兴安落叶松林火烧迹地土壤速效钾时空动态分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201906009

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 141-147.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201906009

兴安落叶松林火烧迹地土壤速效钾时空动态分析

周司涵(), 张韫^*(), 崔晓阳

东北林业大学林学院,森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2019-06-06 修回日期:2020-04-29 出版日期:2020-10-30 发布日期:2020-10-30
通讯作者: 张韫
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31570597);国家重点研发计划(2016YFA0600803);中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目(2572017PZ05)

Temporal and spatial dynamics of soil available potassium in a post-fire Larix gmelinii forest

ZHOU Sihan(), ZHANG Yun^*(), CUI Xiaoyang

Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Received:2019-06-06 Revised:2020-04-29 Online:2020-10-30 Published:2020-10-30
Contact: ZHANG Yun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究不同强度火干扰下兴安落叶松林土壤速效钾含量的时空变化,探讨其变化规律与空间格局的形成原因,分析火烧迹地恢复初期土壤速效钾营养水平,为林地土壤钾营养调控与管理提供参考。【方法】在大兴安岭北部兴安落叶松林地布设固定采样点,进行林火点烧试验,分别于火烧前、火烧后、融雪季后和生长季采用土钻法在固定点位30 cm半径内采集土壤样品,采用乙酸铵法测定土壤速效钾含量,分析轻、中、重度火烧区土壤速效钾时空变化特征。【结果】①轻度火烧区,土壤速效钾含量未因火烧立即发生明显变化,但在融雪季显著上升,生长季仍维持较高水平;中、重度火烧区,则在火烧后立即升高,融雪季进一步上升,而后相对稳定;②火烧强度空间格局与土壤速效钾含量空间格局在融雪季和生长季均极显著正相关,与土壤速效钾含量变化率在火烧后的各时期均极显著正相关;原生土壤速效钾含量与火烧后各时期土壤速效钾含量及其变化率均显著相关;火烧后,土壤速效钾空间格局是原生土壤速效钾含量空间格局与火烧强度空间格局综合作用的结果。【结论】经过融雪季与生长季,兴安落叶松林轻、中、重度火烧区土壤速效钾含量显著升高,有利于火烧迹地恢复初期森林植被更新与改造。

关键词: 兴安落叶松林, 林火试验, 火烧迹地, 土壤速效钾, 时空变化

Abstract:

【Objective】 Both the temporal variation and spatial distribution of soil available potassium content were investigated in post-fire areas in a Larix gmelinii forest that experienced different intensity burns. The variation regularity and spatial pattern were also considered to better understand the characteristics of soil available potassium during the early restoration of burned plots and to provide insights into forest ecosystem restoration after fire disturbance.【Method】 In an L. gmelinii forest in the northern Great Xing’an Mountain region, fixed sampling points were established prior to conducting a fire experiment with three burn intensities (mild, moderate and severe). Using a soil core method, soil samples were collected within a 30 cm radius of each fixed sampling point before and after the burn, following the snowmelt season, and during the growing season. The soil available potassium content was determined using the ammo-nium acetate method. Temporal and spatial dynamics of soil available potassium in the post-fire areas were analyzed and compared.【Result】① In the mildly burned area, soil available potassium content was the same pre- and post-fire, but increased significantly following the snowmelt season, and remained at a high level during the growing season. In the moderately and severely burned areas, there was a post-fire increase in soil available potassium content which increased further following the snowmelt season, and remained unchanged during the growing season. ② The spatial pattern of burn intensity was positively correlated with the spatial pattern of soil available potassium content following the snowmelt season and during the growing season. The change rate of available potassium content after the fire was significantly positively correlated with burn intensity across all sampling times. The available potassium content or its change rate following the fire was significantly correlated with native soil available potassium content across all sampling times. The post-fire spatial pattern of soil available potassium was related to both the native soil available potassium content and burn intensity.【Conclusion】Following the snowmelt season, and during the growing season, soil available potassium content significantly increased in mildly, moderately and severely burned areas in an L. gmelinii forest. This may be beneficial for regeneration and reforestation during the initial post-fire recovery stage.

Key words: Larix gmelinii forest, forest fire experiment, burned area, soil available potassium, temporal and spatial dynamics

中图分类号:

S714.5

周司涵,张韫,崔晓阳. 兴安落叶松林火烧迹地土壤速效钾时空动态分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(5): 141-147.

ZHOU Sihan, ZHANG Yun, CUI Xiaoyang. Temporal and spatial dynamics of soil available potassium in a post-fire Larix gmelinii forest[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 44(5): 141-147.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201906009.

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火烧区 burned area	采样时间 sample time	土壤速效钾含量变化率的点位分布率分级 classification of fixed sampling points distribution percent on SAPC							变化率分布范围 SAPC range	平均变化率 average SAPC
火烧区 burned area	采样时间 sample time	≥-15%~0	≥0~15%	≥15%~30%	≥30%~45%	≥45%~60%	≥60%~75%	≥75%~90%	变化率分布范围 SAPC range	平均变化率 average SAPC
轻度 mild	T₁	40.0	50.0	10.0					-6.9~25.1	3.9
	T₂		40.0	35.0	20.0			5.0	4.4~78.4	22.0
	T₃	10.0	50.0	15.0	5.0	15.0		5.0	-3.9~87.3	20.2
中度 moderate	T₁	37.0	55.6	7.4					-7.2~17.6	3.9
	T₂		14.8	70.4	14.8				12.3~35.6	22.3
	T₃	3.7	37.0	44.4	11.1	3.7			-5.8~49.3	18.9
重度 severe	T₁		26.3	73.7					8.6~26.9	17.8
	T₂			5.3	52.6	42.1			28.9~58.4	43.4
	T₃			15.8	47.4	26.3	10.5		21.7~68.4	41.7

采样时间 sample time	轻度火烧区mild burned area				中度火烧区 moderate burned area				重度火烧区 severe burned area
采样时间 sample time	T₀	T₁	T₂	T₃	T₀	T₁	T₂	T₃	T₀	T₁	T₂	T₃
T₁	0.064				0.004^**				0.000^**
T₂	0.000^**	0.000^**			0.000^**	0.000^**			0.000^**	0.000^**
T₃	0.000^**	0.000^**	0.135		0.000^**	0.000^**	0.081		0.000^**	0.000^**	0.851

采样时间 sample time	土壤速效钾含量与火烧强度等级 correlation between SAP and fire intensity subclass		土壤速效钾含量变化率与火烧强度等级 correlation between SAPC and fire intensity subclass		火烧迹地土壤速效钾含量与火烧前速效钾含量 correlation between SAP in burned plot and unburned plot		火烧迹地土壤速效钾含量变化率与火烧前速效钾含量 correlation between SAPC in burned plot and SAP in unburned plot
采样时间 sample time	相关系数(r) correlation coefficient	P	相关系数(r) correlation coefficient	P	相关系数(r) correlation coefficient	P	相关系数(r) correlation coefficient	P
T₀	0.090	0.471
T₁	0.173	0.165	0.574	0.000^**	0.914	0.000^**	-0.280	0.023^*
T₂	0.322	0.008^**	0.567	0.000^**	0.850	0.000^**	-0.498	0.000^**
T₃	0.318	0.009^**	0.424	0.000^**	0.723	0.000^**	-0.381	0.002^**

兴安落叶松林火烧迹地土壤速效钾时空动态分析

Temporal and spatial dynamics of soil available potassium in a post-fire Larix gmelinii forest

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