砧木对薄壳山核桃嫁接苗光合及荧光特性的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201811043

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2): 84-90.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201811043

砧木对薄壳山核桃嫁接苗光合及荧光特性的影响

李晓锐¹(), 周樊¹, 冯刚¹, 郑小琴¹, 李永荣², 彭方仁¹^,^*()

1.南京林业大学,南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京 210037
2.南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司,江苏南京 210007

收稿日期:2018-11-26 修回日期:2019-09-12 出版日期:2020-03-30 发布日期:2020-04-01
通讯作者: 彭方仁
基金资助:
江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目(LYKJ [2018] 05-1);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

Photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics of pecan grafting seedlings grafted on different rootstocks

LI Xiaorui¹(), ZHOU Fan¹, FENG Gang¹, ZHENG Xiaoqin¹, LI Yongrong², PENG Fangren¹^,^*()

1. Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210007,China
2. Nanjing Green Universe Pecan Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2018-11-26 Revised:2019-09-12 Online:2020-03-30 Published:2020-04-01
Contact: PENG Fangren

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探索不同砧木类型薄壳山核桃嫁接苗光合及荧光特性差异,为选育优良砧木、改进栽培管理方式提供科学依据。【方法】以薄壳山核桃‘Elliott’、‘Sauber’和‘Podsednik’实生苗作砧木,嫁接品种‘Pawnee’为接穗,研究3种不同砧木1年生‘Pawnee’嫁接苗的光合特性和叶绿素荧光诱导动力学特性。【结果】‘Elliott’嫁接苗(砧木‘Elliott’,接穗‘Pawnee’)在高光强下的净光合速率(P_n)以及对光照的利用范围高于‘Sauber’嫁接苗(砧木‘Sauber’,接穗‘Pawnee’)和‘Podsednik’嫁接苗(砧木‘Podsednik’,接穗‘Pawnee’);‘Podsednik’嫁接苗的暗呼吸速率(R_d)和光补偿点(L_CP)最大,在弱光下消耗有机物最多;‘Sauber’的表观量子效率(A_QY)最大,利用弱光能力最强;水分利用效率(R_WUE)与净光合速率(P_n)极显著正相关,‘Elliott’嫁接苗的R_WUE最大,生产有机物效率更高。荧光分析表明,‘Sauber’嫁接苗的热耗散最大,用于电子传递的量子产额(φ_Eo)以及反应中心捕获的激子将电子传递到初级醌受体(Q_A)之后受体的概率(ψ_o)最小,‘Podsednik’嫁接苗的质体醌大小(S_m)、Q_A被还原次数(N)和质体醌还原速率[S_m/t(F_m)]最高,电子传递效率最高;‘Elliott’嫁接苗的3项荧光性能指数均为最高,‘Sauber’嫁接苗的最小。【结论】‘Elliott’嫁接苗具有更好的光合能力及水分利用效率,对环境的适应性更好,‘Podsednik’嫁接苗的光反应能力更强,‘Sauber’嫁接苗光合能力较弱。

关键词: 薄壳山核桃, 嫁接苗, 砧木, 光合作用, 叶绿素荧光特性

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aimed to explore the differences in photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics of pecan (Carya illinoensis) grafting plants grafted on different rootstocks, providing a scientific basis for breeding excellent rootstocks and improving cultivation management methods. 【Method】Pecan cultivars ‘Elliott’, ‘Sauber’ and ‘Podsednik’ were used as rootstocks and grafted using a ‘Pawnee’ scion. Next, the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics parameters of grafting seedlings were studied. 【Result】The net photosynthetic rate ( P_n) and use of light of ‘Elliott’ (rootstock: ‘Elliott’; scion: ‘Pawnee’) were higher than those of ‘Sauber’ (rootstock: ‘Sauber’; scion: ‘Pawnee’) and ‘Podsednik’ (rootstock: ‘Podsednik’; scion: ‘Pawnee’). ‘Podsednik’ showed the highest dark respiration rate ( R_d) and light compensation point (L_CP), which suggests higher consumption of organic matter under low light. ‘Sauber’ exhibited a greater ability to use low light owing to its higher apparent quantum efficiency ( A_QY). Water use efficiency (R_WUE) and P_n were significantly positively correlated. ‘Elliott’ showed the highest R_WUE, which is conducive to organic matter production. Fluorescence analysis indicated that ‘Sauber’ had the highest heat dissipation rate and the lowest lectron transport capacity, whereas ‘Podsednik’ had the biggest normalized total complementary area above the O-I-J-P phase ( S_m), the maximum number of primary quinone acceptor (Q_A) reduction events between time 0 and t(F_m) (N) and the highest reduction rate of plastoquinone [S_m/t(F_m)], leading to more efficient electron transfer. The highest and lowest performance index values were found in ‘Elliott’ and ‘Sauber’, respectively. 【Conclusion】‘Elliott’ grafting seedling exhibited the highest photosynthetic capacity and water use efficiency, whereas ‘Sauber’ grafting seedling had the weakest performance in photosynthesis. ‘Elliott’ grafting seedling showed a greater adaptability to the environment, and ‘Podsednik’ grafting seedling had a higher photoreactive capacity.

Key words: Carya illinoensis, grafting seedling, rootstock, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics

中图分类号:

S718

李晓锐,周樊,冯刚,等. 砧木对薄壳山核桃嫁接苗光合及荧光特性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(2): 84-90.

LI Xiaorui, ZHOU Fan, FENG Gang, ZHENG Xiaoqin, LI Yongrong, PENG Fangren. Photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics of pecan grafting seedlings grafted on different rootstocks[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 44(2): 84-90.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201811043.

图/表 5

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指标 index	T_r	G_s	P_n	C_i	R_WUE
T_r	1	-	-	-	-
G_s	0.839^**	1	-	-	-
P_n	-0.269	-0.011	1	-	-
C_i	-0.182	0.050	0.136	1	-
R_WUE	-0.625^*	-0.342	0.914^**	0.234	1

砧木 rootstocks	R_d/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	P_n,max/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	L_CP/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	L_SP/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	A_QY/ (mol·mol^-1)
‘Elliott’	1.198±0.887 b	16.960±3.929 a	35.812±22.894 ab	1 576.073±136.436 a	0.030±0.006 a
‘Sauber’	0.998±0.629 b	14.666±2.645 a	30.495±16.747 b	1 392.430±142.269 a	0.027±0.004 b
‘Podsednik’	1.349±0.430 a	15.940±3.328 a	37.275±12.528 a	1 572.180±97.675 a	0.030 6±0.004 a

砧木 rootstocks	I_P,CSo	I_P,ABS	I_P,CSm
‘Elliott’	1 539.707±597.821 a	3.109±1.224 a	8 646.408±4 088.894 a
‘Sauber’	1 133.600±286.715 b	2.175±0.647 a	5 792.274±1 988.174 b
‘Podsednik’	1 311.673±271.100 a	2.770±0.685 a	6 955.505±1 763.196 ab

砧木对薄壳山核桃嫁接苗光合及荧光特性的影响

Photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics of pecan grafting seedlings grafted on different rootstocks

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