南京林业大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2003, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (03): 26-30.doi: 10.3969/j.jssn.1000-2006.2003.03.006

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

贵州喀斯特区石漠化过程中植被特征的变化

王德炉;朱守谦;黄宝龙   

  1. 南京林业大学;江苏 南京 210037,贵州大学,贵州 贵阳 550025;贵州大学;贵州 贵阳 550025;南京林业大学;江苏 南京 210037
  • 出版日期:2003-06-18 发布日期:2003-06-18

Changes of Vegetation Features of Rocky Desertification Process in Karst Area of Guizhou

WANG Delu1,2,ZHU Shouqian2,HUANG Baolong1   

  1. 1.Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;2.Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China
  • Online:2003-06-18 Published:2003-06-18

摘要: <正>对石漠化过程中植被的特征进行了研究。结果表明:在石漠化过程中,植被种类组成从高大乔木向典型的小灌木退化,并随着环境干旱程度的加剧向旱生化演替;植被退化的趋势依次为次生乔林→乔灌林→灌木林或藤刺灌丛→稀灌草坡或草坡→稀疏灌草丛,但优越的气候条件仍保持了该区较高的物种多样性;群落密度先增加后下降,群落高度和盖度随环境退化降低明显,形成稀疏植被覆盖的荒漠景观;小生境的恶劣程度随暴露程度的增加而增加,植被起源方式受干扰的影响较大;土地生产力的衰退是以乔木树种的衰退为主要标志,群落生物量急剧减少,变动幅度为41.134~0.206t/hm2。退化过程中植被与环境形成正反馈关系,并具有退化方向上的一致性、退化过程的非同步性和退化速度的非线性等特点。植被退化是石漠化发展的重要原因和标志。

Abstract: Features of plants in the process of rocky desertification were studied.In this process,vegetation compositions varied greatly,with a degraded direction of tree to shrub,and species were replaced by more droughtresistant species with more drought degree increased.The tendency of degradation on vegetation was trees,treeshrubs,shrubs,shrubgrass or grassland and thin shrubgrass successively,while abundant species diversity were kept in a favorable climate.The community density increased firstly,then declined,and the height and coverage of community had decreased obviously with degradation of site to form a desertification landscape.The microhabitat severe degrees were increasing with the rock exposed degrees increasing,and the origins of vegetation were greatly affected by disturbances.The land productivity degradation was showed by the arbor tree degradation,which community biomass decreased rapidly,with a range of 41.134~0.206 t/hm2.During the degradation process,plants and site formed a positive feedback,with the same degraded direction,and the degradation process was characterized of asynchronous and nonlinearity on rate.The vegetation degradation was the important reason and sign of development of rocky desertification.

中图分类号: