沼液施肥对滨海盐碱地土壤性状的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201706064

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (05): 91-98.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201706064

沼液施肥对滨海盐碱地土壤性状的影响

孙芹菊,凌玮,韩建刚,林少华,李萍萍^*

南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏南京 210037

出版日期:2018-09-15 发布日期:2018-09-15
基金资助:
收稿日期:2017-06-28 修回日期:2018-02-05 基金项目:江苏省农业科技支撑计划项目(BE2013382); 江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(16)1003-8) 第一作者:孙芹菊(123940299@qq.com),博士生。*通信作者:李萍萍(ppli@njfu.edu.cn),教授。

Effects of biogas slurry application on the coastal saline-alkali soil properties

SUN Qinju, LING Wei, HAN Jiangang, LIN Shaohua, LI Pingping^*

College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037,China

Online:2018-09-15 Published:2018-09-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】分析沼液对滨海盐碱土土壤性状的影响,以及改良土壤的生产应用效果。【方法】在江苏省东台市选择滨海盐碱土,设置了大田周年3茬沼液肥种植试验,沼液喷施和浇施总量分别为0(CK)、65、101、138、175、211和260 m³/hm²,并种植花椰菜以验证土壤性状改良效果。【结果】对滨海盐碱土壤施用适量的沼液(65～268 m³/hm²),土壤pH从8.45降至7.90左右,EC值也从478 μS/cm降至150 μS/cm左右,土壤有机质从1.5 g/kg升至约2.0 g/kg。土壤全氮和有效磷含量也得到较好保持或恢复。改良土壤上的花椰菜生长状况良好,与CK处理相比,花椰菜产量增加、品质提高:不同施用方式下,花椰菜产量存在差异,单茬浇施用量为每小区25.2 L(84 m³/hm²)时,产量最高可达29 236.5 kg/hm²; 单茬喷施用量为每小区31.2 L(104 m³/hm²)时,产量最高可达23 628.0 kg/hm²。另外,施用沼液后,对花椰菜可溶性糖和Vc含量提高具有明显促进作用。【结论】沼液可以改良滨海盐碱土壤性状,有助于降低土壤的pH和EC值,改善土壤的酸碱度,提高或恢复土壤的肥力。沼液可以代替常规肥料用于盐碱地花椰菜的生产,浇施沼液效果好于喷施,单茬沼液的理想施用量范围为84～104 m³/hm²。

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was conducted to investigate the effects of biogas slurry application on the coastal saline-alkali soil properties and the performance of ameliorated soil for agricultural production. 【Method】 Three annual vegetable crops were cultivated by using a biogas slurry in coastal saline-alkali land located in Dongtai, Jiangsu Province, with a total biogas slurry application of 0(CK), 65, 101, 138, 175, 211 and 268 m³/hm² for both pouring and spraying. The effects of soil improvement on agricultural production were verified by growing cauliflower. 【Result】 When the appropriate amount of biogas slurry was applied, i.e., soil pH value decreased from approximately 8.45 to 7.90, EC value decreased from approximately 478 μS/cm to 150 μS/cm, and organic matter content increased from approximately 65 to 268 g /kg. Total nitrogen content and available phosphorus content were also well maintained or recovered. Cauliflower grew well in ameliorated soil. In contrast to CK treatment, both yield and quality of cauliflower increased. Cauliflower yields under different treatments differed greatly. For pouring, the highest yield was 29 236.5 kg/hm² when 25.2 L per plot(84 m³/hm²)of biogas slurry was applied for a crop of cauliflower cultivation. Meanwhile for spraying, the highest yield was 23 628.0 kg/hm² when 31.2 L per plot(104 m³/hm²)was applied. Biogas slurry application could increase the contents of soluble sugar and Vc. 【Conclusion】 In general, the application of a biogas slurry can improve coastal saline-alkali soil properties, help to decrease soil pH and EC values, ameliorate soil acidity and alkalinity, and improve or restore soil fertility. Biogas slurry can be used for cauliflower cultivation in saline-alkali soil instead of conventional fertilizer. The effects of pouring are generally better than those of spraying, and the ideal amount of biogas slurry application ranges from 84-104 m³/hm² for a crop of cauliflower cultivation.

中图分类号:

S156

孙芹菊,凌玮,韩建刚,等. 沼液施肥对滨海盐碱地土壤性状的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 42(05): 91-98.

SUN Qinju, LING Wei, HAN Jiangang, LIN Shaohua, LI Pingping. Effects of biogas slurry application on the coastal saline-alkali soil properties [J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2018, 42(05): 91-98.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201706064.

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沼液施肥对滨海盐碱地土壤性状的影响

Effects of biogas slurry application on the coastal saline-alkali soil properties

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