氮素形态对‘凤丹’表型性状、光合及产量的影响

刘曙光; 段佩玲; 张利霞; 段祥光; 郭丽丽; 刘伟; 侯小改

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201810010

刘曙光,段佩玲,张利霞,段祥光,郭丽丽,刘伟,侯小改

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (04) : 161-168.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (04) : 161-168. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201810010

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氮素形态对‘凤丹’表型性状、光合及产量的影响

刘曙光^1,2,段佩玲³,张利霞^1,2*,段祥光^1,2,郭丽丽^1,2,刘伟^1,2,侯小改^1,2*

作者信息 +

Effects of different nitrogen forms on phenotypic traits, photosynthesis and yield of Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan’

LIU Shuguang^1,2, DUAN Peiling³, ZHANG Lixia^1,2*, DUAN Xiangguang^1,2, GUO Lili^1,2, LIU Wei^1,2, HOU Xiaogai^1,2*

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摘要

【目的】研究不同氮素形态配比对油用牡丹‘凤丹’(Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan’)表型性状、光合特性及其籽粒产量的影响,确定氮素形态最佳配比,促进高产高效科学施肥。【方法】采用铵态氮(NH⁺₄-N)、硝态氮(NO^-₃-N)和酰胺态氮(N-CONH₂)3种不同氮素形态,设置不同氮素形态配比,考察‘凤丹’的表型性状、光合特性和产量。【结果】在固定磷钾等量施肥条件下,与对照相比,不同形态氮肥及铵态氮、硝态氮配施对‘凤丹’的表型性状、光合特性和籽粒产量参数均有显著影响(P<0.05)。铵态氮与硝态氮摩尔配比在50:50的处理下,‘凤丹’叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率均达到最大,较对照分别提高了22.85%、39.18%和25.98%; 胞间CO₂浓度最小,较对照降低了14.67%; 植株的千粒质量和单株籽粒产量均显著高于其他施肥处理(P<0.05),较对照分别提高了31.86%和43.05%。【结论】铵态氮与硝态氮等比配施可使‘凤丹’的表型性状、光合特性及产量大幅提高,可为‘凤丹’的合理施肥提供理论依据。

Abstract

【Objective】 The effects of different nitrogen forms and their proportion on phenotypic traits, photosynthetic characteristics, and grain yield of Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan’ were studied to determine the optimal proportion of nitrogen forms and promote high-yield and high-efficiency scientific fertilization. 【Method】 Three different nitrogen forms, ammonium nitrogen(NH⁺₄-N), nitrate nitrogen(NO^-₃-N), and amide nitrogen(N-CONH₂), were used to set different nitrogen forms and their proportions. Phenotypic traits, photosynthetic characteristics and yield traits were investigated. 【Result】 Compared with the control, different forms of nitrogen fertilizer and ammonium nitrate combination had significant effects on phenotypic traits, photosynthetic characteristics, and grain yield parameters of P. ostii ‘Feng Dan’ under conditions of fixed phosphorus and potassium fertilization(P<0.05). Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate of P. ostii ‘Feng Dan’ leaves were the highest under treatment with ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen at a 50:50 proportion, which increased by 22.85%, 39.18% and 25.98%, respectively; the intercellular CO₂ concentration was 14.67% lower than the control; the 1 000-grain mass and the yield per individual were the highest, and significantly higher than under other fertilization treatments(P<0.05), and were 31.86% and 43.05% higher than the control. 【Conclusion】 The combination of ammonium and nitrate can greatly improve phenotypic traits, photosynthetic characteristics, and yield of P. ostii ‘Feng Dan’, providing a theoretical basis for the rational fertilization of P. ostii ‘Feng Dan’.

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刘曙光,段佩玲,张利霞,段祥光,郭丽丽,刘伟,侯小改. 氮素形态对‘凤丹’表型性状、光合及产量的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）. 2019, 43(04): 161-168 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201810010

LIU Shuguang, DUAN Peiling, ZHANG Lixia, DUAN Xiangguang, GUO Lili, LIU Wei, HOU Xiaogai. Effects of different nitrogen forms on phenotypic traits, photosynthesis and yield of Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan’[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2019, 43(04): 161-168 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201810010

中图分类号： S794 S718 S567. 1+5

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基金

收稿日期:2018-10-09 修回日期:2019-03-29 基金项目:河南省科技攻关项目(162102110095); 国家自然科学基金项目(31370697); 河南省自然科学基金项目(162300410079)。第一作者:刘曙光(15737927697@163.com)。*通信作者:侯小改(hkdhxg@126.com),教授,负责试验设计及论文修改,ORCID(0000-0001-9409-7795); 张利霞(hkdzlx@126.com),讲师,负责试验设计,ORCID(0000-000