林火干扰对广东马尾松林土壤有机碳密度及其活性有机碳的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201904024

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 132-140.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201904024

林火干扰对广东马尾松林土壤有机碳密度及其活性有机碳的影响

罗碧珍¹(), 胡海清¹^,^*, 罗斯生¹, 魏书精², 吴泽鹏², 刘菲¹

1.东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨 150040
2.广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室,广东省林业科学研究院,广东广州 510520

收稿日期:2019-04-14 修回日期:2020-05-28 出版日期:2020-10-30 发布日期:2020-10-30
通讯作者: 胡海清
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41371109);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572017PZ05);国家林业公益性行业科研专项项目(201404402);国家重点研发计划(2018YFE0207800);广西自然科学基金项目(2014GXNSFBA118108)

Effects of forest fire disturbance on soil organic carbon density and labile organic carbon of Pinus massoniana forests in Guangdong Province, China

LUO Bizhen¹(), HU Haiqing¹^,^*, LUO Sisheng¹, WEI Shujing², WU Zepeng², LIU Fei¹

1. College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China

Received:2019-04-14 Revised:2020-05-28 Online:2020-10-30 Published:2020-10-30
Contact: HU Haiqing

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】森林在全球碳循环中发挥着重要作用。林火干扰是全球生物地球化学循环的关键驱动因子,影响植被结构变化及森林演替方向,从而对森林生态系统土壤有机碳密度及碳周转产生重要作用,进而影响森林碳循环与碳平衡。笔者定量研究林火干扰对森林生态系统土壤有机碳密度及其活性有机碳的影响,科学阐明林火干扰对森林生态系统土壤有机碳的影响机制,为火烧迹地恢复与森林碳减排增汇提供参考。【方法】以广东省佛冈马尾松林为研究对象,采用相邻样地比较法、化学分析法,在森林生态系统水平上,定量测定不同林火干扰强度对土壤有机碳密度、土壤活性有机碳含量和细根生物量的影响,对林火干扰后土壤有机碳密度的变化进行定量研究,探讨林火干扰对土壤有机碳密度以及活性有机碳的影响机制,深入分析森林生态系统土壤有机碳的循环与分配过程。【结果】林火干扰对马尾松林的土壤有机碳密度、活性有机碳含量和细根生物量均有影响,不同林火干扰强度下土壤有机碳密度与土壤活性有机碳含量变化趋势均表现为对照>轻度林火干扰>中度林火干扰>重度林火干扰。轻度林火干扰对土壤有机碳密度的影响差异不显著(P>0.05),而中度和重度林火干扰则显著降低土壤有机碳密度(P<0.05)。林火干扰的马尾松林土壤细根生物量均低于对照样地,变化趋势为重度林火干扰>中度林火干扰>轻度林火干扰,轻度林火干扰只显著降低土壤表层细根生物量(P<0.05),而中度和重度林火干扰显著降低了土壤表层和浅层细根生物量(P<0.05)。【结论】林火干扰减小了土壤有机碳密度,减少幅度随土壤剖面深度增加而逐渐变小。轻度林火干扰仅显著降低了表层土壤有机碳密度,而中度和重度林火干扰显著降低了土壤表层和浅层土壤有机碳密度,进而导致土壤有机碳密度显著变化。林火干扰对土壤活性有机碳含量产生了影响。林火干扰后马尾松林4种土壤活性有机碳含量均呈下降趋势,但仅中度和重度林火干扰差异显著。活性有机碳含量各组分随林火干扰强度增加沿土壤剖面递减的幅度呈现一定差异,重度林火干扰后的递减趋势最强。此外,林火干扰还降低了马尾松林土壤细根生物量。

关键词: 林火干扰, 马尾松林, 土壤有机碳, 活性有机碳, 细根生物量

Abstract:

【Objective】Forests play an important role in the global carbon (C) cycle. Fire disturbance in forests is a key driving factor of the global biogeochemical cycle, as it affects vegetation structure and the direction of forest succession, which play important roles in soil organic C density and C turnover in forest ecosystems, thus affecting the forest C cycle and C balance. A quantitative study of the effects of forest fire disturbance on soil organic C density and active organic C in forest ecosystems was conducted. It also contributed to clarification of the mechanism of forest fire disturbance on soil organic C in forest ecosystems, and provided information about the recovery of burned land and forest C emission reduction effects.【Method】In a subtropical P. massoniana forest in Guangdong Province, adjacent plot comparison and chemical analysis methods were used to quantitatively determine the soil organic C density, soil active organic C content and fine root biomass at different levels of fire disturbance (low, moderate and high) in the forest ecosystem. The impact of forest fire disturbance on soil organic C density, and the mechanism of forest fire disturbance on soil organic C density and active organic C were investigated and an in-depth analysis of the C cycle and partitioning of soil organic C in the forest ecosystem process was undertaken.【Result】The results showed that forest fire disturbance had an effect on soil organic C density, soil labile organic C content and fine root biomass in P. massoniana forest, and the trend for soil organic C density and soil labile organic C content was: control > low forest fire disturbance > moderate forest fire disturbance > high forest fire disturbance. There was no significant difference in the effect of low forest fire disturbance on soil organic C density (P > 0.05), whereas moderate and high forest fire disturbances significantly reduced soil organic C density (P < 0.05). The soil fine root biomass in P. massoniana forest was lower than that in the control plots, and the trend was: high forest fire disturbance > moderate forest fire disturbance > low forest fire disturbance. Low forest fire disturbance only significantly reduced the soil surface fine root biomass (P < 0.05), whereas moderate and high forest fire disturbances significantly reduced the soil surface and shallow fine root biomass (P < 0.05). 【Conclusion】The results show that forest fire disturbance reduces soil organic C density, and the decrease gradually declines as the soil profile depth increases. The low forest fire disturbance significantly reduced the soil organic C density only at the soil surface, whereas the moderate and high forest fire disturbances significantly reduced the soil organic C density at the soil surface and in shallow soil, which led to significant changes in soil organic C density. Forest fire disturbance had an effect on the soil active organic C content. The contents of soil active organic C in the four species of P. massoniana forest decreased after forest fire disturbance but only moderate and high forest fire disturbances were significantly different. The components of active organic C content showed some difference along the decreasing profile of the soil profile with an increase in forest fire disturbance intensity, and the decreasing trend after high forest fire disturbance was the greatest. Forest fire disturbance had an effect on the fine root biomass of P. massoniana forest.

Key words: forest fire disturbance, Pinus massoniana forest, soil organic carbon, labile organic carbon, fine root biomass

中图分类号:

S762

罗碧珍,胡海清,罗斯生,等. 林火干扰对广东马尾松林土壤有机碳密度及其活性有机碳的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(5): 132-140.

LUO Bizhen, HU Haiqing, LUO Sisheng, WEI Shujing, WU Zepeng, LIU Fei. Effects of forest fire disturbance on soil organic carbon density and labile organic carbon of Pinus massoniana forests in Guangdong Province, China[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 44(5): 132-140.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201904024.

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土壤活性有机碳 soil labile organic carbon	土壤有机碳密度 soil organic carbon density	细根生物量 fine-root biomass
土壤微生物生物量碳SMBC	0.998^**	0.983^*
可溶性有机碳DOC	0.993^**	0.974^*
易氧化碳EOC	0.968^*	0.910
颗粒有机碳POC	0.943	0.888

林火干扰对广东马尾松林土壤有机碳密度及其活性有机碳的影响

Effects of forest fire disturbance on soil organic carbon density and labile organic carbon of Pinus massoniana forests in Guangdong Province, China

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[1]	丁咏, 刘鑫, 张金池, 王宇浩, 陈美玲, 李涛, 刘孝武, 周悦湘, 孙连浩, 廖艺. 酸雨类型转变对杉木林地土壤和细根生长的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(3): 90-98.
[2]	范明阳, 胡萌, 杨园, 方炎明. 中国东部地区马尾松与黄山松群落分类及群落结构和物种多样性特征[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(1): 47-58.
[3]	杨永超, 段文标, 陈立新, 曲美学, 王亚飞, 王美娟, 石金永, 潘磊. 模拟氮磷沉降和凋落物处理对两种林型红松林土壤有机碳组分的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(1): 57-66.
[4]	孙美佳, 周志勇, 王勇强, 沈颖, 夏威. 有机物添加对山西太岳山油松林土壤呼吸及碳组分的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(1): 67-75.
[5]	邹晓明, 王国兵, 葛之葳, 谢友超, 阮宏华, 吴小巧, 杨艳. 林业碳汇提升的主要原理和途径[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(6): 167-176.
[6]	赵凯歌, 周正虎, 金鹰, 王传宽. 长期氮添加对落叶松和水曲柳人工林土壤碳、氮、磷含量和胞外酶活性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(5): 177-184.
[7]	刘珂, 李明阳, 李灵, 田康, 樊亚男, 王志刚, 瞿明凯, 黄标. 南水北调中线工程水源地土壤有机碳密度空间分异及驱动因素研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(2): 35-43.
[8]	朱珠, 徐侠, 杨赛兰, 彭凡茜, 张惠光, 蔡斌. 陆地生态系统土壤有机碳分解温度敏感性研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(1): 33-39.
[9]	王润松, 孙源, 徐涵湄, 曹国华, 沈彩芹, 阮宏华. 施用沼液对杨树人工林细根生物量的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(4): 123-129.
[10]	季淮, 韩建刚, 李萍萍, 朱咏莉, 郭俨辉, 郝达平, 崔皓. 洪泽湖湿地植被类型对土壤有机碳粒径分布及微生物群落结构特征的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(1): 141-150.
[11]	董玉峰, 朱婉芮, 丁昌俊, 黄秦军, 王华田, 李善文, 王延平. 杨树不同根序细根形态对酚酸的响应[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(1): 39-46.
[12]	王琪, 于水强, 王维枫, 詹龙飞, 王静波. 不同密度和植株配置形状的杨树人工林细根生物量特征研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(1): 179-185.
[13]	权伟,郑方东,戎建涛. 浙江乌岩岭7种林分土壤碳密度及碳氮比分布特征[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 43(01): 175-180.
[14]	田耀武,刘谊锋,王聪,王罡,和武宇恒. 伏牛山森林土壤有机碳密度与环境因子的关联性分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 43(01): 83-90.
[15]	孟苗婧,张金池,郭晓平,吴家森,赵有朋,叶立新,刘胜龙. 海拔变化对黄山松阔叶混交林土壤有机碳组分的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 42(06): 106-112.