【目的】定量评价中小城市建成区内土地建设成公园的适宜性,根据适宜性评价优化城市公园的布局,科学地预选出一批优先重点建设为公园的区域。【方法】基于地理信息系统(GIS)技术,以江苏省高邮市建成区为研究样本,从公园的生态服务功能和社会服务功能两个层面分析影响公园选址的6个主要单因子因素:土地建设可行性、城市热岛效应、空气污染、公园可达性、城市防灾避险服务半径、人口空间分布。采用AHP与Delphi法相结合确定6个因子的权重,并按照不同权重加权叠加,分析公园选址的适宜性。【结果】在适宜性评价较高的区域范围内划定候选公园位置,并借助于LA模型分析,最终选取1个大型公园及7个小型公园为重点建设项目,并将其纳入城市公园体系规划近期建设项目。【结论】以定量数据辅助定性分析的选址方法,弥补了传统布局方法科学性、精准性不足的缺陷,可为公园城市建设提供科学依据。

【Objective】 This paper aims to evaluate the suitability of park construction quantitatively in built-up areas of small and medium-sized cities, to optimize the layout of urban park green spaces according to the distribution of suitability, and to preselect a group of parks for construction. 【Method】 Gaoyou City was chosen as a case study. Based on GIS technology, we synthetically considered the ecological service and social service functions, and analyzed six major factors that affected the location of urban parks, that are, suitability evaluation of the park construction land, urban heat island effect rating, air pollution rating, park accessibility assessment, evaluation of urban disaster prevention and hedging service radius, and population distribution. Delphi and analytic hierarchy processes (AHP) were used to determine the weightings of six factors, and the suitability of park location was then evaluated according to the overlay analysis of the different weights.【Result】 The site was selected to be located in an area that was suitable for construction. Through the location allocation (LA) model, a large park and seven small parks were selected as the keys to construction projects in the near future. 【Conclusion】 The method of quantitative data-aided qualitative analysis made up for the shortcomings of the traditional methods, which lacked science and accuracy, and can therefore provide a scientific reference for the construction of park cities.