漳州地区交趾黄檀幼龄期生长表现及适应性分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.202003001

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 118-124.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.202003001

漳州地区交趾黄檀幼龄期生长表现及适应性分析

洪舟¹(), 吴培衍², 张金文³, 王维辉³, 许丽鸿⁴, 申巍⁵, 徐大平¹^,^*()

1.中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州 510520
2.龙海林下国有林场,福建龙海 363118
3.漳州市林业局,福建漳州 363000
4.诏安国有防护林场,福建诏安 363500
5.漳州市林业科学研究所,福建漳浦 363200

收稿日期:2020-03-02 修回日期:2020-04-20 出版日期:2020-11-30 发布日期:2020-12-07
通讯作者: 徐大平
基金资助:
福建省林业厅科技重点资助项目(闽林科[2016]3号);国家林业局引进国际先进林业科学技术项目(2015-4-11);国家林业局引进国际先进林业科学技术项目(2016-4-04)

Early growth performances and adaptability of Dalbergia cochinchinensis in Zhangzhou, Fujian Province

HONG Zhou¹(), WU Peiyan², ZHANG Jinwen³, WANG Weihui³, XU Lihong⁴, SHEN Wei⁵, XU Daping¹^,^*()

1. Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China
2. Longhai Forest State-owned Forest Farm, Longhai 363118, China
3. Zhangzhou Forest Bureau, Zhangzhou 363000, China
4. Zhaoan State-owned Shelterbelt Farm, Zhao’an 363500, China
5. Zhangpu Institute of Forestry Sciences, Zhangpu 363200, China

Received:2020-03-02 Revised:2020-04-20 Online:2020-11-30 Published:2020-12-07
Contact: XU Daping

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究交趾黄檀在漳州地区引种的适应性及稳定性,筛选早期生长优良的家系。【方法】以26个交趾黄檀家系为材料,分别在龙海、诏安和漳浦试验点营造子代测定林,对5年生交趾黄檀地径、胸径和树高生长性状进行多地点联合分析。【结果】生长性状在各试验点均达到极显著水平差异(P<0.01),树高性状的家系×地点互作效应明显,其他性状的家系×立地互作效应则较小。交趾黄檀各生长性状家系遗传力估算值总体较高且各性状间均呈极显著的遗传正相关。综合隶属函数、生产力指数法及基因型分组法等方法,2、13和22号家系在福建省漳州地区的平均生长速度均较快,适应性较强。【结论】交趾黄檀适合在漳州地区生长,且以泰国北柳的13号家系在漳州地区的适应性更强,可作为在漳州地区引种栽培交趾黄檀的首选家系。

关键词: 交趾黄檀, 遗传变异, 多点试验, 家系选择, 遗传稳定性

Abstract:

【Objective】Dalbergia cochinchinensis Pierre is a semi-deciduous tree species of Papilionaceae. It is a rare and endangered tree species used for timber wood, medicine and ornamental trees. It is also one of the eight important red wood afforestation tree species in the reference list of major cultivated and precious tree species in China (2017 edition). In order to study the growth difference and genetic stability of different families of D. cochinchinensis at different sites in Zhangzhou, Fujian Province, the early superior families were preliminarily selected to provide an experimental basis for a subsequent introduction and afforestation. 【Method】In this study, tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH) and ground diameter of family progeny testing for 5-year-old D. cochinchinensis were investigated and analyzed at three sites in Zhangzhou area. The analysis of variance, genetic parameters and correlation of traits were estimated using a mixed linear model. Excellent families were selected through the membership function method and a genetic stability analysis. 【Result】There were significant differences among families in ground diameter, DBH and tree height of 5-year-old D. cochinchinensis within and between experimental sites. The mean ground diameter, DBH and tree height of 5-year-old D. cochinchinensis were 7.67 cm, 5.93 cm and 5.51 m, respectively. These indexes of the largest family were 37.85%, 44.05% and 22.75% higher than those of the smallest family, respectively. Heritability of growth traits of D. cochinchinensis varied with different standing conditions. Moreover, there were higher individual heritability and family heritability (more than 0.38 and 0.70, respectively), for the ground diameter, DBH and tree height, with ranges of 0.38-0.73 and 0.70-0.92, respectively. Results showed that there was a moderate or strong genetic control in the growth traits of the different families of D. cochinchinensis at early stage; however, they were also affected by the growth environment. There was a significant positive genetic correlation between the growth traits of D. cochinchinensis at different locations. In the Zhangpu experimental site, the correlation coefficient of tree height and diameter growth was lower than that observed at the other two testing sites, and there was a significant positive correlation between the ground diameter and DBH of 5-year-old D. cochinchinensis families between the two sites, indicating that the interaction effect of family×site was not obvious. The DBH and DBH traits of each family were stable and were less affected by site conditions. However, there were significant differences in the correlation of tree height traits among the three sites, indicating that the interaction effect of family×site was obvious. With a change in the planting environment, the tree height of a family would change greatly. The comprehensive family membership analysis and multi-site joint analysis of growth stability show that the faster growth rate and stronger adaptability are for families 2, 13, 18 and 22 in the Zhangzhou area of Fujian Province. 【Conclusion】D. cochinchinensis was suitable for growing in Zhangzhou area, and family 13 from Chachoengsao, Thailand had stronger adaptability in Zhangzhou area, therefore, it could be used as an excellent germplasm resource for an introduction and cultivation of D. cochinchinensis in Zhangzhou area.

Key words: Dalbergia cochinchinensis, genetic variation, multi-point test, family selection, genetic stability

中图分类号:

S722.3 ⁺3

洪舟,吴培衍,张金文,等. 漳州地区交趾黄檀幼龄期生长表现及适应性分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(6): 118-124.

HONG Zhou, WU Peiyan, ZHANG Jinwen, WANG Weihui, XU Lihong, SHEN Wei, XU Daping. Early growth performances and adaptability of Dalbergia cochinchinensis in Zhangzhou, Fujian Province[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 44(6): 118-124.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.202003001.

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国家 country	种源地 provenance location	家系号 family No.	经度(E) longitude	纬度(N) latitude	海拔/ m altitude
泰国Thailand	呵叻Nakhon Ratchasima	1	102.10°	14.98°	184
泰国Thailand	北柳Chachoengsao	2、3、5、6、13、14、15、16、18、19	101.08°	13.69°	7
泰国Thailand	巴真Prachin Buri	4、7、8、9、10、11、12	101.66°	14.04°	19
柬埔寨Cambodia	马德望Battambang	17	103.20°	13.10°	17
泰国Thailand	坤敬Khon Kaen	20	102.84°	16.44°	169
柬埔寨Cambodia	暹粒Siem Reap	21	103.84°	13.37°	18
泰国Thailand	彭世洛Phitsanulok	22	100.27°	16.82°	50
柬埔寨Cambodia	磅湛Kampong Cham	23	105.46°	11.99°	21
柬埔寨Cambodia	菩萨Pursat	24	103.89°	12.47°	39
柬埔寨Cambodia	菩萨Pursat	25	103.25°	12.36°	80
泰国Thailand	坤敬Khon Kaen	26	102.79°	16.46°	200

试验点 site	经度 (E) latitude	纬度 (N) longitude	海拔/m elevation	年平均气温/℃ annual average temperature	年降水量/ mm annual rainfall	土壤类型 soil type	立地类型 site type	混交树种 mixed tree species
龙海 Longhai	117°30'	24°28'	110	20.3	1 650.0	山地红壤	Ⅱ	红花天料木 Homalium hainanense
诏安 Zhao’an	111°59'	24°01'	207	21.3	1 447.5	红壤	Ⅱ	大果紫檀 Pterocarpus macrocarpus
漳浦 Zhangpu	117°41'	24°18'	120	21.0	1 500.0	红壤	Ⅲ	卷荚相思 Acacia cincinnata

试验点 traits	指标 index	地径/cm ground diameter	胸径/cm DBH	树高/m tree height
龙海 Longhai	均值mean	7.55	5.61	5.58
	变幅range	1.9~12.2	0.9~9.5	2.0~8.0
	变异系数/%CV	22.38	23.88	16.84
	家系family	15.01^**	10.87^**	3.28^**
	区组block	11.49^**	7.46^**	5.15^**
	区组×家系 block×family	2.49	1.39	0.94^**
	机误error	2.35	1.47	0.63
诏安 Zhao’an	均值mean	7.04	5.46	5.22
	变幅range	1.2~10.8	1.0~9.4	1.6~7.5
	变异系数/%CV	23.47	25.59	17.97
	家系family	29.15^**	19.34^**	7.36^**
	区组block	4.36^**	2.21	4.66^**
	区组×家系 block×family	2.12^*	1.61^*	0.93^**
	机误error	1.67	1.25	0.61
漳浦 Zhangpu	均值mean	8.53	6.83	5.75
	变幅range	2.7~13.5	2.3~11.4	2.0~7.5
	变异系数/%CV	20.98	24.01	13.21
	家系family	28.46^**	11.51^**	2.49^**
	区组block	4.25^**	3.36	2.11^**
	区组×家系 block×family	2.08^**	2.06	0.78^**
	机误error	1.66	2.46	0.49
多点 multi- site	均值mean	7.67	5.93	5.51
	变幅range	1.2~13.5	0.9~11.4	1.6~8.0
	变异系数/%CV	23.59	26.64	16.69
	家系family	37.40^**	30.50^**	6.63^**
	地点site	391.20^**	405.70^**	51.98^**
	地点×家系 site×family	9.60^**	5.80^**	2.86^**
	地点内区组×家系 site/block×family	2.60^*	1.60	0.99^**
	机误error	2.20	1.70	0.53

地点 site	性状 traits	单株遗传力 single-tree heritability	家系遗传力 family heritability
龙海 Longhai	地径 ground diameter	0.59±0.17	0.82±0.05
	胸径 DBH	0.73±0.19	0.86±0.03
	树高 tree height	0.38±0.14	0.70±0.08
诏安 Zhao’an	地径 ground diameter	0.67±0.13	0.92±0.02
	胸径 DBH	0.62±0.13	0.92±0.02
	树高 tree height	0.46±0.11	0.86±0.03
漳浦 Zhangpu	地径 ground diameter	0.46±0.15	0.76±0.06
	胸径 DBH	0.49±0.15	0.78±0.06
	树高 tree height	0.49±0.17	0.72±0.08
多点 multi- site	地径 ground diameter	0.45±0.15	0.74±0.08
	胸径 DBH	0.52±0.16	0.79±0.07
	树高 tree height	0.23±0.11	0.56±0.15

地点 site	地径-胸径 ground DBH	地径-树高 ground diameter- tree height	胸径-树高 DBH-tree height
林下 Linxia	0.99±0.01^**	0.99±0.05^**	0.92±0.06^**
诏安 Zhao’an	0.97±0.01^**	0.93±0.03^**	0.91±0.04^**
马口 Makou	0.99±0.01^**	0.86±0.08^**	0.79±0.11^**
多点 multi-site	0.99±0.01^**	0.93±0.05^**	0.90±0.07^**

漳州地区交趾黄檀幼龄期生长表现及适应性分析

Early growth performances and adaptability of Dalbergia cochinchinensis in Zhangzhou, Fujian Province

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性状 traits	龙海-漳浦 Longhai- Zhangpu	龙海-诏安 Longhai- Zhao’an	漳浦-诏安 Zhangpu- Zhao’an
地径 ground diameter	0.80±0.12^**	0.45±0.18^**	0.65±0.15^**
胸径 DBH	0.88±0.09^**	0.53±0.16^**	0.67±0.14^**
树高 tree height	0.39±0.22^*	0.10±0.23	0.70±0.13^**

排名 rank	龙海 Longhai	诏安 Zhao’an	漳浦 Zhangpu	多点 multi-site
1	13	13	13	13
2	22	18	16	22
3	2	6	15	2
4	26	2	18	15
5	15	22	6	18
6	1	16	22	6
7	18	15	14	16
8	14	5	3	3
9	3	3	2	14
10	24	19	20	5

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排名 rank	龙海 Longhai	诏安 Zhao’an	漳浦 Zhangpu	多点 multi-site
1	13	13	13	13
2	22	18	16	22
3	2	6	15	2
4	26	2	18	15
5	15	22	6	18
6	1	16	22	6
7	18	15	14	16
8	14	5	3	3
9	3	3	2	14
10	24	19	20	5

排名 rank	龙海 Longhai	诏安 Zhao’an	漳浦 Zhangpu	多点 multi-site
1	13	13	13	13
2	22	18	16	22
3	2	6	15	2
4	26	2	18	15
5	15	22	6	18
6	1	16	22	6
7	18	15	14	16
8	14	5	3	3
9	3	3	2	14
10	24	19	20	5