Abstract: By sulfate-anthraquinone and soda-anthraquinone processes effects of ratioes of alkali and anthiaquinone to wood chips, cooking temperatures and durations on pulp yields and properties of four Italian poplars were studied. The test results and regression analyses indicate that the optimum process conditions for sulfate-anthraquinone cooking of Italian poplar chips are alkai (as Na2O)17%, anthraquinone 0.05%, ratio of liquor to chips 4:1, the highest temperature 165°C and the reaction duration 90 min., and the results obtained thereupon are a total pulp yield of 54.50% and a kappa number of 24.60. The optimum conditions for soda-anthraquinone process are alkalis 16%, anthraquinone 0.05%, ratio of liquor to chips 4:1, the highest temperature 165°C and the reaction duration 120 min, with a cooking result showing a a total pulp yield of 54.16% and a kappa number of 23.77. The test results show that the yields and Kappa numbers of pulp gained by soda-anthraquinone process and sulfate process are approximately the same. Bleaching properties and physical-mechanical strength of the pulps are also very similar. The pulping and papermaking properties of the four Italian poplars tested differ only very slightly, of which I-214 is the best, next comes I-69 and then I-72 and I-63. All of them can produce paper with proper strength, therefore, they are good raw material for pulping and paper-making.