<正>研究了松香与甘油的部分酯化反应及松香甘油酯与环氧乙烷的加成反应,得出适宜的反应条件:松香与甘油反应温度为260～270℃,用量配比为1∶2,催化剂ZnO用量为松香用量的0.05%,反应时间4.5h,产物羟值175.2(滴定1g产物所需氢氧化钾毫克数),单酯含量48.2%,双酯含量37%;松香甘油酯与环氧乙烷的加成反应催化剂为KOH,其用量为酯的0.6%,温度150℃。测定了产物松香甘油酯聚氧乙烯醚的表面物理化学性能:表面张力δ为3.29×10-2～3.83×10-2N/m,临界胶束浓度CMC为2.2×10-4～5.2×10-4mol/L,钙皂分散指数LSDP为4.2%～18.5%,对松节油乳化力EP为74～190s,浊点CP为17～81℃;环氧乙烷聚合度(n)对产物表面物理化学性能的影响:随着n的增加,δ先下降,然后逐渐上升,CMC、LSDP、CP逐渐升高,EP先升高,当n=10时,变化趋于平缓。

Partially esterification of rosin with glycerol and addition reaction of rosin glycerol ester with epoxy ethane were investigated.The suitable reaction conditions were obtained:the ratio of rosin to glycerol for esterification was 1∶2(mol/mol),reaction temperature of esterification was 260~270 ℃,amount of catalyst of ZnO for esterification was 0.05% (based on rosin(g)),reaction time of esterification was 4.5 h.Amount of catalyst KOH for addition of rosin ester with epoxy ethane was 0.6% (based on rosin glycerol ester(g)),reaction temperature of addition was 150 ℃.Surface physicochemical properties of the products were measured.The results showed that surface tension (δ) varied from 3.29×10-2 to 3.83×10-2 N/m,critical micelle concentration(CMC) from 2.2×10-4 to 5.2×10-4 mol/L,lime soap dispersing power(LSDP) from 4.2% to 18.5%,emulsifying power(EP, with turpentine) from 74 s to 190 s,cloud point from 17 ℃ to 81 ℃.The relations between surface physicochemical properties of the products and polymerization degree of ethylene oxide(EO) were first studied systematically.With the increasing of polymerization degree(n) of EO,the surface activity was rising firstly,and then tending towards stability or dropping a little,the application properties,such as EP and LSDP,became better with increasing of n,and reached balance when n=10.