【目的】针对《中国观赏竹》、《The Bamboos of the World》等重要专著中广泛使用的翠竹、铺地竹以及黄条金刚竹拉丁学名存在有误问题,校正翠竹、铺地竹和黄条金刚竹这3种地被竹的拉丁学名,并补充描述此3种地被竹的花部特征。【方法】对南京林业大学竹园中翠竹、铺地竹和黄条金刚竹的开花样地进行调查,分别测量这3种地被竹盛花期小穗的长度、小花数、小穗轴长度,并在体视显微镜下拍照记录各竹种花器官的形态。【结果】根据3个竹种花器官的形态特征,认为翠竹、铺地竹的花器官形态特征符合苦竹属(Pleioblastus)花特征描述,如花序的类型、小穗的形态、雄蕊的数量等。与赤竹属(Sasa)有较大差异,如花序着生位置、小花外稃形态、雄蕊数量等; 黄条金刚竹的花器官形态与东芭竹属(Sasaella)(也称支笹属)花形态描述一致,表现在花序顶生、小穗具柄、小穗轴节间密被毛、雄蕊 6、花柱1、柱头 3、羽毛状,颖果。而与苦竹属(Pleioblastus)许多特征差异较大,如花序着生位置、雄蕊的数目等。【结论】翠竹、铺地竹的花器官形态特征不符合Sasa花特征,而符合苦竹属花特征描述。因此,宜将翠竹和铺地竹的拉丁学名订正为Pleioblastus pygmaeus 和Pleioblastus argenteastriatus。黄条金刚竹的花器官形态与Pleioblastus不符,而与东芭竹属(Sasaella)花形态描述一致。因此,将黄条金刚竹的学名订正为Sasaella kongosanensis ‘Aureostriatus’。
Abstract
【Objective】 The scientific names for Sasa pygmaeus, Sasa argenteastriatus, Pleioblastus kongosanensis ‘Aureostriatus’ are widely used in the monographs like Chinese Ornamental Bamboos, The Bamboos of the World. However, the classifications of the genus are wrong. In this paper the scientific names for the three dwarf bamboo species were revised and their floral traits were described. 【Method】 The sample plots of flowering Pleioblastus pygmaeus(former S. pygmaeus), Pleioblastus argenteastriatus(former S. argenteastriatus)and Sasaella kongosanensis ‘Aureostriatus’(former Pleioblastus kongosanensis ‘Aureostriatus’)were surveyed in bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University. Counting and recording the length of spikelet and rachilla, the number of florets of the three dwarf bamboos were measured and the characteristics of their floral organs were observed in detail under Stereomicroscope. 【Result】According to the morphological characteristics, both Pleioblastus pygmaeus and Pleioblastus argenteastriatus are similar with Pleioblastus, such as the type of inflorescences, the morphology of spikelets, the number of stamens and so on. While Pleioblastus pygmaeus and Pleioblastus argenteastriatus differ a lot from the Sasa in the floral morphological characteristics like the position of inflorescences, the lemma, the number of stamens. The flower organs of Sasaella kongosanensis ‘Aureostriatus’ include terminal inflorescence, spikelets with pedicel, rachilla internodes covered with hair, stamens 6, style 1, plumose stigmas 3, caryopsis. These flower morphology descriptions are greatly different from the ones of Pleioblastus. 【Conclusion】 Flower morphology for Pleioblastus pygmaeus and Pleioblastus argenteastriatus are corresponding to the Pleioblastus instead of Sasa, so the correct scientific names for them are Pleioblastus pygmaeus and Pleioblastus argenteastriatus. And the flower morphology for Sasaella kongosanensis ‘Aureostriatus’ are corresponding to Sasaella instead of Pleioblastus. So the scientific name is corrected into Sasaella kongosanensis‘Aureostriatus’.
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基金
基金项目:“十三五”重点研发计划(2016YFD0600901); 国家林业局推广项目([2014]41号); 江苏省科技支撑计划(农业)重点项目(BE2016304); 国家自然科学基金项目(31000294); 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
第一作者:林树燕(lrx@njfu.com.cn),副教授,博士。*通信作者:丁雨龙(ylding@vip.163.com),教授,博士。
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