水质净化功能强弱对保障流域水质及流域社会经济可持续发展具有重要的意义。笔者基于Landsat TM/ETM+遥感解译数据,利用InVEST模型对2000—2010年贵州省珠江流域水质净化功能进行了分析。结果表明:①林地、耕地和草地是该流域主导地类,三者合计占土地总面积的98.00%以上。10年间,林地、草地、建设用地、水域面积增加,耕地面积降低。耕地转为林地和草地最为突出,分别转移1 002和713 km2,而未利用地无变化。②整个流域N、P平均输出量和平均保持量分别下降6.67%和4.99%,N、P平均输出量表现为北盘江和红水河水系>南盘江和柳江水系,N、P平均保持量表现为南盘江和北盘江水系>红水河水系>柳江。10年间,四大水系大部分的小流域N、P平均输出量和平均保持量减少,仅有小部分小流域N、P平均输出量和平均保持量增加。分析认为,土地利用格局空间异质性以及退耕还林还草工程是影响该流域水质净化功能时空特点的主要因素。
Abstract
Water purification function plays an important role in ensuring water quality in the whole basin and has great significance to sustainable economic and social development. Based on the remote sensing data of Landsat TM/ETM+, this paper explored the change of water purification function from 2000 to 2010 in the Pearl River basin in Guizhou Province using the InVEST model. The results showed that: ① the forest land, arable land and grassland dominated the land use types. Areas of these land use types accounted for more than 98.00% of the total area. Areas of forestland, grassland, built-up land and water body increased while the area of arable land declined. The 1 002 and 713 km2 declined arable land converted into forestland and grassland, respectively. The unused land remained unchanged. ② The average outputs and retentions of nitrogen(N)and phosphorous(P)in the whole basin decreased by 6.67% and 4.99%, respectively. The average outputs of N, P in Liujiang and Nanpanjiang basins were less than that in Beipanjiang and Hongshuihe basins. The average retentions of N, P in each basin showed that Nanpanjiang and Beipanjiang basins>Hongshuihe basin>Liujiang basin. The average outputs and retentions of N, P decreased in most part of the basin. The average outputs and retentions of N, P increased in a few parts of the basin. The spatial heterogeneity of land use pattern and the Green for Grain Project are the main factors affecting the spatial and temporal characteristic of water quality purification function in the basin.
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基金
收稿日期:2015-09-06 修回日期:2015-12-14
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41563007); 贵州省环境科学教学团队项目(黔教高[2012]426号)
第一作者:韩会庆(hhuiqing2006@126.com),讲师,博士。*通信作者:罗绪强(xuqiangluo@163.com), 教授,博士。
引文格式:韩会庆,罗绪强,游仁龙,等. 基于InVEST模型的贵州省珠江流域水质净化功能分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(5):87-92.
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