<正>应用5种多样性指标对雷公山水青冈（Fagus longipetiolata）群落的物种多样性进行了研究，并应用立木大小级对水青冈群落中的水青冈和青冈栎（Cyclobalamopsis glauca）两个优势种群径级结构进行了对比分析，同时采用方差/均值的t检验法、：Morisita指数，口的F检验法、丛生指数I、负二项式指数K、平均拥挤系数m*和聚块性指数m*/m判定并检验了两种优势种群的分布格局，并按径级分样地进行了格局类型及强度的比较。结果表明，水青冈群落乔木层、灌木层物种多样性均较高，草本层多样性偏低，群落总的物种多样性（以丰富度表示）较高。在分布格局上，水青冈种群V级占优势，在3个样地中分别达到52%，49.1%，49.4%，Ⅰ级没有，Ⅱ级较少，表现为衰退种群；青冈栎种群Ⅳ级较多，I、V级在个体数量比水青冈种群多；群落中两优势种群均呈集群分布。分析径级结构得出，随径级增大，水青冈种群由随机分布向集群分布过渡，而青冈栎种群则由集群分布向随机分布过渡。

Based on the landscape ecology theory and application of GIS,this paper deals with the forest landscape pattern in Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Mausoleum. With the electronic forest the matic map and information of forest resources survey, the area and perimeter of every forest landscape patch were computed. The total area, total perimeter and numbers of every landscape were calculated too. The forest landscape was classified into two levels. According to land use type the first level has 8 types, and the second has 7 types named dominate trees. The forest land pattern was analyzed in terms of patch density,fractal dimension, diversity, dominance etc. The results were as follows: the area of forest stand increased steadily while diversity was decreased. The hard wood forests went up but the pine forests decreased gradually.