【目的】对江西山区油茶成林在春梢生长末期大、中、微量营养元素进行诊断,总结各元素在此时期的施肥范围,指导油茶林地在春季的科学施肥。【方法】以江西省20个县的油茶成林叶片为对象,运用DRIS指数法,对春季叶片的9 种养分(N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn)进行营养诊断。【结果】 春季江西油茶林N、P、Mg、Fe 相对缺乏,K、Ca、Cu、Zn、Mn 相对充足; 春季油茶树体需肥顺序为 Fe>P>N>Mg>Mn>Ca>Zn>K>Cu。利用高产组叶片养分浓度制定了相应的养分诊断标准,即各养分的适宜含量范围为:N,12.728～17.793 g/kg; P,0.715～1.045 g/kg; K,6.950～9.728 g/kg; Ca,4.876～8.909 g/kg; Mg,1.270～2.414 g/kg; Cu,1.219～3.918 mg/kg; Zn,11.485～16.393 mg/kg; Fe,0.096～0.221 g/kg; Mn,0.707～2.840 g/kg。【结论】江西油茶成林叶片中如果某一元素含量不在相应适宜范围,说明这种元素在油茶体内过量或缺乏。在春季为油茶林施加氮肥和磷肥的同时,应该注意补充铁肥。
Abstract
Abstract: 【Objective】 In this study, we measured the microelements of Camellia forest in Jiangxi mountains during the growth period of spring shoots. The concentration of micronutrients in the fertilizer was summarized; the special fertilizer for Camellia oleifera was accordingly produced. 【Method】We used the DRIS index method to analyze nine nutrient elements(N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn)in leaves of C. oleifera in 20 counties of the Jiangxi Province.【Result】 The results showed that N, P, Mg and Fe levels were low, while K, Ca, Cu, Zn and Mn levels were adequate. The order of nutrients required for production of tree fertilizer was Fe > P > N > Mg > Mn > Ca > Zn > K > Cu. According to the nutrient concentration in the leaves of the high yield group, the corresponding nutrient diagnostic criteria were established: N, 12.728-17.793 g/kg; P, 0.715-1.045 g/kg; K, 6.950-9.728 g/kg; Ca, 4.876-8.909 g/kg; Mg, 1.270-2.414 g/kg; Cu, 1.219-3.918 mg/kg; Zn, 11.485-16.393 mg/kg; Fe, 0.096-0.221 g/kg; and Mn, 0.707-2.840 g/kg. 【Conclusion】When the element concentration is not in its corresponding range, it is either in excess or absent in the tree. During spring, nitrogen and phosphorus should be applied to C. oleifera. Iron supplementation should also be considered.
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基金
基金项目:赣鄱英才“555”工程项目(2016)
第一作者:胡国珠(66198808@qq.com),高级工程师。*通信作者:高伟(kunshanyu123@163.com),助理研究员,博士。
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