5个观赏海棠品种光合特性的研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201609014

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2017, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (04): 64-70.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201609014

5个观赏海棠品种光合特性的研究

武启飞^{1, 2},范俊俊^{1, 2},赵明明^{1, 2},周婷¹,李千惠¹,张丹丹¹,张往祥^{1, 2*}

1.南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京 210037;
2.扬州小苹果园艺有限公司,江苏扬州 225200

出版日期:2017-08-18 发布日期:2017-08-18
基金资助:
收稿日期:2016-09-05 修回日期:2017-03-27
基金项目:江苏省农业科技自主创新项目[CX(14)2029]; 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
第一作者:武启飞(540275603@qq.com)。*通信作者:张往祥(malus2011@163.com),副教授。
引文格式:武启飞,范俊俊,赵明明,等. 5个观赏海棠品种光合特性的研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(4):64-70.

Study on photosynthetic characteristics of five ornamental crabapple

WU Qifei^{1, 2}, FAN Junjun^{1, 2}, ZHAO Mingming^{1, 2}, ZHOU Ting¹, LI Qianhui¹, ZHANG Dandan¹, ZHANG Wangxiang^{1, 2*}

1. Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
2.Yangzhou Crabapple Horticulture Co., Ltd.,Yangzhou 225200, China

Online:2017-08-18 Published:2017-08-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究观赏海棠光合生理特性与生长之间的关系,为有效引种和培育不同需光特性的观赏海棠新品种提供理论依据。【方法】以5个生长速度不同的观赏海棠品种(‘薄荷糖'、‘百夫长'、‘玛丽波特'、‘长虹'和‘丽莎')1年生嫁接苗为试材,对其生长指标及其光合日变化规律和光响应曲线进行测定。【结果】①生长速度的快慢与最大净光合速率(P_n,_max)的大小呈显著正相关,生长越快,P_n,_max越大; 5个品种P_n,_max大小顺序依次为:‘丽莎'>‘长虹'>‘玛丽波特'净光合速率>‘百夫长'>‘薄荷糖'。②‘玛丽波特'净光合速率日变化规律呈双峰型,这种“光合午休”现象是由气孔限制因素所引起,而其他4个品种的日变化均呈单峰型。③各海棠品种光补偿点(P_LCP)均大于20 μmol/(m²·s),表现为阳性植物特征,但其需光性不同,P_LCP的范围为27～67 μmol/(m²·s),光饱和点P_LSP的范围为574～976 μmol/(m²·s)。其中‘丽莎'为低P_LCP高P_LSP类型,属于对光环境适应性强的品种,表现出较高的生长量,可栽植的地区比较广泛。‘薄荷糖'为高P_LCP低P_LSP的类型,属于对光环境适应性较窄的品种,表现出较低的生长量,可栽植地区的范围比较窄。【结论】5个观赏海棠品种的生长量指标和最大净光合速率(P_n,max)之间呈显著正相关,因此,笔者认为,可以将P_n,_max作为早期估测观赏海棠生长量的参考指标之一,以指导观赏海棠的良种推广应用、生产实践及新品种选育等。

Abstract: 【Objective】The present study investigated the relationship between the photosynthetic physiology and growth of ornamental crabapples, in order to provide a theoretical basis for effectively introducing and cultivating new varieties of ornamental crabapple with different light-demand characteristics. 【Method】The diurnal variation law of photosynthesis and light response curve of 1-year-old specimens from five ornamental crabapple cultivars with various growth speeds(Malus ‘Candymint', ‘Centurion', ‘Rainbow', ‘Mary Potter', and ‘Lisa')were measured. 【Results】①Growth rate was significantly positively correlated with the maximum net photosynthetic rate(P_n,max), with both growth rate and P_n,max increasing as follows: ‘Lisa' > ‘Rainbow' > ‘Mary Potter' >‘Centurion' > ‘Candymint'. ②Meanwhile, the diurnal variation of ‘Mary Potter' was “bimodal”(i.e., “midday depression”), which was caused by stomatal limitation, whereas the diurnal variation of the other four varieties was “single peak”. ③The light compensation points(P_LCP)of different crabapple varieties were higher than 20 μmol/(m²·s), which showed positive plant characteristics. However, theirs light requirement were different, P_LCP range was 27-67 μmol/(m²·s), and light saturation point(P_LSP)ranged from 574 to 976 μmol/(m²·s). Among the five cultivars, ‘Lisa' possessed a low P_LCPand high P_LSP, indicating strong adaptability to light conditions, a high growth rate, and the ability to reach a wide range of areas, and ‘Candymint' possessed a high P_LCP and low P_LSP, indicating relatively weak adaptability to light conditions, a low growth rate, and a narrow range of cultivable areas. 【Conclusion】There was a significant positive correlation between the growth index and maximum net photosynthetic rate(P_n,max)of the five ornamental crabapple cultivars. We suggest that P_n,_max can be used as an indicator of the early growth of ornamental crabapples, and to guide the application of breeding varieties of crabapple, production practices and new varieties of breeding.

中图分类号:

Q945.11

武启飞,范俊俊,赵明明,等. 5个观赏海棠品种光合特性的研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2017, 41(04): 64-70.

WU Qifei, FAN Junjun, ZHAO Mingming, ZHOU Ting, LI Qianhui, ZHANG Dandan, ZHANG Wangxiang^{1, 2*}. Study on photosynthetic characteristics of five ornamental crabapple[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2017, 41(04): 64-70.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201609014.

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5个观赏海棠品种光合特性的研究

Study on photosynthetic characteristics of five ornamental crabapple

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