赤霉素对盆栽白桦无性系早期生长及结实的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201902029

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 16-22.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201902029

赤霉素对盆栽白桦无性系早期生长及结实的影响

王楚(), 顾宸瑞, 姜静, 刘桂丰^*()

林木遗传育种国家重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2019-02-27 修回日期:2019-09-08 出版日期:2019-10-08 发布日期:2019-10-08
通讯作者: 刘桂丰
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2017YED0600603)

Effects of gibberellin on early growth and fruiting of potted Betula platyphylla clones

WANG Chu(), GU Chenrui, JIANG Jing, LIU Guifeng^*()

State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding(Northeast Forestry University), Harbin 150040, China

Received:2019-02-27 Revised:2019-09-08 Online:2019-10-08 Published:2019-10-08
Contact: LIU Guifeng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】种子园种子产量低以及丰歉年周期性结实问题一直是白桦等林木良种生产的瓶颈。开展赤霉素处理对白桦生长及结实影响的研究,筛选最佳激素处理方案进而提高其生长量及结实量,对于白桦良种生产及推广具有重要意义。【方法】以1个白桦无性系为研究对象,分别用质量浓度0、0.2、0.4、0.6 g/L的GA₃和GA₄₊₇处理,连续试验3 a,第2年调查其高生长节律,第4年调查各处理下的树高、胸径及结实量。【结果】树高、胸径及结实量等性状的方差分析显示,不同浓度的GA₃和GA₄₊₇ 处理下,树高及结实量性状的差异均达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。GA₃和GA₄₊₇均能促进白桦生长及结实量,其中GA₄₊₇的效果更好,综合生长及结实性状确定处理的最佳质量浓度为0.4 g/L,该处理下高生长较对照提高了13.69%,单株果序数、单株果序鲜质量、单株种子干质量较对照分别提高了203.6%、186.8%、187.2%。白桦无性系在各浓度赤霉素处理下树高生长符合“S”形曲线模型, 各处理下拟合的Logistic方程系数均高于0.99。根据白桦树高生长模型参数可知,赤霉素促进白桦生长量的增加主要是延长了速生期的生长时间所致。【结论】GA₄₊₇和GA₃均促进白桦生长及结实,GA₄₊₇较GA₃效果好;确定0.4 g/L的GA₄₊₇是促进白桦结实的最适激素处理。

关键词: 赤霉素, 白桦, 早期生长, 结实, 树高

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aimed to identify the best gibberellin treatment to increase the growth and fruiting ofBetula platyphylla. 【Method】 In this experiment, a birch clone was used as the research object and the ramets were treated with GA₃ and GA₄₊₇ at concentrations of 0.0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/L. The test lasted for 3 years. In the second year, the rhythmicity of growth height was investigated. In the third year, the growth height, breast diameter, number of infructescences, fresh weight of infructescences and dry weight of seeds under each treatment were investigated. 【Result】 Analysis of variances of growth height, diameter at breast height, and fruit-bearing amount showed that the differences in growth height and fruit-bearing amount were significantly higher at different concentrations of GA₃ and GA₄₊₇(P < 0.01). Both GA ₃ and GA₄₊₇ can promote the growth and fruiting of B. platyphylla; however, the effect of GA₄₊₇ is better. The optimal concentration was determined to be 0.4 g/L by comprehensive evaluation of growth height and fruit-bearing amount. Under this treatment, the growth height 13.69% was higher than that under the control, and the number of infructescences, fresh weight of infructescences, and dry weight of seeds increased by 203.6%, 186.8% and 187.2%, respectively. The growth height curve of B. platyphylla under each treatment accords with the “S” curve model. The fitting coefficients of the logistic equation under each treatment were all higher than 0.99. According to the parameters of the tree height growth model, the reason that gibberellin promotes the growth of B. platyphylla is mainly due to the prolongation of the fast growth period. 【Conclusion】 Both GA₄₊₇ and GA₃ promoted the growth and fruiting of B. platyphylla. GA₄₊₇ was more efficacious than GA₃. GA₄₊₇ at 0.4 g/L is the best concentration and hormone to promote the growth of B. platyphylla.

Key words: gibberellin, Betula platyphylla, early growth, fruiting, tree height

中图分类号:

S792.153

王楚,顾宸瑞,姜静,等. 赤霉素对盆栽白桦无性系早期生长及结实的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 43(5): 16-22.

WANG Chu, GU Chenrui, JIANG Jing, LIU Guifeng. Effects of gibberellin on early growth and fruiting of potted Betula platyphylla clones[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2019, 43(5): 16-22.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201902029.

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性状 traits	差异来源 source of difference	离差平方和 SS	自由度 df	均方 MS	方差分量 variance component	方差分量比例/% percentage of variance component	F	P
树高/cm growth height	组间	145 064.243	8	18 133.030	988.150	74.05	52.357^**	<0.001
	组内	54 374.462	155	346.334	346.334	25.95
	总数	199 438.705	163		1 334.484	100.00
胸径/cm diameter of height	组间	1.670	8	0.209	0.004	3.20	1.597	0.130
	组内	20.522	155	0.131	0.131	96.80
	总数	22.192	163		0.135	100.00
单株果序数量/个 numbers of infructescence per ramet	组间	207 897.275	8	25 987.159	1 056.929	13.18	3.732^**	0.001
	组内	1 009 552.309	155	6 962.430	6 962.430	86.82
	总数	1 217 449.584	163		8 019.359	100.00
单株果序鲜质量/g fresh weight of infructescence per ramet	组间	79 064.434	8	9 883.054	384.445	11.48	3.335^**	0.002
	组内	429 640.755	155	2 963.040	2 963.040	88.52
	总数	508 705.189	163		3 347.485	100.00
单株种子干质量/g dry weight of seeds per ramet	组间	4 330.217	8	541.277	21.450	12.14	3.488^**	0.001
	组内	22 501.828	155	155.185	155.185	87.86
	总数	26 832.045	163		176.635	100.00

处理 treatment	树高/cm growth height	单株果序数量 number of infructescence per ramet	单株果序鲜质量/g fresh weight of infructescence per ramet	单株种子干质量/g dry weight of seeds per ramet
T1	491.33±25.32 e	55±8.43 c	38.38±6.75 c	8.38±1.54 c
T2	485.00±20.00 e	70±17.45 c	50.18±12.24 bc	9.68±2.45 c
T3	538.42±15.82 cd	73±14.34 c	48.02±10.11 bc	10.70±2.45 bc
T4	558.61±13.37 ab	167±23.92 a	110.07±17.07 a	24.07±4.19 a
T5	566.25±13.48 a	137±34.37 ab	85.29±21.31 ab	19.27±5.47 ab
T6	494.38±16.72 e	57±9.60 c	42.90±7.76 bc	8.81±1.47 c
T7	529.44±15.52 d	70±18.36 c	43.58±10.94 bc	8.14±2.02 c
T8	547.06±15.72 bc	67±17.63 c	46.69±12.80 bc	8.53±2.56 c
T9	551.88±15.15 b	106±30.60 bc	67.36±16.70 bc	13.15±3.56 bc

处理 treatment	树高实测值/cm growth height measured value	R²	方程参数equation parameter
处理 treatment	树高实测值/cm growth height measured value	R²	a	b	t₀	c
T₁	126.06±23.91 e	0.991 2	34.65	125.02	169	8.33
T₂	139.25±20.75 d	0.992 2	36.91	143.29	171	8.01
T₃	174.82±10.73 c	0.998 6	26.84	177.64	165	6.96
T₄	194.56±10.90 ab	0.999 0	28.64	198.51	170	6.75
T₅	201.50±5.99 a	0.998 6	33.06	211.09	178	6.80
T₆	139.63±20.04 d	0.995 9	35.83	140.60	170	8.61
T₇	185.00±11.92 bc	0.999 2	29.88	193.28	172	6.14
T₈	200.50±11.76 a	0.999 6	31.35	206.56	174	6.67
T₉	203.45±13.34 a	0.999 2	32.44	213.07	179	6.47

处理 treatment	速生点/ d fastest growing day	速生点处生长速度/ (cm·d^-1) growing speed at the fastest growing day	速生期参数fast-growing parameter
处理 treatment	速生点/ d fastest growing day		起始时间/d start date	结束时间/d end date	持续时间/d duration	生长量/ cm growth amount	日生长量/ (cm·d^-1) daily growth amount	生长量占年生长量比值/% growth ratio of the to annual growth
T₁	164 b	1.130	137 a	190 b	53 b	52.245 d	0.986	54.279
T₂	171 ab	1.616	140 a	194 ab	54 b	61.425 d	1.422	55.337
T₃	165 b	1.786	131 ab	190 b	60 ab	73.488 c	1.565	56.848
T₄	170 ab	1.755	133 ab	194 ab	63 a	94.475 ab	1.520	57.096
T₅	169 ab	1.747	135 ab	202 ab	67 a	97.558 ab	1.771	57.370
T₆	170 ab	2.113	139 a	191 b	52 b	58.628 d	1.866	56.512
T₇	170 ab	1.600	130 ab	196 ab	65 a	88.906 b	1.403	56.107
T₈	174 a	1.770	133 ab	198 a	65 a	99.129 a	1.548	56.032
T₉	177 a	1.825	135 ab	202 a	67 a	102.558 a	1.597	56.614

赤霉素对盆栽白桦无性系早期生长及结实的影响

Effects of gibberellin on early growth and fruiting of potted Betula platyphylla clones

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赤霉素 gibberellin	编号 No.	质量浓度/(g·L^-1) concentration	处理株数 sample number
对照(CK)	T1	0.0	16
GA₄₊₇	T2	0.0	17
	T3	0.2	19
	T4	0.4	19
	T5	0.6	19
GA₃	T6	0	18
	T7	0.2	19
	T8	0.4	19
	T9	0.6	18

[1]	王伟, 邱志楠, 李爽, 白向东, 刘桂丰, 姜静. CRISPR/Cas9核糖核蛋白介导的无T-DNA插入的白桦BpGLK1精准突变[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(1): 11-17.
[2]	路文燕, 董灵波, 田园, 汪莎杉, 曲宣怡, 魏巍, 刘兆刚. 基于树种组成的大兴安岭天然林主要树种树高-胸径曲线研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(4): 157-165.
[3]	盖军鹏, 陈东升, 贾炜玮, 王政. 基于种源和气候效应的日本落叶松树高生长模型研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(4): 51-60.
[4]	高羽, 李静, 刘洋, 乌雅瀚, 巩家星, 辛启睿. 结构方程模型在兴安落叶松林生长中的应用[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(1): 38-46.
[5]	纳晓莹, 刘刚, 刘桂丰, 王秀伟. 4种基因表达量和光合参数差异对白桦无性系幼苗生长的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(2): 88-94.
[6]	张群, 及晓宇, 贺子航, 王智博, 田增智, 王超. 白桦BpGRAS1基因的克隆及耐盐功能分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(5): 38-46.
[7]	赵颖慧, 杨海城, 甄贞. 基于ULS、TLS和超声测高仪的天然次生林中不同林冠层树高估测[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(4): 23-32.
[8]	叶查龙, 颜斌, 申婷婷, 宁坤, 李慧玉. 转BpmiR156基因白桦株系的耐盐性分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(6): 147-151.
[9]	闵可怜, 王丹, 湛晓蝶, 陈敏, 岳海燕, 何毅, 刘亮, 黎青, 向毅, 李建伟. 3种辐射保护剂对⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐照小苍兰的保护效应[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(3): 11-18.
[10]	姜楠南, 张启翔, 王媛, 孙音, 房义福, 徐金光. 赤霉素对‘大富贵’芍药休眠解除及内源激素和糖类代谢的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(3): 26-32.
[11]	姚丹丹, 徐奇刚, 闫晓旺, 李玉堂. 基于贝叶斯方法的蒙古栎林单木树高-胸径模型[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(1): 131-137.
[12]	孟德恺, 徐志鹏, 刘宁宁, 王萌, 王楚, 刘桂丰. 白桦转BpGH3.5基因叶片早衰突变株的光合特性及生长分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 43(5): 37-43.
[13]	安琳君, 栾嘉豫, 任丽, 李慧玉, 夏德安. 白桦BpTCP8基因生物信息学及表达特性分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 43(5): 67-73.
[14]	王怡晨,孙海燕,李永荣,陈会会,李淑娴. 油用牡丹‘凤丹’单株结实量及产油品质分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 43(04): 155-160.
[15]	张宇,陈肃,高源,黄海娇. BpMYB4基因在白桦中的遗传转化及低温胁迫应答反应[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 43(01): 25-31.