<正>采用正交设计安排了氮、磷、钾3因素5水平的肥料试验,研究了氮、磷、钾配施对银杏苗木生长及生理的影响。结果表明:(1)不同的氮、磷、钾配施处理对银杏苗木各项生长生理指标均有极显著影响。在25种配施处理中,N3P3K5处理有利于银杏苗木的高生长和生物量的积累;N3P1K3和N5P1K5处理有利于银杏苗木叶绿素含量的提高;N3P2K4、N2P3K4、N3P3K5处理有利于光合速率的提高;(2)氮、磷、钾3种元素对银杏苗木生长和生理的影响效应不同,以氮为最大,其次是磷,钾的影响效应最小;(3)银杏苗木各项生长指标与氮、磷、钾施用量之间存在二次函数关系,根据关系方程求得2年生银杏苗木的合理养分元素施用量,氮肥为2.79～3.47g/盆、P2O5为2.44～2.59g/盆、K2O为1.51～1.98g/盆。

In order to study the requirements of leafproduction of Ginkgo biloba on nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,an experiment of fertilizer combinations of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of three different levels was arranged to study effects of the combinations on growth and some physiological properties of ginkgo seedlings,based on an orthogonal design.The results were as follows:(1)Different combinations of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium had significant effects on the growth and physiological indexes of ginkgo seedlings.Among 25 combinations,N3P3K5 was the best for the height growth and biomass accumulation of ginkgo seedlings,N3P1K3 and N5P1K5 were the best for the increase of chlorophyll content in leave,and N3P2K4,N2P3K4 and N3P3K5 were best for the increase of photosynthetic rate.(2)The effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on the growth and physiological indexes of ginkgo seedlings were in decreasing order of N>P>K.(3)There were quadric relationships between growth indexes and the amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium application.Based on this,regression models were established and proper application amounts of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium(N:2.79～3.47 g/pot,P2O5:2.44～2.59 g/pot,K2O:1.51～1.98 g/pot)for twoyearold ginkgo seedlings were calculated.