乌兰布和沙漠人工梭梭茎干液流季节变化及其与气象因子的关系

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201909036

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 131-139.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201909036

乌兰布和沙漠人工梭梭茎干液流季节变化及其与气象因子的关系

黄雅茹¹(), 辛智鸣¹, 李永华²^,^*(), 马迎宾¹, 董雪¹, 罗凤敏¹, 李新乐¹, 段瑞兵¹

1.中国林业科学研究院沙漠林业实验中心/内蒙古磴口荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站,内蒙古磴口 015200
2.中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,北京 100091

收稿日期:2019-09-20 修回日期:2020-09-01 出版日期:2020-11-30 发布日期:2020-12-07
通讯作者: 李永华
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41671049);国家重点研发计划(2017YFC503804-4);科技基础资源调查专项项目(2017FY100203-1)

Seasonal variation of the stem sap flow of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) Bunge and its relationship with meteorological factors in Ulan Buh Desert

HUANG Yaru¹(), XIN Zhiming¹, LI Yonghua²^,^*(), MA Yingbin¹, DONG Xue¹, LUO Fengmin¹, LI Xinle¹, DUAN Ruibin¹

1. Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Inner Mongolia Dengkou Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Dengkou 015200,China
2. Institute of Destertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091,China

Received:2019-09-20 Revised:2020-09-01 Online:2020-11-30 Published:2020-12-07
Contact: LI Yonghua

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】揭示乌兰布和沙漠1979年人工种植梭梭水分利用过程,以期为当地梭梭林的经营管理提供理论参考。【方法】利用PS-TDP8树木茎流监测系统和自动气象站对乌兰布和沙漠梭梭的液流变化及其周围的气象因子进行观测。【结果】梭梭晴天茎干液流日变化呈“单峰型”。春、夏、秋季梭梭茎干液流连日变化趋势一致,白天液流速率高于夜间,且夜间液流速率变化幅度小。5、7、9月时茎干直径12.5 cm的梭梭液流启动时间均早于直径8.95 cm的梭梭,平均液流速率也较高。茎干直径12.5 cm的梭梭在5、7、9月的液流峰值分别为2.90、4.18、3.15 cm/h,液流日累积量分别为12.29、14.23、9.44 L;茎干直径8.95 cm的梭梭同时期液流峰值分别为1.06、1.20、1.07 cm/h,液流日累积量分别为2.84、3.68、3.10 L;同一茎干直径梭梭在7月的液流日累积量最大。梭梭液流日变化中,晴天为“单峰型”,雨天呈“双峰型”;雨天液流峰值及夜间液流均低于晴天。夏季茎干液流启动时间最早,峰值出现时间最早,峰值最大;春季液流启动时间最晚,峰值出现时间最晚,峰值最小。春、夏、秋季梭梭夜间均存在微弱液流。【结论】影响梭梭液流速率的气象因子中,春季主要为太阳总辐射、空气温度、风速,夏季主要为太阳总辐射、空气相对湿度、风速,秋季主要为太阳总辐射、空气温度。

关键词: 梭梭, 茎干液流, 乌兰布和沙漠, 气象因子

Abstract:

【Objective】The water use process of artificially planted Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) Bunge in 1979 in Ulan Buh Desert was revealed to provide a theoretical support for the management of the local H. ammodendron forest. 【Method】The PS-TDP8 tree stem flow monitoring system and automatic meteorological station were used to observe the sap flow changes of H. ammodendron in Ulan Buh Desert and surrounding meteorological factors. 【Result】Diurnal variations of the stem sap flow of H. ammodendron during sunny days showed a “single peak”. The daily change trend of H. ammodendron stem sap flow during spring, summer and autumn was consistent. The sap flow rate during the day was higher than that during the night; however, the sap flow rate at night varied slightly. In May, July and September, the sap flow of H. ammodendron with a stem diameter of 12.5 cm started earlier than that with a stem diameter of 8.95 cm, and the average sap flow rate was also higher. The peak sap flow of H. ammodendron with a stem diameter of 12.5 cm in May, July and September was 2.90, 4.18 and 3.15 cm/h, respectively, and daily cumulative volumes of sap flow were 12.29, 14.23 and 9.44 L, respectively. The peak sap flow of H. ammodendron with a diameter of 8.95 cm during the same period was 1.06, 1.20 and 1.07 cm/h, respectively, and daily cumulative volumes of sap flow were 2.84, 3.68 and 3.10 L, respectively; H. ammodendron Bunge with the same diameter had the largest daily accumulation of sap flow in July. The sap flow of H. ammodendron was “single-peaked” on sunny days and “double-peaked” on rainy days. The peak sap flow on rainy days and nights was lower than that on sunny days. In summer, the stem sap flow started the earliest, the peak appeared the earliest, and the peak was the largest. The spring sap flow started the latest, the peak appeared the latest, and the peak was the smallest. Whether it was spring, summer or autumn, there was a weak liquid flow in H. ammodendron at night. 【Conclusion】In spring, the meteorological factors affecting the flow rate of H. ammodendron mainly included solar radiation, air temperature, and wind speed. In summer, the meteorological factors affec-ting the flow rate of H. ammodendron mainly included solar total radiation, relative humidity of air, and wind speed. In autumn, the meteorological factors affecting the flow rate of H. ammodendron mainly included solar total radiation and air temperature.

Key words: Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) Bunge, sap flow, Ulan Buh Desert, meteorological factors

中图分类号:

Q948.1
S718

黄雅茹,辛智鸣,李永华,等. 乌兰布和沙漠人工梭梭茎干液流季节变化及其与气象因子的关系[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(6): 131-139.

HUANG Yaru, XIN Zhiming, LI Yonghua, MA Yingbin, DONG Xue, LUO Fengmin, LI Xinle, DUAN Ruibin. Seasonal variation of the stem sap flow of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) Bunge and its relationship with meteorological factors in Ulan Buh Desert[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 44(6): 131-139.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201909036.

图/表 6

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表2

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因子 factors	季节 season	茎干液流 sap flow	太阳总辐射 total solar radiation	空气温度 air temperature	空气相对湿度 air relative humidity	风速 wind speed
茎干液流 sap flow	春季spring	1	0.844^**	0.739^**	-0.567^**	0.607^**
	夏季summer	1	0.590^**	0.470^**	-0.484^**	0.326^**
	秋季autumn	1	0.733^**	0.673^**	-0.538^**	0.440^**
太阳总辐射 total solar radiation	春季spring	0.844^**	1	0.643^**	-0.480^**	0.540^**
	夏季summer	0.590^**	1	0.644^**	-0.614^**	0.514^**
	秋季autumn	0.733^**	1	0.771^**	-0.597^**	0.516^**
温度 air temperature	春季spring	0.739^**	0.643^**	1	-0.809^**	0.581^**
	夏季summer	0.470^**	0.644^**	1	-0.886^**	0.612^**
	秋季autumn	0.673^**	0.771^**	1	-0.904^**	0.677^**
相对湿度 air relative humidity	春季spring	-0.567^**	-0.480^**	-0.809^**	1	-0.577^**
	夏季summer	-0.484^**	-0.614^**	-0.886^**	1	-0.714^**
	秋季autumn	-0.538^**	-0.597^**	-0.904^**	1	-0.628^**
风速 wind speed	春季spring	0.607^**	0.540^**	0.581^**	-0.577^**	1
	夏季summer	0.326^**	0.514^**	0.612^**	-0.714^**	1
	秋季autumn	0.440^**	0.516^**	0.677^**	-0.628^**	1

乌兰布和沙漠人工梭梭茎干液流季节变化及其与气象因子的关系

Seasonal variation of the stem sap flow of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) Bunge and its relationship with meteorological factors in Ulan Buh Desert

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