Abstract: In order to find the relationship between arborous layer productivity and the climatic factors, sixteen Pinus tabulaeformis plots were chosen as study area in the natural forests and plantations of Songshan Nature Reserve. The arborous layer biomass and productivity in past 33 years were counted by measuring ring width of the natural forests and plantations. Correlations were analyzed between productivity and climatic factors including temperature and precipitation, and then equation analysis between productivity and climatic factors along time series were built. During the past 33 years, the annual mean productivity of nature forests were 3.72 t/(hm²·a), arborous layer biomass increased from 50.52 t/hm² in 1980 to 173.23 t/hm² in 2013; and the annual mean productivity of plantations were 3.23 t/(hm²·a), arborous layer biomass increased from 7.74 t/hm² in 1980 to 114.49 t/hm² in 2013. Productivity of natural forests significantly positively correlated with the temperature in August of previous year and February of current year. The natural forests productivity also positively correlated with the precipitation in June significantly. Productivity of plantations positively correlated with the temperature in January and February significantly, and significantly positively correlated with the precipitation in May. Results showed that the productivity of the natural forests was mainly affected by the annual mean temperature and the precipitation from May to July, the mean temperature from January to April was the dominant factor affecting the plantations productivity.