AM真菌对盐碱胁迫下杜梨幼苗生长与生理代谢的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.202001045

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 152-160.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.202001045

AM真菌对盐碱胁迫下杜梨幼苗生长与生理代谢的影响

姜磊¹^,²(), 李焕勇³, 张芹⁴, 张会龙¹, 乔艳辉⁵, 张华新¹, 杨秀艳¹^,^*()

1.中国林业科学研究院国家林业和草原局盐碱地研究中心,北京 100091
2.廊坊市农林科学院,河北廊坊 065000
3.天津市林业果树研究所,天津 300384
4.张家港英华材料科技有限公司,江苏张家港 215600
5.山东省林业科学研究院,山东济南 250014

收稿日期:2020-01-22 修回日期:2020-03-05 出版日期:2020-11-30 发布日期:2020-12-07
通讯作者: 杨秀艳
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41871195);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2017ZA007-3);国家科技基础性工作专项项目(2015FY110500-10);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0501403)

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi on the growth and physiological metabolism of Pyrus betulaefolia Bunge seedlings under saline-alkaline stress

JIANG Lei¹^,²(), LI Huanyong³, ZHANG Qin⁴, ZHANG Huilong¹, QIAO Yanhui⁵, ZHANG Huaxin¹, YANG Xiuyan¹^,^*()

1. Research Center of Saline and Alkali Land of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
2. Langfang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Langfang 065000, China
3. Tianjin Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Tianjin 300384, China
4. Zhangjiagang Yinghua Material Technology Co., Ltd., Zhangjiagan 215600,China
5. Shandong Academy of Forestry Science, Jinan 250014,China

Received:2020-01-22 Revised:2020-03-05 Online:2020-11-30 Published:2020-12-07
Contact: YANG Xiuyan

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究接种丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, AMF)对盐碱胁迫下杜梨幼苗生长与生理代谢及耐盐碱能力的影响,为杜梨菌根苗在盐碱地上植被构建中的应用提供理论依据。【方法】采用双因素试验设计,以1年生杜梨实生苗为材料,将幼苗分为AMF(摩西管柄囊霉,Funneliformis mosseae)接种和未接种两组,以Na₂CO₃同时进行盐碱处理(浓度梯度为0、100、200和300 mmol/L),并测定其生长与生理性状。【结果】接种AMF提高了盐碱胁迫下杜梨幼苗的株高生长量(△H)以及生物量积累,与未接种幼苗相比,接种组幼苗的△H和生物量在盐碱胁迫下降低的幅度显著减小。丛枝菌根在一定程度上降低了Na⁺在杜梨根和叶的积累,在3个Na₂CO₃浓度处理下,接种组幼苗根中Na⁺的含量分别比未接种组低10.8%、21.6%和19.4%,从而提高了接种组幼苗根和叶中K⁺/Na⁺、Ca²⁺/Na⁺、Mg²⁺/Na⁺的比值以维持较好的离子平衡状态。接种AMF可以提高盐碱胁迫下杜梨幼苗叶的叶绿素含量,降低脯氨酸和丙二醛在叶中的积累,表明接种AMF可以减轻盐碱胁迫对杜梨造成的离子毒害与过氧化伤害。【结论】AMF直接影响盐碱胁迫下杜梨幼苗生理代谢,提高其光合色素含量,维持其体内离子相对平衡,减少活性氧伤害,从而提高了杜梨幼苗的耐盐碱能力,促进其在盐碱胁迫下的生长。

关键词: 盐碱胁迫, 杜梨, 丛枝菌根真菌, 离子平衡, 耐盐碱

Abstract:

【Objective】To provide a scientific guidance for the application of Pyrus betulaefolia Bunge rhizome seedlings in afforestation of saline-alkaline lands, the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on plant growth and physiological characteristics in P. betulaefolia Bunge seedlings under saline-alkaline stress were investigated. 【Method】A two-factor experimental design was conducted to compare the impacts of AMF inoculation and saline-alkaline stress on the growth and physiological metabolism on one-year-old P. betulaefolia Bunge seedlings. The seedlings were divided into two groups [AMF (Funneliformis mosseae) inoculated and non-inoculated] and were treated with Na₂CO₃ (concentration gradient: 0, 100, 200 and 300 mmol/L) at the same time, and their growth and physiological characteristics were measured. 【Result】The AMF significantly increased plant height growth and biomass accumulation of P. betulaefolia Bunge seedlings under the Na₂CO₃ treatment. The decrease of △H and biomass under the salt-alkali stress was inhibited by AMF inoculation. AMF inoculation significantly affected the absorption and distribution of K⁺, Na⁺,Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ in P. betulaefolia Bunge. Na⁺ content in seedling roots of the inoculated was 10.8%, 21.6% and 19.4 lower than that of the non-inoculated under 3 different Na₂CO₃ concentrations, respectively. The K⁺/Na⁺, Ca²⁺/Na⁺ and Mg²⁺/Na⁺ ratios in the roots and leaves of seedlings inoculated with AMF were higher than those of the seedlings without inoculation because of the decline of Na⁺ absorption. Inoculation with AMF can reduce proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) content and increase the chlorophyll contents in seedling leaves, indicating that AMF can alleviate the oxidative damage and ion toxicity of saline-alkali stress on seedlings. 【Conclusion】It is conclude that AMF inoculation increased the content of photosynthetic pigment, maintained the relative ions balance in the plant and alleviate the oxidative stress, thus improving the salt-alkali tolerance and promoting the seedlings growth of P. betulaefolia Bunge under saline-alkaline stress.

Key words: saline-alkaline stress, Pyrus betulaefolia Bunge, arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF), ion homeostasis, salt-alkali tolerance

中图分类号:

S728

姜磊,李焕勇,张芹,等. AM真菌对盐碱胁迫下杜梨幼苗生长与生理代谢的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(6): 152-160.

JIANG Lei, LI Huanyong, ZHANG Qin, ZHANG Huilong, QIAO Yanhui, ZHANG Huaxin, YANG Xiuyan. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi on the growth and physiological metabolism of Pyrus betulaefolia Bunge seedlings under saline-alkaline stress[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 44(6): 152-160.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.202001045.

图/表 4

图1

图2

表1

盐碱胁迫下AMF对杜梨幼苗不同器官中矿质元素含量的影响"

Na₂CO₃ 浓度 /(mmol·L^-1) Na₂CO₃ concentration	菌根 mycorr- hiza	K⁺/%					Na⁺/%						K⁺/Na⁺						Ca²⁺/%
Na₂CO₃ 浓度 /(mmol·L^-1) Na₂CO₃ concentration	菌根 mycorr- hiza	根 root	茎 stem		叶 leaf		根 root		茎 stem		叶 leaf		根 root		茎 stem		叶 leaf		根 root	茎 stem
CK	+AM	0.526± 0.004 a	0.659± 0.003 a		1.280± 0.001 d		0.827± 0.011 c		0.855± 0.003 d		1.015± 0.003 e		0.636± 0.012 a		0.771± 0.007 cd		1.261± 0.003 c		0.227± 0.003 e	0.843± 0.001 c
CK	-AM	0.450± 0.004 b	0.591± 0.001 d		1.250± 0.003 e		0.844± 0.023 c		0.753± 0.002 f		1.010± 0.001 e		0.533± 0.011 b		0.785± 0.003 c		1.238± 0.002 b		0.312± 0.001 a	0.978± 0.002 b
100	+AM	0.379± 0.006 c	0.630± 0.003 b		1.368± 0.004 b		0.847± 0.002 c		0.979± 0.000 b		0.921± 0.001 f		0.447± 0.006 c		0.643± 0.004 e		1.485± 0.006 a		0.235± 0.001 d	0.798± 0.004 d
100	-AM	0.306± 0.003 d	0.593± 0.002 d		1.637± 0.004 a		0.950± 0.001 a		0.682± 0.001 g		1.334± 0.008 c		0.322± 0.004 e		0.870± 0.004 b		1.227± 0.005 c		0.268± 0.002 b	1.019± 0.009 a
200	+AM	0.294± 0.003 e	0.609± 0.004 c		1.211± 0.004 f		0.741± 0.006 d		0.685± 0.001 g		1.019± 0.001 e		0.397± 0.004 d		0.889± 0.008 a		1.188± 0.004 d		0.210± 0.001 f	0.789± 0.006 d
200	-AM	0.298± 0.003d e	0.597± 0.004 d		1.291± 0.002 c		0.945± 0.002 a		0.961± 0.003 c		1.283± 0.003 d		0.315± 0.004 e		0.621± 0.007 f		1.006± 0.002 e		0.229± 0.001 c	0.800± 0.002 d
300	+AM	0.195± 0.002 g	0.463± 0.004 e		1.024± 0.003 h		0.731± 0.005 d		1.205± 0.003 a		1.500± 0.001 b		0.267± 0.001 f		0.384± 0.002 g		0.683± 0.002 f		0.212± 0.002 de	0.520± 0.002 e
300	-AM	0.221± 0.003 f	0.591± 0.002 d		1.063± 0.002 g		0.907± 0.001 b		0.771± 0.001 e		1.696± 0.002 a		0.244± 0.003 g		0.767± 0.001 d		0.626± 0.001 g		0.221± 0.004 f	0.798± 0.002 d
接种AMF AMF		**	NS		NS		**		**		**		**		**		**		**	**
盐碱处理 Na₂CO₃		**	**		**		**		**		**		**		**		**		**	**
AMF×Na₂CO₃		**	**		**		**		*		**		**		*		**		**	**
Na₂CO₃ 浓度 /(mmol·L^-1) Na₂CO₃ concentration	菌根 mycorr- hiza	Ca²⁺/%		Ca²⁺/Na⁺						Mg²⁺/%						Mg²⁺/Na⁺
Na₂CO₃ 浓度 /(mmol·L^-1) Na₂CO₃ concentration	菌根 mycorr- hiza	叶 leaf		根 root		茎 stem		叶 leaf		根 root		茎 stem		叶 leaf		根 root		茎 stem		叶 leaf
CK	+AM	0.692± 0.001 c		0.275± 0.006 d		0.985± 0.005 e		0.681± 0.001 b		0.093± 0.001 bc		0.105± 0.004 b		0.157± 0.001 ab		0.113± 0.003 ab		0.120± 0.034 c		0.154± 0.000 bc
CK	-AM	0.737± 0.004 b		0.370± 0.011 a		1.300± 0.003 b		0.730± 0.004 a		0.105± 0.009 a		0.114± 0.002 a		0.163± 0.003 a		0.124± 0.011 a		0.151± 0.003 b		0.162± 0.003 a
100	+AM	0.601± 0.002 e		0.278± 0.001 c		0.815± 0.004 f		0.652± 0.001 c		0.090± 0.001 bc		0.123± 0.001 bc		0.144± 0.002 d		0.106± 0.001 bc		0.105± 0.001 d		0.156± 0.002 ab
100	-AM	0.684± 0.001 c		0.282± 0.002 c		1.500± 0.016 a		0.512± 0.003 f		0.100± 0.001 ab		0.114± 0.002 a		0.140± 0.003 d		0.105± 0.001 bc		0.167± 0.002 a		0.105± 0.001 e
200	+AM	0.638± 0.002 d		0.283± 0.001 c		1.151± 0.010 c		0.627± 0.002 d		0.084± 0.001 cd		0.100± 0.003 c		0.145± 0.002 cd		0.114± 0.002 ab		1.012± 0.043 b		0.142± 0.002 c
200	-AM	0.755± 0.003 a		0.258± 0.002 d		0.832± 0.002 f		0.588± 0.001 e		0.095± 0.002 abc		0.103± 0.002 bc		0.152± 0.001 bc		0.100± 0.002 c		0.107± 0.002 d		0.118± 0.001 d
300	+AM	0.938± 0.024 a		0.313± 0.002 b		0.431± 0.001 g		0.625± 0.016 d		0.075± 0.006 d		0.083± 0.006 e		0.132± 0.002 e		0.103± 0.001 c		0.069± 0.005 e		0.088± 0.001 f
300	-AM	0.692± 0.003 c		0.234± 0.005 e		1.034± 0.001 d		0.408± 0.002 g		0.092± 0.002 bc		0.092± 0.001 d		0.139± 0.004 de		0.101± 0.002 c		0.119± 0.001 c		0.082± 0.002 f
接种AMF AMF		NS		NS		**		**		**		*		*		*		**		NS
盐碱处理 Na₂CO₃		**		**		NS		NS		**		*		**		**		**		**
AMF×Na₂CO₃		**		**		**		**		**		NS		NS		NS		NS		**

表1

表2

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Na₂CO₃浓度 Na₂CO₃ concentration	菌根 mycorrhiza	含量
Na₂CO₃浓度 Na₂CO₃ concentration	菌根 mycorrhiza	叶绿素a/ (mg·g^-1) Chl a/	叶绿素b (mg·g^-1) Chl b/	总叶绿素/ (mg·g^-1 ) Chl a+b	类胡罗卜素/ (mg·g^-1) Car	可溶性糖/ (mmol·g^-1) SS	脯氨酸/ (μg·g^-1) Pro	丙二醛/ (nmol·g^-1) MDA	还原型谷胱甘肽/ (μmol·g^-1) GSH
CK	+AM	0.809±0.008 a	0.382±0.012 a	1.191±0.005 a	0.140±0.006 abc	0.078±0.002 c	11.829±0.754 b	1.001±0.000 d	0.659±0.013 b
CK	-AM	0.649±0.052 bc	0.266±0.014 cd	0.916±0.067 bc	0.130±0.010 abc	0.087±0.002 bc	10.281±1.939 b	1.533±0.000 bcd	1.002±0.164 ab
100	+AM	0.747±0.034 ab	0.353±0.039 ab	1.100±0.072 ab	0.131±0.003 abc	0.083±0.004 bc	12.052±1.991 b	1.234±0.000 d	0.842±0.081 b
100	-AM	0.739±0.046 ab	0.296±0.016 c	1.035±0.062 ab	0.153±0.010 a	0.092±0.004 bc	8.611±1.832 b	1.567±0.000 cd	1.086±0.010 a
200	+AM	0.802±0.034 a	0.355±0.009 ab	1.157±0.043 a	0.148±0.005 ab	0.094±0.006 b	15.340±1.251 b	1.333±0.000 cd	0.750±0.072 b
200	-AM	0.586±0.023 c	0.238±0.013 cd	0.824±0.036 c	0.121±0.003 c	0.093±0.009 bc	20.982±5.877 a	2.000±0.000 bc	1.088±0.133 a
300	+AM	0.538±0.051 c	0.213±0.021 d	0.751±0.072 c	0.126±0.005 bc	0.096±0.004 b	21.954±1.036 a	2.300±0.000 b	1.146±0.058 a
300	-AM	0.553±0.066 c	0.214±0.026 d	0.768±0.092 c	0.126±0.013 bc	0.124±0.003 a	23.833±3.253 a	2.967±0.000 a	1.158±0.025 a
接种AMF inoculated AMF		NS	**	*	NS	NS	NS	**	*
盐碱处理 Na₂CO₃		**	*	**	NS	*	**	**	N.S
AMF×Na₂CO₃		*	*	*.	NS	*	NS	NS	NS

AM真菌对盐碱胁迫下杜梨幼苗生长与生理代谢的影响

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi on the growth and physiological metabolism of Pyrus betulaefolia Bunge seedlings under saline-alkaline stress

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