污染相关数据,动态评估了三道庄露天矿山生态破坏与环境污染的损失。评估结果表明,三道庄露天矿山开采4年间共造成经济损失10 716.1万元。建立的评估框架可在加强矿山生态保护与恢复工作中指导矿山生态破坏与环境污染损失的评估。

Abstract

Quantitative assessment of eco-environmental losses caused by mineral resource development is an important foundation for the formulation of environment protection policy. However, there isn't a workable approach to evaluate the losses of mine eco-environmental damage, yet. This paper established a framework for the losses assessment of ecological destruction and environmental pollution of opencast mine from six aspects, i.e., protective cost, agricultural and forestry production losses caused by ecological destruction, loss of ecosystem services caused by ecological destruction, crop production loss caused by environmental pollution, human health loss caused by environmental pollution, and restoration and governance cost. Then, by using Sandaozhuang opencast mine as an example, the economic losses of ecological destruction and environmental pollution of Sandaozhuang mine was assessed during the period of 2005-2009, based on the indicators system, variations of land use and ecological destruction data, environment pollution data collected by field survey and document analysis. The results showed that the total losses of Sandaozhaung opencast molybdenum ore mine was 107.161 million yuan during the past four years. These results could be made as an important reference for the economic losses assessment of ecological destruction and environmental pollution of mine. They would provide a guideline to strengthen mine environmental management in China, too.

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李海东,沈渭寿,贾明,张涛. 大型露天矿山生态破坏与环境污染损失的评估[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2015, 39(06): 112-118 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2015.06.020

LI Haidong, SHEN Weishou, JIA Ming, ZHANG Tao. Economic losses assessment for ecological destruction and environmental pollution in large-scale opencast mine[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2015, 39(06): 112-118 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.2015.06.020

中图分类号： X821 X37

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基金

收稿日期:2014-09-20 修回日期:2015-05-28
基金项目:国家科技基础性工作专项重点项目(2014FY110800); 国家环保公益性行业科研专项项目(200909061)
第一作者:李海东,副研究员。E-mail: lihd2020@163.com。
引文格式:李海东, 沈渭寿, 贾明,等. 大型露天矿山生态破坏与环境污染损失的评估[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(6):112-118.