基于根系化学组成的抗拉力学特性分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201812054

国家林草科技领军期刊
中国精品科技期刊
中国高校百佳科技期刊
江苏省新闻出版政府奖期刊奖
RCCSE林学权威期刊（A+）
CSCD核心期刊
Scopus数据库收录期刊
中文核心期刊
SCD核心期刊

作者加群：102861116

微信公众号：南京林业大学学报

高级检索

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 186-192.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201812054

基于根系化学组成的抗拉力学特性分析

张乔艳(), 唐丽霞^*(), 潘露, 陈龙

贵州大学林学院,贵州贵阳 550025

收稿日期:2018-12-30 修回日期:2019-06-18 出版日期:2020-02-08 发布日期:2020-02-02
通讯作者: 唐丽霞
作者简介:张乔艳( 1299162721@qq.com)。
基金资助:
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2016]2612号)

Tensile mechanical properties of roots based on chemical composition

ZHANG Qiaoyan(), TANG Lixia^*(), PAN Lu, CHEN Long

College of Forestry, Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China

Received:2018-12-30 Revised:2019-06-18 Online:2020-02-08 Published:2020-02-02
Contact: TANG Lixia

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】分析根系力学特性与化学组成的关系,揭示根系固土的机理,为边坡的生态修复预测及树种优化提供理论基础。【方法】以贵州省石漠化土层浅薄地区乡土树种火棘(Pyracantha fortuneana)和刺鼠李(Rhamnus dumetorum Schneid)为研究对象,通过对根系木质素、纤维素和半纤维素含量及根系抗拉特性的测定,结合根系横截面的表观形态分析,从更为微观的角度分析根系固土护坡机制。【结果】根系力学性质与根径间存在明显的尺寸效应,根径越大,极限抗拉力越大,极限抗拉强度和极限延伸率越小。随着根径的增加,纤维素和半纤维素含量呈增加趋势,木质素含量呈减小趋势。其中火棘木质素含量高于刺鼠李,纤维素含量低于刺鼠李。木质素含量越高,根系极限抗拉力和极限抗拉强度越大,纤维素和半纤维素含量越高,极限延伸率越小。纤维素、半纤维素和木质素在微观的化学结构上韧性和强度可能对根系宏观的力学特性有较大影响。根系在微观结构方面具有与木材一样的微观“多孔结构”,从而对根系产生一定的增韧作用。【结论】根系的木质素、纤维素和半纤维素均对根系的抗拉力学性能有一定影响,在一定程度上揭示了影响根系力学性质内在因素。

关键词: 植物根系, 固土护坡, 力学特性, 化学组成, 表观形态, 根径, 纤维素, 木质素

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of the relationship between the chemical composition and mechanical properties of roots. 【Method】 We determined the tensile strength of roots, measured the contents of chemical components, including cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin; and assessed the surface appearance of the roots, with a view toward elucidating the protection mechanism of roots in the soil from a microscopic perspective. 【Result】 ① We found that root diameter had a considerable effect on tensile strength, namely, the larger the root diameter, the higher is the ultimate tensile force, and the smaller are the ultimate tensile strength and ultimate elongation. ② The effects of root diameter on chemical composition were consistent with those of mechanical properties, with the contents of cellulose and hemicellulose increasing, whereas that of lignin showed a decrease. Furthermore, we found that whereas the lignin content ofPyracantha fortuneana was higher than that of Rhamnus dumetorum Schneid, the cellulose content showed the opposite pattern. ③ In terms of toughness and strength, the microscopic chemical structures of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin had a marked influence on the macroscopic mechanical properties of roots, with a higher lignin content being associated with a greater ultimate tensile strength and tensile resistance, and higher contents of cellulose and hemicellulose being associated with a smaller ultimate elongation. ④ The surface of roots at the microscopic level was observed to be a “porous structure,” similar to that of the wood, and accordingly is assumed to confer the root system with mechanical strength.【Conclusion】 Collectively, our results revealed that inherent factors that influence the mechanical properties of the root to a certain degree provide a theoretical basis for the selection and optimization of tree species for ecological restoration of slope landscapes.

Key words: plant roots, soilconsolidation and slope protection, mechanical properties, chemical composition, apparent morphology, root diameter, cellulose, lignin

中图分类号:

S718.3

张乔艳,唐丽霞,潘露,等. 基于根系化学组成的抗拉力学特性分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(1): 186-192.

ZHANG Qiaoyan, TANG Lixia, PAN Lu, CHEN Long. Tensile mechanical properties of roots based on chemical composition[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 44(1): 186-192.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201812054.

图/表 6

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

图5

参考文献 28

[1]	吕春娟, 陈丽华, 周硕, 等. 不同乔木根系的抗拉力学特性[J]. 农业工程学报, 2011, 27(S1):329-335.
	LÜ C J, CHEN L H, ZHOU S, et al. Root mechanical characteristics of different tree species[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2011, 27(S1):329-335.
[2]	陈丽华. 林木根系固土力学机制[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2008.
	CHEN L H. Mechanical mechanism of forest root soil fixation [M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2008.
[3]	毛伶俐. 生态护坡中植被根系的力学分析[D]. 武汉: 武汉理工大学, 2007.
	MAO L L. The mechanical analysis of vegetation root in ecological slope prote ction[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology, 2007.
[4]	左志严. 5种植物根系力学特性及其对土壤水分的响应[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2017.
	ZUO Z Y. Mechanical properties of 5 plant roots and the response to soil moisture[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural Uuniversity, 2017.
[5]	朱海丽. 植物根系固土护坡微观机理分析[J]. 科学与财富, 2015, 30(11):289-290.
	ZHU H L. Microcosmic analysis on soil fixation and slop protection by root system[J]. Science and fortune, 2015, 30(11):289-290.
[6]	张云伟, 惠尚, 卜晓磊, 等. 3种散生竹的单根抗拉力学特性[J]. 林业科学, 2013, 49(7):183-187.
	ZHANG Y W, HUI S, BO X L, et al. Mechanical characteristics of tensile strength for three monopodial bamboo single roots[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2013, 49(7):183-187.
[7]	李云鹏, 张会兰, 王玉杰, 等. 针叶与阔叶树根系对土壤抗剪强度及坡体稳定性的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2014, 34(1):40-45.
	LI Y P, ZHANG H L, WANG Y J, et al. effect of acerda and broad leaved tree roots on soil shear strength and slope stability[J]. Soil and Water Conservation Bulletin, 2014, 34(1):40-45.
[8]	杨维西, 黄治江. 黄土高原九个水土保持树种根的抗拉力[J]. 中国水土保持, 1988, 8(9):49-51.
	YANG W X, HUANG Z J. Tensile resistance of tree roots of nine soil and water conservation species in Loess Plateau[J]. China Soil and Water Conservation, 1988, 8(9):49-51. DOI: 10.14123/j.cnki.swcc.1988.09.013. doi: 10.14123/j.cnki.swcc.1988.09.013
[9]	赵丽兵, 张宝贵. 紫花苜蓿和马唐根的生物力学性能及相关因素的试验研究[J]. 农业工程学报, 2007, 23(9):7-12.
	ZHAO L B, ZHANG B G. Experimental study on root bio-mechanics and relevant factors of Medicago sativa and Digitaria sanguinalis [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2007, 23(9):7-12. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1002-6819.2007.09.002. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1002-6819.2007.09.002
[10]	TOSI M. Root tensile strength relationships and their slope stability implications of three shrub species in the Northern Apennines (Italy)[J]. Geomorphology, 2007, 87(4):268-283. DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.09.019. doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.09.019
[11]	COMINO E, MARENGO P. Root tensile strength of three shrub species: Rosa canina, Cotoneaster dammeri and Juniperus horizontalis[J]. Catena, 2010, 82(3):227-235. DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2010.06.010. doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2010.06.010
[12]	NILAWEERA N S, NUTALAYA P. Role of tree roots in slope stabilisation[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 1999, 57(4):337-342. DOI: 10.1007/s100640050056. doi: 10.1007/s100640050056
[13]	ZHANG C B, CHEN L H, JIANG J. Why fine tree roots are stronger than thicker roots: The role of cellulose and lignin in relation to slope stability[J]. Geomorphology, 2014, 206:196-202. DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.09.024. doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.09.024
[14]	BISCHETTI G B, CHIARADIA E A, EPIS T, et al. Root cohesion of forest species in the Italian Alps[J]. Plant and Soil, 2009, 324(1/2):71-89. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-009-9941-0. doi: 10.1007/s11104-009-9941-0
[15]	李可, 朱海丽, 宋路, 等. 青藏高原两种典型植物根系抗拉特性与其微观结构的关系[J]. 水土保持研究, 2018, 25(2):240-249.
	LI K, ZHU H L, SONG L, et al. Relationship between tensile strength and microstructure of roots of two typical plants in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018, 25(2):240-249.
[16]	蒋坤云, 陈丽华, 盖小刚, 等. 华北护坡阔叶树种根系抗拉性能与其微观结构的关系[J]. 农业工程学报, 2013, 29(3):115-123.
	JIANG K Y, CHEN L H, GAI X G, et al. Relationship between tensile properties and microstructures of three different broadleaf tree roots in North China[J]. Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 2013, 29(3):115-123.
[17]	蒋坤云, 陈丽华, 杨苑君, 等. 华北油松、落叶松根系抗拉强度与其微观结构的相关性研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2013, 27(2):8-12.
	JIANG K Y, CHEN L H, YANG Y J, et al. Relationship between tensile strength and selected anatomical features of two different conifer species’ roots in North China[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2013, 27(2):8-12, 19. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2013.02.053. doi: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2013.02.053
[18]	李宁. 四种乔木根系抗拉特性的影响因素研究[D]. 北京:北京林业大学, 2016.
	LI N. Study on the iinfluence factors of root tensile properties by four arbor root system[D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2016.
[19]	SLUITER J B, RUIZ R O, SCARLATA C J, et al. Compositional analysis of lignocellulosic feedstocks. 1: review and description of methods[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2010, 58(16):9043-9053. DOI: 10.1021/jf1008023. doi: 10.1021/jf1008023
[20]	高华端, 孙泉忠, 袁勇. 喀斯特地区不同土地利用类型土壤侵蚀特征研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2010, 30(2):92-96.
	GAO H D, SUN Q Z, YUAN Y. Characteristics of soil erosion for different land types in Karst areas[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2010, 30(2):92-96. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2010.02.024. doi: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2010.02.024
[21]	刘国彬, 蒋定生, 朱显谟. 黄土区草地根系生物力学特性研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 1996, 2(3):21-28.
	LIU G B, JIANG D S, ZHU X M. Study on grasses root bio-mechanics in Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 1996, 2(3):21-28.
[22]	徐有朋. 木材学[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社. 2006.
	XU Y P. Wood Science [M]. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, 2006.
[23]	NORSTRÖM E, FOGELSTRÖM L, NORDQVIST P, et al. Xylan-a green binder for wood adhesives[J]. European Polymer Journal, 2015, 67(4):483-493. DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.02.021. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.02.021
[24]	路瑶, 魏贤勇, 宗志敏, 等. 木质素的结构研究与应用[J]. 化学进展, 2013, 25(5):838-858.
	LU Y, WEI X Y, ZONG Z M, et al. Structural investigation and application of lignins[J]. Chemical Progress, 2013, 25(5):838-858.
[25]	GENET M, STOKES A, SALIN F, et al. The influence of cellulose content on tensile strength in tree roots[J]. Plant and Soil, 2005, 278(1/2):1-9. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-005-8768-6. doi: 10.1007/s11104-005-8768-6
[26]	刘明超, 陈常青. 基于细观力学的多孔材料断裂特性分析[C]// 航空科学与技术全国博士生学术论坛. 2016.
	LIU M C, CHEN C Q. Analysis of fracture characteristics of porous materials based on micromechanics[C]// national PhD student in aviation science and technology academic BBS, 2016.
[27]	连广, 王庭魁, 戴澄月. X射线吸收法测定木材空隙度[J]. 林业科技, 1990, 7(1):43-44.
	LIAN G, WANG T K, DAI C Y. Determination of wood void by X-ray absorption method[J]. Forestry Technology, 1990, 7(1):43-44.
[28]	张波. 马尾松木材管胞形态及微力学性能研究[D]. 北京: 中国林业科学研究院, 2007.
	ZHANG B. Study on the morphology and micromechanical properties of wood tracheid of masson pine[D]. Beijing:Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences, 2007.

植物 species	化学组成 chemical composition	不同根径化学组成质量分数/% chemical composition content at different root diameter						平均值mean
植物 species	化学组成 chemical composition	1 mm	2 mm	3 mm	4 mm	5 mm	6 mm	平均值mean
火棘 P. fortuneana	纤维素 cellulose	9.95	17.03	22.16	21.49	22.84	23.49	19.49+4.75
火棘 P. fortuneana	半纤维素 hemicelulose	3.21	5.27	6.85	7.32	8.54	7.30	6.42+1.72
刺鼠李 R. dumetorum	纤维素 cellulose	22.28	22.92	24.00	25.64	26.21	27.00	24.68+1.70
刺鼠李 R. dumetorum	半纤维素 hemicelulose	8.84	9.29	9.50	9.87	10.16	9.95	9.60+0.45

基于根系化学组成的抗拉力学特性分析

Tensile mechanical properties of roots based on chemical composition

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 6

参考文献 28

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

作者

读者

审稿

[1]	却枫, 查若飞, 魏强. 植物纤维素合成酶研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(6): 207-214.
[2]	曾健勇,于颖颖,张方明,李大波,张国财. 阿维菌素/乙基纤维素载药纤维的制备及稳定性分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 42(06): 186-190.
[3]	陈佩珍,吴晓刚,韦蔷,武星,季孔庶. 松科植物木质素合成相关基因研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2017, 41(06): 169-176.
[4]	张志威,关明杰,刘源松. 竹笋壳/脲醛树脂改性淀粉胶黏剂复合材料的降解特性[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2017, 41(04): 160-166.
[5]	徐鹏,高娟,王利莹,梁娟,唐进根. 基于高压静电技术的戊唑醇/乙酸纤维素缓释剂的制备与性能研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 40(06): 117-121.
[6]	姜波,曹婷月,谷峰,金永灿. 碳酸钠预处理对麦草酶水解及木质素结构的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 40(06): 135-140.
[7]	尹园园,田秀枝,朱春波,蒋学,王鸿博,高卫东. 聚苯乙烯改性纤维素纳米晶体对聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯热稳定性的增强作用[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 40(05): 138-142.
[8]	何文,李吉平,金辉,田佳西. 毛竹纳米纤维素的烷基化改性[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 40(02): 144-148.
[9]	王琰,金永灿. 显微技术在木质纤维素生物质预处理研究中的应用进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 40(01): 155-161.
[10]	马立波,杨小林,王思群,张洋. 纳米纤维素丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯复合材料的特性[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 40(01): 179-182.
[11]	白合超,蒋露,王步成,勇强,余世袁. 间歇出酶对里氏木霉产纤维素酶的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 40(01): 87-91.
[12]	陈敏智,陈燕,周晓燕. 乙二醇提高大豆蛋白/纳米纤维素复合材料相容性的研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2015, 39(06): 143-147.
[13]	谈旭,金永灿. QCM-D应用于纤维素酶水解分析中的研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2015, 39(06): 155-162.
[14]	李寒,李鑫,徐勇,陈牧,余世袁,勇强. 竹加工废弃物制备低聚木糖和乙醇[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2015, 39(05): 145-149.
[15]	刘娟,南静娅,王春鹏,储富祥,陈日清. 纤维素基脲醛树脂模塑料改性研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2015, 39(04): 127-131.