美国薄荷嫩枝扦插繁殖及生根机理研究

韦东山; 张秋良; 常金宝

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201801045

美国薄荷嫩枝扦插繁殖及生根机理研究

韦东山,张秋良,常金宝

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (05) : 39-45.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (05) : 39-45. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201801045

研究论文

美国薄荷嫩枝扦插繁殖及生根机理研究

韦东山,张秋良^*,常金宝

作者信息 +

A study on mechanism of propagation and shoot cutting of Monarda didyma

WEI Dongshan, ZHANG Qiuliang^*, CHANG Jinbao

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摘要

【目的】对美国薄荷进行嫩枝扦插繁殖系统研究,分析其多因素优化繁殖条件及生根机理,为寒旱地区城市森林地被植物的扦插繁殖技术研究提供理论基础和技术借鉴。【方法】通过嫩枝扦插正交试验,确定美国薄荷最优繁殖条件组合; 进行形态学、解剖学及生理学研究,揭示插穗生成不定根的组织学起源、生根类型及其营养物质代谢基本规律、植物酶保护系统对有害物质动态消长变化的响应机制等。【结果】美国薄荷嫩枝扦插优化繁殖条件最优水平组合为A₂B₁C₂D₃(即基质为V_蛭石:V_草炭土=7:3,插穗采枝条顶部,长度为10 cm, ABT生根粉含量为1 000 mg/kg),其根系成团率为100%,成团时间为23d; 不同插穗部位对根系成团率的影响最大; 根原基类型属于诱生根原基,生根方式为混合型生根,但愈伤组织的形成与不定根的产生彼此独立; 可溶性蛋白质含量、POD酶、SOD酶同MDA含量动态变化呈显著或极显著相关关系。【结论】嫩枝扦插适用于美国薄荷的繁殖; 植物扦插生根的难易程度并不完全取决于是否具有潜伏根原始体,而决定于植物本身的生物学遗传特性和扦插关键技术正确运用等综合因素; 可溶性蛋白质及植物酶保护系统在逆境胁迫下对有害物质动态变化的响应机制,对根原基和愈伤组织的形成起到了重要作用。

Abstract

【Objective】Identify the optimum multi-factor combination for propagation and the mechanism of rooting of shoot cutting propagation of Monarda didyma, with the goal of providing the theoretical basis and technical support for shoot cutting propagation of ground cover plants as applied in urban forests of cold and arid regions.【Method】Based on the orthogonal test of shoot cutting propagation, the optimized multi-factor combination for propagation was determined. Anatomical and physiological studies, as well as a morphological study of M. didyma were conducted to reveal the histologic origin of adventitious roots, rooting type, the basic law of nutrient metabolism, and the response of protective enzymes against the dynamic fluctuation of harmful substances.【Result】The optimal combination for shoot cutting propagation of M. didyma was A₂B₁C₂D₃(the substrate with the ratio of the vermiculite and peat soil is 7:3 and the cutting taken from the top with length 10 cm, ABT concentration to 1 000 mg/kg)with 100% root balls forming within 23 d. Different positions of cuttings on the branch substantially affected root ball forming rate. The root primordia originated by the induced pattern, and the mixed rooting mode produced the roots. The callus formations on the cutting base were independent from adventitious root production. There were significant and highly significant correlations between the dynamic variation contents of soluble protein, POD, SOD and MDA.【Conclusion】Shoot cuttings is suitable for the propagation of M. didyma. Crucial factors of shoot rooting were not totally dependent upon the existence of root primordium in the cutting slips, which should be a plant hereditary character and dependent upon use of key techniques. The response mechanism of soluble proteins and the plant enzyme protection system to the dynamic changes in harmful substances under stress played an important role in the formation of root primordium and the callus.

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韦东山,张秋良,常金宝. 美国薄荷嫩枝扦插繁殖及生根机理研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2018, 42(05): 39-45 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201801045

WEI Dongshan, ZHANG Qiuliang, CHANG Jinbao. A study on mechanism of propagation and shoot cutting of Monarda didyma[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2018, 42(05): 39-45 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201801045

中图分类号： S682 Q945.1

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基金

收稿日期:2018-01-26 修回日期:2018-09-08 基金项目:国家林业公益性行业科研专项项目(200804.27-03); 内蒙古自治区应对气候变化及低碳发展专项项目(内发改环资字[2016]615号) 第一作者:韦东山(wdsh0812@sina.com),讲师,博士。*通信作者:张秋良(18686028468@163.com),教授,博士生导师。