【目的】运用SNP标记研究中国广东省松材线虫虫株SNP位点多样性,从分子角度探讨广东省不同地区松材线虫种群的亲缘关系,为松材线虫病的疫源追溯提供基础。【方法】收集来自于广东省各地区松材线虫虫株共30株,提取DNA并进行基因组重测序;利用生物信息学软件分析广东省松材线虫的SNPs位点信息及基因型类型,依据以上信息进行种群聚类分析。【结果】对30株松材线虫虫株SNPs数据进行统计分析,发现GD01、GD09、GD12、GD20、GD22、GD24、GD25这7株虫株的SNP数量、纯合子数量都明显少于其余23株虫株;对基因型类型进行统计分析发现,以上7株虫株出现频率较高的基因型为A->G、C->G、G->C、T->C;其余23株虫株则是A->G、C->T、G->A、T->C这4种基因型出现的频率较高。而通过主成分和聚类分析可将这30株虫株分为3类。【结论】广东省松材线虫种群遗传多样性较高,聚类分析表明其具有不同的传播来源。

【Objective】This study is focused on the genetic variations and population structures among different Bursaphelenchus xylophilus strains isolated from Guangdong Province using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as markers. This work provided fundamental information for the establishment of a B. xylophilus tracking system in China.【Method】Thirty strains ofB. xylophilus from different regions of the Guangdong Province were collected and sequenced. Genome-wide SNPs were analyzed using bioinformatics, and population splitting events were discovered based on previous SNP data.【Result】Statistical analysis of SNPs across 30 B. xylophilus strains showed that the number of SNPs and homozygotes in seven of the 30 strains (GD01, GD09, GD12, GD20, GD22, GD24 and GD25) were less than the remaining 23 strains. The genotypes that occurred with a higher frequency in these seven strains were A->G, C->G, G->C, T->C, while the other 23 strains contained genotypes that were A->G, C->T, G->A, T->C. The strains from Guangdong Province could be divided into 3 populations based on PCA and hierarchical clustering.【Conclusion】The genetic diversity ofB. xylophilus population in Guangdong Province is relatively high; thus, it should have different sources through which genetic variation is introduced.