Abstract: 【Objective】The aim of this study was to explore the effects of rhizobium inoculation methods on Ormosia henryi seedlings.【Method】We designed a potting test that included four inoculation methods: soaking the seed, soaking the radicle, mixing rhizobium liquid with the seed, and pouring rhizobium liquid, which non-inoculated rhizobium as a control. We observed the root morphology and quantity of nodules, and determined some indexes that relate to growth, physiology, and biochemistry as well as nitrogen fixation. 【Result】The result showed that the roots of the seedlings were loose, soft and appear khaki, most of the young nodules are spherical and appear yellowish-brow, and most nodules grew from the lateral root. The quantity and quality of nodules were significantly different among the different inoculation methods; the seedlings inoculated by pouring rhizobium showed a higher number and weight of nodules and a higher nodulation rate than those by other methods, and the seedlings inoculated by soaking the radicle were second highest. The growth indices of Ormosia henryi seedlings with nodules were bigger than that of the control. Compared to the control, the height, ground diameter, and biomass of seedlings treated by four inoculation methods increased by 11.48%-29.51%, 3.21%-26.61% and 36.30%-148.18%, respectively; the total root length, total root surface area, average root diameter, total root volume, and root tip number increased by 70.62%-139.39%, 74.70%-140.97%, 164.28%-200.00%, 75.00%-250.00% and 28.03%-167.42%, respectively. The physiological and biochemical indices of seedlings with nodules by different inoculation methods showed significant difference. Under the pouring rhizobium method, the chlorophyll content, nitrate nitrogen content, nitrate reductase activity, and root activity were significantly higher than those seen in other treatments. The total nitrogen content, hemoglobin content, total nitrogen content, and nitrogen fixation rate of inoculated seedling leaves were significantly higher than those without inoculated rhizobium, and the nitrogen fixation effect in the seedlings inoculated by pouring rhizobium liquid and soaking the radicle were higher than those in the other treatment groups.【Conclusion】The most suitable methods of inoculation are soaking the roots of germination seeds and irrigating the Ormosia henryi seedlings using rhizobium liquid when nodules grow on the seedlings.