【目的】杨树是我国平原地区种植面积最大、木材产量最高的速生用材树种之一,如何做到适地适树,提高杨树人工林的产量和质量,是生产中需要解决的关键技术问题。综合评价杨树无性系间的生长和力学性能,可为长江中下游地区筛选杨树优良无性系提供依据。【方法】在对美国引进的104个美洲黑杨无性系和3个对照无性系进行初步评价的基础上,选择17个生长较优良的25年生无性系,分析其生长性状、木材基本密度、抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量和顺纹抗压强度。【结果】所研究的17个无性系间在生长性状、木材基本密度、抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量和顺纹抗压强度等方面存在极显著差异; 木材基本密度与抗弯弹性模量和顺纹抗压强度之间存在显著正相关关系,力学性质各指标间也存在极显著线性相关。综合评价表明,无性系‘NL-95’、S371、S313和‘I-69’属于低强度、中低品质材,其他13个无性系都属于低强度、高品质材。【结论】所研究的17个无性系中,从美国引进的S3239和S3312两个无性系的综合表现最好,适合在长江中下游地区作为用材林推广应用。
Abstract
【Objective】 Poplar is one of the tree species that have the highest wood yields and the largest planting area in China. However, how to match the clones to the site and further improve its wood production and quality are the key issues that need to be solved. The purpose of this study was to provide technical support for selecting fast-growing and high-quality poplar clones in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. 【Method】 Based on a preliminary assessment of 104 Populus deltoides clones introduced from the United States and 3 control clones, 17 superior 25-year-old poplar clones were selected to compare growth traits, wood basic density, bending strength, modulus of elasticity(MOE)and compressive strength parallel to grain. 【Result】 There were significant differences in growth traits, wood basic density, and mechanical properties(bending strength, MOE and compressive strength parallel to grain)among the 17 poplar clones investigated. Both MOE and compressive strength parallel to grain were significantly and positively correlated with wood basic density, and a significantly positive correlation was also observed among the mechanical properties measured. A comprehensive assessment indicated that Clones ‘NL-95’, S371, S313, and ‘I-69’ were low-intensity and middle-low quality woods, but the other 13 clones were low-strength and high-quality woods. A positive cor-relation between density and mechanical properties was identified. 【Conclusion】 Clones S3239 and S3312 introduced from the United States showed better growth volume and mechanical properties than other clones, and are most suitable for planting in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
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基金
收稿日期:2018-04-21 修回日期:2018-06-25
基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0600402)
第一作者:吕义(1445503611@qq.com)。*通信作者:方升佐(fangsz@njfu.edu.cn),教授,博士。
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